Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic

Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Reserved Less Intelligent Affected by Feelings Submissive Serious Expedient Timid Tough-minded Trusting Practical Forthright Self-assured Conservative Group-dependant Uncontrolled Relaxed Nature of Personality Outgoing More Intelligent Emotionally Stable Dominant Happy-go-lucky Conscientious Venturesome Sensitive Suspicious Imaginative Shrewd Apprehensive Experimenting Self-sufficient Controlled Tense Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

outgoing upbeat Agreeableness Neuroticism (Negative Emotionality) Conscientiousness Extraversion (Constraint) (Positive Emotionality) Extraversion (Positive Emotionality) gregarious Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives assertive Behavioral Perspectives Openness to Experience Humanistic Perspectives friendly sociable Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

anxious Agreeableness Neuroticism (Negative Emotionality) insecure vulnerable Conscientiousness Neuroticism (Constraint) (Negative Emotionality) Extraversion (Positive Emotionality) Openness to Experience self-conscious hostile Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

curiosity Agreeableness artistic sensitivity Neuroticism (Negative Emotionality) vivid fantasy Psychodynamic Perspectives Conscientiousness (Constraint) Openness to Experience Extraversion (Positive Emotionality) Nature of Personality flexibility Behavioral Perspectives imaginativeness Openness to Experience unconventional attitudes Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

sympathetic Agreeableness modest Neuroticism (Negative Emotionality) trusting Conscientiousness (Constraint) Agreeableness cooperative Extraversion (Positive Emotionality) Openness to Experience straight forward Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

diligent Agreeableness punctual Neuroticism Conscientiousness (Negative (Constraint) Conscientiousness Emotionality) (Constraint) dependable Extraversion (Positive Emotionality) disciplined Openness to Experience well-organized Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Unconscious Mental Processes Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Id Pleasure Principle Primary-process Thinking Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Unconscious Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Conscious Ego Reality Principle Secondary-process Thinking Preconscious Id Pleasure Principle Primary-process Thinking Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Unconscious Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Conscious Ego Reality Principle Secondary-process Thinking Preconscious Superego Moral Imperatives Id Pleasure Principle Primary-process Thinking Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Unconscious Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

EGO Holds Urges in Check With Reality Gratify Urges Immediately Holds Urges in Check With Morality ID Superego Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Intrapsychic Conflict (Between Id, Ego, and Superego) Nature of Personality Reliance on Defense Mechanisms Anxiety Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Five Psychosocial Stages: 1. Oral 2. Anal 3. Phallic 4. Latency 5. Genital Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Stage Approximate Age Oral 0 -1 Mouth (Sucking, Biting) Weaning (From Breast or Bottle) Anal 2 -3 Anus (Expelling or Retaining Feces) Toilet Training Phallic 4 -5 Genitals (Masturbating) Identifying with Adult Role Models; Coping With Oedipal Crisis Latency 6 -12 None (Sexually Repressed) Expanding Social Contracts Genital Puberty Onward Genitals (Being Sexually Intimate) Establishing Intimate Relationships; Contributing to Society Through Working Nature of Personality Erotic Focus Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Key Tasks and Experience Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Carl Jung Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Collective Unconscious Person A Person B Conscious Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Person C Personal Unconscious Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Alfred Adler Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Conscious Ego Reality Principle Secondary-process Thinking Preconscious Superego Moral Imperatives Id Pleasure Principle Primary-process Thinking Unconscious How to Test? Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

B. F. Skinner Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Operant Response Tendencies R 1 R 2 Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Politely withdraw by getting wrapped up in a host’s book collection R 4 Large party where you know relatively few people Stick close to the people you already know R 3 Stimulus Situation Circulate, speaking to others only if they approach you first Leave at the first opportunity Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Albert Bandura Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Response Bargain Assertively Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Rewarding Stimulus Presented Good Buy on Car Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Carl Rogers Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Congruence Self-concept Nature of Personality Incongruence Actual Experience Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Self-concept Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Actual Experience Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Need For Self-actualization Aesthetic Needs Cognitive Needs Esteem Needs Belongingness and Love Needs Safety and Security Needs Physiological Needs Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Characteristics of Self-actualizing People Spontaneity, simplicity, and naturalness Autonomy, independence of culture and environment Feelings of kinship and identification with the human race Balance between polarities in personality, etc. Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Hans Eysenck Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Higher-order Traits Extraversion Sociable Lively Active Assertive Sensationseeking Habitual Responses Specific Responses Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Correlation of Scores . 60. 50. 40. 30. 20. 10 0 Altruism Empathy Aggressiveness Type of Interfering Material Identical Twins Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Fraternal Twins Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Correlation of Scores . 70. 60. 50. 40. 30. 20. 10 0 -. 10 Positive Emotionality Identical Twins Reared Together Nature of Personality Negative Emotionality Identical Twins Reared Apart Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Fraternal Twins Reared Together Humanistic Perspectives Constraint Fraternal Twins Reared Apart Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Evolutionary Perspective: Traits conductive to reproductive fitness Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Anxiety Buffer Self-preservation Instinct Need to Defend Cultural Worldview Potential for Death-related Anxiety and Terror Awareness of the Inevitability of Death Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Anxiety Buffer Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives Need to Enhance Feelings of Self-Esteem Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

T-scores on Personality Traits m icis rot u Ne 60 N ion ers rav t Ex E len ss ne en Op s es b ea gre A O A o nti ie sc s es n us n Co C 55 50 45 40 How Canadians View National Character Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Actual Trait Scores For Canadians Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality

Mother Father Self Friend Nature of Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Sibling Co-worker Humanistic Perspectives Biological Perspectives Terror Management Theory Culture and Personality