National Wind Tunnel Facility IITK Journey so far

National Wind Tunnel Facility, IITK Journey so far & Its Mission Past, Present, and Future Dr. K. Poddar

Presentation Overview Introduction Report on NWTF activities (2006 – 2008) Projected Activities for next 3 years (2009 – 2011) Strengthening NWTF team Proposed HRD Plan Proposed Academic Programs Proposed Expansion Programs • Experimental Facilities • Computational Facilities • Design & Inspection Facilities NWTF (IITK)

Background l National studies coordinated under the auspices of AR&DB in the late eighties identified a strong need for a low speed wind tunnel in India to provide Indian Industry with adequate support in experimental aerodynamics for effective development work. Thus, a National Wind Tunnel Facility Project (NWTF-P) was initiated. l NWTF was conceived as an autonomous activity at IIT Kanpur in the academic environment, with the objective to construct, operate, maintain and further develop the wind tunnel facility as a Users’ Facility. l Further, due to funding constraints it was decided to implement the project in two phases as follows: Phase I l Tunnel circuit, fan, motor, and drive system l Model support mechanism, turntables, and instrumentation Phase II l Test section parking hall and tunnel control room l Instrumentation and calibration rooms l Model design, inspection, integration rooms and model shop l Wind tunnel offices, conference room, model display room NWTF (IITK)

National Wind Tunnel Facility Established in 1999 with the financial support from AR&DB, DST, and IIT Kanpur, the National Wind Tunnel Facility (NWTF) has unique and nationally recognized capabilities to evaluate aerodynamic performance of flight and road vehicles as well as wind effects on civil engineering structures. Special Capabilities § § § Important features § § • High Reynolds Number simulation § • Very low turbulence • Interchangeable mobile test sections § • Automated measurement & control systems Full-model testing with sting support system 2 -D model testing using turntables Open jet testing Flow diagnostic using PIV & visualization Ground effect simulation with moving belt Gust and cross-wind simulation ABL simulation for civil applications NWTF (IITK)

National Wind Tunnel Facility NWTF is committed to take up sponsored and consultancy projects of national importance as well as supporting academic research at IIT Kanpur. Major contributions v In house R&D activities through sponsored and consultancy projects v Interdisciplinary and Inter-departmental interaction through support for PG Students’ Thesis and faculty R&D projects Space Capsule Recovery Experiments R&D support for National Aerospace Programs of ADA, ADE, ADRDE, ARDE, DRDL, NAL, VSSC R&D support to Civil Engineering industry v v v HRD through short courses and symposiums Active Research Areas Decelerator aerodynamics, unsteady and high angle of attack aerodynamics, Low Re aerodynamics, flow controls, ground effect on flight and road vehicles, Automobile aerodynamics wind effect on structures, virtual instrumentation LTA on Sting Support System NWTF (IITK)

NWTF Users Academic Institutions: IIT Kanpur, IIT Delhi, IIT Bombay ISRO: VSSC CSIR: NAL DRDO: ADA, ADE, ADRDE, ARDE, DRDL CIVIL: BHEL, L&T, Gammon India, REL, PCTL, NTPC, DVC, IJT, Alstom India, Lodha Bellissimo, etc. Wind Energy: Suzlon Automobile: Tata Motors, M&M Railways: RDSO, Contransys Pvt Ltd NWTF (IITK)

Space Applications Space Recovery Capsule NWTF (IITK)

Reusable Launch Vehicle RLV-SVT RLV-TVT VSSC NWTF (IITK)

Space Vehicles with Launch Tower NWTF (IITK)

Aeronautical Applications Control surface effectiveness study Aerodynamic buffeting study NWTF (IITK)

Air-intake Mass Flow Simulation NWTF (IITK)

Study on Aerofoil GAW-Aerofoil LS-E 2 -Aerofoil NWTF (IITK)

Aerodynamic Study on Missile Models NWTF (IITK)

Decelerator Aerodynamics NWTF (IITK)

Study on Ram-air Parachutes Ram-air parachute test rig NWTF (IITK)

Double Stacked Wagon Config 2 Config 1 Config 3 NWTF (IITK)

Study on Thermal Power Stations Aero-elastic Chimney and Cooling Tower NWTF (IITK)

Civil Engineering Applications NWTF (IITK)

Major Ongoing R&D Projects (1) Aeronautical § Experimental study on Single and multi-element airfoils for RTA § Experimental study of low Reynolds number airfoil for MAV § Aerodynamic characteristics of RLV Ascent 1: 50 lift off, 1: 13 scale Ascent and Descent, RLV 1: 8 and 1: 6. 25 FADS § Ground wind studies on GSLV-M 3, PSLV § Wind tunnel studies on DRDL MK-3 missiles (2) Non-Aeronautical § Aero-elastic model study of NDCT § Wind tunnel study on rigid model of 81 storey residential tower § Wind tunnel testing on rigid model of I. G. Stadium sports complex § Aero-elastic model study of 275 m tall RCC Triple flue Chimney NWTF (IITK)

Tunnel Utilization Year Wind OFF Hours Wind On Hours Total Hours 2006 580 190 2007 520 2008 540 Tunnel effort (Rs. In Lakh) Total project amount (Rs in Lakhs) Paid Notional 770 80 38 130 230 750 90 30 150 298 838 155 20 220 NWTF (IITK)

Tunnel Utilization (in terms of income) NWTF (IITK)

Tunnel Utilization (in terms of occupancy) NWTF (IITK)

Normalized Tunnel Utilization NWTF (IITK)

Occupancy forecast for next 3 years Serial # Organizati ons Wind OFF Occupancy (hrs) Wind ON occupancy (hrs) Total Occupancy (hrs) 1 VSSC 500 300 800 2 DRDO 650 350 1000 3 CSIR 325 175 500 4 Civil 550 300 850 5 Others 250 150 400 2275 1275 3550 Total Projected occupancy = 80% per year for paid projects. Projected income = Rs 236 lakhs/year (at the rate of Rs 20, 000/hr) Remaining 20% can be utilized for in-house R&D, students’ research, and HRD activities. NWTF (IITK)

Strengthening NWTF team The following manpower distribution is required for effective tunnel operation Manpower Current strength Requirement for full fledge operation (60% & above occupancy) Research Engineers 3 4+2 Technical Assistant 1 3+1 Mechanics 2+8 4+8 Office staff 2 3 Project Ass 2 4 NWTF (IITK)

Proposed HRD Programs Existing: HRD programs in wind tunnel testing techniques through short courses, symposium, and workshop – mainly for professionals Proposed: HRD programs in experimental techniques using wind tunnel covering model design, instrumentation, measurement techniques, data acquisition & analysis, report writing, and validation of CFD tools - For UG & PG engineering students across the country NWTF (IITK)

Proposed Academic Programs Major: MS by Research Minor: Experimental fluid mechanics NWTF (IITK)

Additional Facilities proposed v Aerodynamic research facilities • • Low speed wind tunnels for academic research Annular cascade tunnel Supersonic and hypersonic facilities High speed jet, shock tube v Open circuit wind tunnel for civil applications v Computational facilities v Design, manufacturing & inspection facilities NWTF (IITK)

Various Thrust Areas of Research l Fluid Structure Interaction l Low Reynolds Number Aerodynamics l Unsteady Aerodynamics l High Speed Aerodynamics l Wind Energy l Active and passive flow controls NWTF (IITK)

Concluding Remarks § NWTF is committed to take up sponsored and consultancy projects of national importance as well as supporting academic research. § NWTF Proposes following academic programs § Minor: Experimental fluid mechanics § Major: MS by research § NWTF proposes to add various research facilities in the areas of low & high speed experimental aerodynamics NWTF (IITK)

We Look Forward to Your Continued Support Thank you