Nanowires use in solar cells Konstantin Kotlyar Laboratory of the epitaxial of nanotechnology Saint Petersburg Academic University 15. 12. 2014
Nanowires are crystalline solids, the length of which substantially exceeds its diameter. Characteristic dimensions: diameter - 10 -100 nm length - 0. 5 -30 microns Fig. 1. Lateral cross-section view SEM image of Ga-catalyzed Ga. As nanowires on Si(111) substrate grown at 590 °C 2
Idea! N – type material P – type material 3
Regular arrays of nanowires a b c Fig. 2. Regular arrays of Zn. O (a), Si (b) and single Sn. O 2 (c) nanowires 4
Irregular arrays of nanowires a b Fig. 3. Irregular arrays of Au-catalyzed Cd. Te (a) and non-catalytic Zn. O (b) nanowires 5
Fig. 4. Au-assisted VLS growth of Ga. As nanowires on Ga. As(111)B substrate by MBE, AFM Images show the Ga. As buffer (1 st stage), the surface after Au deposition (2 nd stage), 3 D droplets after annealing 6 (3 rd stage), and SEM image shows the vertically aligned Ga. As wires (4 th stage)
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Fig. 6. Different types of nanowire heterostructures: axial heterostructure in the In. As/In. P system (a), core-shell In. As/In. P nanowire (b), In. As 0. 35 P 0. 65 quantum dot inside an In. As nanowire (c), and In. As quantum dots on the sidewalls of a Ga. As nanowire 8
Research way of our laboratory ITO (n- type) p-Cd. Te nanowires 50 nm substrate – glass (8 mm) Fig. 7. The Shockley-Queisser limit for the efficiency of a single-junction solar cell under unconcentrated sunlight. Cd. Te (Eg = 1. 49) corresponds to almost maximum efficiency: 30% Fig. 8. Scheme of the structure 9
Result As you can see in addition to interesting physics of nanowires, they find a promising application. A simple idea can lead to the solution of many problems! Thank you! 10
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Fig. 1. Timeline of solar cell energy conversion efficiencies since 1976 (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) 12
Осаждение материала drop Адсорбция атомов Осаждение материала drop Диффузия nanowire substrate nanowire адатомов substrate 13
Fig. 8. Areas of application nanowires 14
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