Name: ________ Date: ______ 1 Blankness, 3 eyes Below are three barriers to learning hurt, 1 feeling stupid, From the list of symptoms write two next to each barrier that 1 irritable, causes that symptom. (2 pts each) 3 headache, 1. Misunderstood words and symbols ______ 1 wanting to get away from subject, 2. Learning at too steep of a pace________ 2 confused, 3. Lack of a physical connection to subject; meaning a lack 1 disgusted, 3 heavy of visuals or hands-on learning. _________ feeling, 1 disoriented Situation: A recent hurricane that hit the South will leave many without power for a weeks. If they had a freezer full of frozen meat, what should they do to preserve this meat? Give at least three methods. Assume there’s no where to buy ice or get a electric generator and there’s no place cold to store it. (3 pts) The following methods are good for preservation: Cooking, drying, packing in salt, blend with spices, pickle with vinegar, expose to UV light (black light/sunlight). Situation: You are hiking in the desert in the winter and need to start a fire, but have no matches or lighter. How would you start a fire? Draw a picture and label. (3 pts) Wood or rock hand protector with depression to hold top of spinning stick Spinning stick Bow with string, shoe lace, or fibers wrapped once around spinning stick. Back and forth motion spins stick. Plank wood with depression and notch for embers to drop onto tender. Situation: You are walking along a river bed and find a dog tangled up in some tough nylon rope. You tried to untie it but couldn’t and you don’t have a knife to cut it. How can you make something sharp enough to cut the rope? Describe and draw a picture. (3 pts) Throw or strike one rock against another. If you get a concave break, strike it again from an angle that may produce a sharp edge. This piece may be sharp enough
What are the building blocks of clay? Si. O 2*2 H 2 O Al 2 O 3*2 H 2 O Clay is made of two layers. One layer is silicon and oxygen bonded to water molecules. The other layer is aluminum and oxygen bonded to water molecules. Other water molecules will fit between these layers if the clay is wet. All cultures mold pots and then place them in a fire. What happens when clay is fired? First, the water that was added to mold the clay evaporates. Next, the water that was bonded to the layers of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide gets driven off. The loss of water causes the clay to shrink and the layers to fuse. The clay will be hard and will no longer be softened by water. Be prepared to give the written name if the formula is given and vice versa. F 2 Fluorine Cl 2 Chlorine CO Carbon monoxide CO 2 Carbon dioxide P 2 Br 4 Diphosphorus tetrabromide NO Nitrogen monoxide Know what these prefixes mean • • mono- 1 di 2 tri 3 tetra- 4 penta- 5 hexa- 6 deca- 10 NO 3 Nitrogen trioxide N 2 O Dinitrogen monoxide Where does the word, “Chemistry” come from? Chemistry is from chemists, which is from alchemists which came from Al kemia (meaning the black lands of Egypt) This is where the chemistry of mummification was known. Cl 2 O dichlorine oxide On a personal level you experience electrons, protons, and neutrons. Pick which one goes with which experience. protons neutrons electrons
Anti-Matter What kind of light is capable of creating matter? Gamma Rays When light creates matter, two particles are always formed. For example, when an electron is formed, an anti-electron is also formed, but its proper name is a Positron Elements are building blocks for compounds. 4) Electrical attraction & repulsion are primary forces that cause elements to combine. Protons & electrons attract each other even when in different atoms. Hydrogen & oxygen make water This attraction causes atoms to combine. Protons, Neutrons, & Electrons are building blocks for elements Write in the number of Electron protons for the below # Element built s elements protons Neutron Proton Helium atom Even though elements are by using just three building Hydroge blocks (electrons, neutrons, and n protons), a variety of elements Helium with vastly different properties Lithium are created: Choose two Berylliu elements that differ by only one m proton, but appear very different. _____________________ 1 2 3 4 Boron 5 Carbon 6 Nitrogen True. Oxygen 7 8 Electrons can shape themselves into many shapes: True or False? Some of the electrons in your body could be at this moment on the moon: True or False? True Electrons can go through barriers even though they don’t have the energy to do so: True or False? True It is possible for you to walk into a wall and find yourself on the other side? True or False? True Electrons repel each other: True or False? True Electrons are attracted to protons: True or False? True Elements can be said to be very diverse building blocks. How many compounds can elements make? is mostly made of inorganic compounds. What The Earth’s crust An almost infinite number of compounds are threeare often placed into 2 categories: Organic and Inorganic. Compounds most common elements in the Earth’s crust and their percentages (by weight) in high to low order? Oxygen (50%), silicon (30%), aluminum (8%). What element accounts for about half the weight of a mountain? Oxygen What four metals are the next abundant in Earth’s crust? Iron, calcium, sodium, and potassium. When you are walking on the ground, what predominant element are you standing on? Oxygen When you walk on carpeting, what is the predominant element (by weight)? Carbon When you walk on wood, what is the predominant element (by weight)? Carbon
Organic compounds are built around the element, carbon, and many have chains of this element. Write down the type of organic compounds built from the elements indicated H C O S N P Hydrocarbons Carbohydrates & Lipids Amino acids & proteins More amino acids & proteins RNA, & DNA Hydrocarbons are made from what two elements? Carbon and Hydrogen Match the formula or description with the compound B D A E C CH 4 a. Gasoline CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 b. Methane (natural gas) 6 to 10 carbon hydrocarbon c. Motor Oil Hydrocarbon with thousands of carbons d. Propane Hydrocarbon with about 20 carbons e. Polyethylene Living things use small molecules as building blocks for larger molecules and large compounds as building blocks for very large molecules (macromolecules). What are the two small molecules that build sugars? Carbon dioxide and water O C O Wood is built primarily from cellulose, which is built from the 6 -carbon sugar called glucose, which is built from what three elements? Carbon, H oxygen, & hydrogen This sugar also forms chains in a slightly different arrangement that stores energy in plants. What is that carbohydrate? Starch What are the building blocks for proteins? Amino acids. H H O O N C C O To the right is glycine. Circle the part that is the “amino” part and which is the H “acid” part? Amino part H H H Acid part Proteins have two purposes. Some build structures and others are for directing chemical reactions. Keratin and collagen are proteins which type? Enzymes are structures. They build proteins that direct chemical reactions. Their names usually end with what? -ase Hemoglobin is a protein made for its chemical capability. What is its chemical specialty? H H H It can hold belong to the family of lipids. What are the Oils and fats onto oxygen. H C C C building blocks of lipids? Fatty acids H H H O C C C O H H Hydrocarbon=Fatty part H acid part
Abundance of elements The website, in the Earth’s crust www. webelements. com provides these 3 -d graphs of abundance of elements. What elements predominate the Earth’s crust? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. This galaxy is measured to be 30, 000, 000 miles away and traveling 2, 000, 000 miles per year. How far was it from us 15, 000, 000 years ago? (d=vt): _______________ % Log Abundance of Hydrogen ppb by wt ppb by % in atoms Universe 750, 00 75 8. 8 930, 00 93 0 8 0 Earth’s crust 1, 500, 000 0. 15 6. 1 310, 00 31 What does “ppb” mean? 8 ________ that 11% of the weight of sea water is hydrogen, but 66% of 0 A) How do explain the number of atoms in sea water Sea water 107, 800, 00 11 8. 0 662, 000, 00 66 is hydrogen? Hydrogen is very light, so it their weight makes up a lower percent of total weight 0 0 3 Human 100, 00 10 8. 0 atoms in the B) In humans, hydrogen make up 10% of its weight and 62 out of 100620, 00 62 body. What compounds in the body have hydrogen 0 (name at least 4)? 0 0 Water, lipids, sugars, carbohydrates, proteins, DNA. C) What does the log of 8 mean? It means 10 to the 8 th power or 100, 000 Fused for Nuclear Fuel Hydrogen (H) Helium (4 He) Carbon (12 C) Neon (20 Ne) Oxygen (16 O) Silicon(28 Si) Fused during neutron core explosion Main Products 4 He 12 C 16 O, 20 Ne, 24 Mg 28 Si, 32 S 56 Fe, 56 Ni All elements less than Fe Temperature 4 million K 150 million K 1 billion K 2 billion K 3 billion K 4 billion K 10 -100 billion K 4 billion K Created from neutron capture in All elements heavier than A) What does the 12 mean in 12 C? Supernova Fe It is the total of protons and neutrons in this isotope of carbon. B) What temperature is oxygen created from carbon? And what other element is needed? 1 billion degrees Kelvin, and helium is fused to the carbon. C) Alchemists tried to turn common metals into gold and there are plenty of websites still saying they can do that. They could if they did what? Placed common metals in a supernova, or bombard metals with high energy neutrons.
Скачать презентацию Name ________ Date ______ 1 Blankness 3 eyes
dedde094051c7d90008955da5977c957.ppt