My Brother Martin by Christine King Farris illustrated

My Brother Martin by Christine King Farris illustrated by Chris Soentpiet Compiled by: Terry Sams PES Melissa Guinn PES

Study Skills Genre: Biography Comprehension Skill: Cause and Effect Comprehension Strategy: Answer Questions Comprehension Review Skill: Fact and Opinion Vocabulary: Word Structure—Endings

Summary Few people know about what Martin Luther King, Jr. was like as a child. His older sister, Christine, tells stories of their childhood, full of love and fun. She remembers when her little brother “M. L. ” told their mother, “One day, I am going to turn this world upside down. ”

Genre: Biography A biography is the story of a real person’s life as told be someone else. In this biography, a sister shares childhood memories of her younger brother. Why do you think she chose to tell about these experiences?

Comprehension Skill Cause and Effect The effect is what happens. The cause is why it happens. Clue words such as because, so, therefore, and as a result can signal causes and effects. Sometimes one effect becomes the cause of another effect, which causes another, and so on. This is called a chain of events.

Practice Cause and Effect PB 253 1. Cause 2. Jack’s textbooks are old and damaged. 2. Effect Cause 3. Jack’s mother complains to the principal, who cannot help. 3. Effect Cause 4. She visits a lawyer, and he files a lawsuit for her.

Practice Cause and Effect PB 253 4. Effect 5. A judge decides in Jack’s favor. 5. When do you think this fictional story takes place? Use the information from the text and your prior knowledge to answer the question. 6. The story probably takes place in the early days of the Civil Rights Movement.

Comprehension Strategy Answer Questions Good readers can answer questions about what they read. Sometimes the answer to a question will be in one place in the text and sometimes it will be in several places. Sometimes you must combine what you read with what you already know.

Comprehension Review Skill. Fact or Opinion A fact is a statement that can be proven either true or false. An opinion is a statement based on someone’s judgment, belief, or way of thinking.

Vocabulary Skill: Word Structure—Endings Sometimes the ending –ed or –ing is added to a verb or the ending –s is added to a noun. If a word with one of these endings seems hard for you, try the following:

Vocabulary Skill: Word Structure—Endings – Cover the ending and identify the base form of the verb or noun. – Do you know this word? If you do, think about its meaning. Picture the action the verb describes. – If you do not, check the words around the word. Try to find clues that can help you figure out the meaning. – Check to see if the meaning makes sense in the sentence.

Grammar Skill – Conjunctions TE 659 e Conjunctions are connecting words such as and, but and or. They can be used to join words, phrases, or sentences. Use and to add information, or to join related ideas: They played soccer and tag.

Grammar Skill – Conjunctions TE 659 e Use but to join different ideas: Some people were kind, but others were mean. Use or to suggest a choice: We can fight, or we can get along.

Research Skill Note Taking TE 659 L As you read, take notes to help you understand remember the text. Notes should be brief and focus on the most important information. Use keywords, phrases, or short sentences. Paraphrase, or restate, someone’s idea using your own words.

Research Skill Note Taking TE 659 L Synthesize, or combine, information from different parts of the text or from tow or more texts. Look for ideas that go together. Add your own thoughts. Record findings in an organized way, such as a graphic organizer, a summary, or an outline. Include information about sources you read.

Research Skill Note Taking WB 259 -260 1. 2. 3. 4. How is this article organized? chronologically Paraphrase the first sentence in the article. Both Cesar Chavez and Dr. King understood the value of equal rights. Why is it important to take note of the fact that Chavez was a migrant worker? It led him to do the work he did as an a adult fighting for civil rights. Is the detail about Chavez joining the U. S. Navy important enough to include in your notes? Why or why not? No, because the article doesn’t focus on what he did in the navy.

Research Skill Note Taking WB 259 -260 5. What did Chavez do with the Community Service Organization? He spoke out against discrimination and encouraged voting. 6. What methods of peaceful protest did Chavez use? strikes, fasts, urging people to stop buying certain products 7. Why is it important to write down only the most important ideas when notetaking? If I wrote down every idea and every detail, I wouldn’t be able to focus on the author’s main ideas.

Research Skill Note Taking WB 259 -260 8. When taking notes for a report, it is important to write down the title and author of the book or article you are reading. Why do you need to do this? I might need to go back to what I was reading to check for more information. 9. Describe a graphic organizer you might use to organize your notes. I would draw a web. I would put Cesar Chavez in a center circle and write important details about his life in surrounding circles. 10. Copy a section of your notes from the article in the lines below. born in 1927, Arizona; worked as migrant farmer; fought for rights of Latinos

Weekly Fluency Check Phrasing TE 659 a ● Read aloud “A Class of One”. Explain that you will group words that make sense together. ● Partners read aloud p. 651, paragraph 1, three times. Group words into meaningful phrases. Give each other feedback.

Fun Stuff and Practice Review Cause and Effect Introduction Conjunctions Fact and Opinion Introduction Fact and Opinion Review Fact and Opinion Game Martin Luther King Power. Point Time Line Good Sentence Review Power. Point

Question of the Week TE 638 m How can words change people’s lives?

Day 2 - Question of the Day What new or surprising information about Martin Luther King, Jr. does this biography give?

Day 3 - Question of the Day How do Martin Luther King, Jr. s’ experiences show the power or words to change the world?

Day 4 - Question of the Day - Review Why do you think poems by young people were paired with the biography of Martin Luther King, Jr. ?

Review Questions 1. What is an opinion about Martin’s father? 2. What is the main idea of the selection? 3. Is it a fact or an opinion that the King children played with two white boys? 4. How were the King’s children and the two white boys alike? 5. What was the result of the King’s losing their friends?

Review Questions 6. Why did Martin Luther King, Jr. tell his mother that he would “one day (…) turn the world upside down? ” 7. What did M. L. and his father have in common? 8. Why did the father refuse to buy shoes from a store owner? 9. What does the sentence, “These stories were as nourishing as the food that was set before us, ” mean?

Review Questions 10. What was M. L. ‘s dream? 11. Why did the author write the story? 12. How does the picture on page 654 show the difference that M. L. made?

Vocabulary - Say It numerous ancestors avoided pulpit generations shielding minister

More Words to Know confronted injustice nourishing demonstrating integrate sympathy

ancestors l people from whom you are descended, such as your great-grandparents

avoided l kept away from; kept out of the way of

generations l periods of about thirty years, or the time from the birth of one generation to the birth of the next generation

minister • member of the clergy; spiritual guide; pastor

numerous l very many

pulpit l platform or raised structure in a church from which the minister preaches

shielding l protecting; defending

confronted l faced boldly, opposed

injustice l lack of justice, fairness, lawfulness

nourishing l keep well-fed and healthy; producing health and growth

demonstrating l taking part in a parade or meeting to protest or to make demands

integrate l to make public places available to people or all races on an equal basis

sympathy l agreement; approval; favor

Ministers often preach from behind a pulpit.

Martin Luther King, Jr. made numerous speeches about equality.

Slaves lived without freedom for many generations.

In the 1960 s, schools were forced to integrate public schools.

In the 1960 s, schools were forced to integrate public schools. Norman Rockwell’s “The Problem We All Live With”

Many white students stood outside integrated schools demonstrating their anger of having to go to school with colored people.

Very few white people had sympathy for colored families.

The Underground Railroad was one way of shielding runaway slaves.

The Underground Railroad was one way of shielding runaway slaves. Link

Slaves who had run away avoided places where they could be recognized by anyone.

Writing Assignment Write and announcement promoting some fictional event using as many of the spelling words as possible. The event may be a play, a contest or a sporting event.

Spelling Words Schwa stomach memory Canada element mystery science remember forget suppose iron

Spelling Words Schwa gravel difficult fortune giant architect normal notify privilege cement yesterday Different dictionaries may show different vowels for the schwa sound.

CHALLENGE ridiculous syllable magnificent asparagus cinnamon

Academic Vocabulary-Reading Outline – a brief summary or plan often in numbered divisions Proofread – to read over and fix mistakes Thesaurus – book of words and their synonyms Title page – page of a book bearing the title Sentence fragment – occurs when subject, verb, or main clause is missing

This Week’s Word Wall Words Click and type your own words for this week:

Let’s review our Spelling words. Watch carefully because they will flash on the screen for just a moment. We can clap as we spell the word, or we might just practice reading the words.

stomach

memory

Canada

mystery

remember

forget

giant

architect

normal

notify

privilege

cement

yesterday

ridiculous

syllable

asparagus

syllable

magnificent

cinnamon

reaction

suppose

iron

gravel

difficult

science

Daily Fix-It Day 1 1. Why is it important to rimember the lessons of history. 2. If we do'nt remember history we may make the same mistakes.

Daily Fix-It Day 1 1. Why is it important to remember the lessons of history? 2. If we don’t remember history, we may make the same mistakes.

Daily Fix-It Day 2 3. Violence is dramatic, and nonviolence is often effectiver. 4. Its diffecult not to fight back when others are fighting you.

Daily Fix-It Day 2 3. Violence is dramatic, but nonviolence is often more effective. 4. It's difficult not to fight back when others are fighting you.

Daily Fix-It Day 3 5. Men, woman, but children fought for rights of black Americans. 6. They marched threw the streets, in protest.

Daily Fix-It Day 3 5. Men, women, and children fought for rights of black Americans. 6. They marched through the streets in protest.

Daily Fix-It Day 4 7. Rev. King dream that the world would be a more good place. 8. Parts of his dream comed true, there is still work to be done.

Daily Fix-It Day 4 7. Rev. King dreamed that the world would be a better place. 8. Parts of his dream came true. There is still work to be done.

Daily Fix-It Day 5 9. King was a great american, and a day is named in her honor. 10. At our school we always reads one of Kings speeches.

Daily Fix-It Day 5 9. King was a great American, and a day is named in his honor. 10. At our school we always read one of King's speeches.