MSU & Skol. Tech Mitosis
Mitosis Cell cycle DNA synthesis: S-phase (synthesis) Cell division: M-phase (mitosis)
Mitosis Phases of mitosis
Mitosis Microtubules
Mitosis Microtubules dynamics
Mitosis Microtubules localization Radial from centrosome From basal bodies of cilia
Mitosis Traffic along microtubules
Mitosis Motor proteins have directionality along microtubules
Mitosis Movement along microtubules
Mitosis Microtubules center Centrosome, organelle that surround centriole
Mitosis Centrioles are dividing
Mitosis Microtubules (-) end is capped in the centrosome
Mitosis G 2 checkpoint 1. DNA is replicated 2. No DNA lesions Positive feedback system: all-or-none decision making
Mitosis Positive and negative regulators of mitosis WT inactive cdc 25 inactive wee
Mitosis Activation and inhibition of Cdc 25
Mitosis Negative signals to inhibit mitosis
Mitosis If DNA is damaged
Mitosis Positive decision to proceed into mitosis
Mitosis Decomposition of nuclear membrane
Mitosis Chromosome condensation
Mitosis Condensin
Mitosis Chromosome condensation
DNA compaction Different compaction mechanisms in interphase and mitosis What does it mean? Mitotic chromosomes: consecutive loops, NOT fixed relative to the chromosome position, NOT hierarchically folded, not necessarily, but possibly attached to a scaffold
Chromosome Another SMC protein - cohesin
Mitosis Another SMC protein, cohesin
Chromosome Centromere
Chromosome Centromere
Chromosome Centromere of higher eukaryotes
Chromosome Centromere of higher eukaryotes
Mitosis Kinetochore
Mitosis Sliding attachment of kinetochore to microtubules
Mitosis Sliding attachment allows microtubule growth
Mitosis Microtubules stabilization and destabilization
Mitosis Cell cycle
Mitosis Transition to anaphase requires that all kinetochores are attached to opposite poles
Mitosis Unattached kinetochore inhibits APC/C
Mitosis Activation of inhibitory Mad 2 conformation Mad 2 open Mad 2 closed
Mitosis Attachment to opposite poles cause mechanic tension and relieves inhibition of anaphase
Mitosis Anaphase after attachment of all kinetochores
Mitosis Anaphase: sister chromatids moves to opposite poles
Mitosis Microtubule depolymerization moves chromatids to poles
Mitosis Telophase division of the cytoplasm as accomplished by am actin belt
Mitosis Telophase kinesin molecules pushes microtubules into opposite sides
Mitosis Telophase progression
Mitosis Telophase