Mrs Agosta Mrs Hassett and Ms Pojer

Mrs. Agosta, Mrs. Hassett and Ms. Pojer

I. History: n Judaism is the first monotheistic religion n Yahweh is the Hebrew name for God.

n Hebrews were nomads who lived in the Fertile Crescent (the birthplace of monotheism)

n Hebrews, settled in Palestine or Canaan (the Promised Land)

Other Names for Jews n Hebrews n Israelites

DON’T WRITE In 930 BCE, the Kingdom split n North - Israel n South - Judah n Israel was invaded and the Hebrews lived under foreign rule n

n Diaspora When a group of - people are forced off their land. n Jews had to leave Palestine and were scattered. n They kept their beliefs and later influenced Christianity and Islam

II. Beliefs: n Monotheism believe in one true - God n Jews are God’s Chosen people God made a covenant (binding agreement) with Abraham

n Sacred Text: n Torah - First 5 books of the Old Testament

n Ten Commandments - laws that God gave to the Hebrews through Moses

n Prophets- spiritual leaders that preached ethics (moral living) n Ex: Abraham, Moses and the Burning Bush

Synagogue or Temple on Saturdays (Sabbath) n Place of Worship:

III. Important Leaders: n Abraham. Patriarch (or father) of Judaism n He made a covenant with God

Abraham’s Geneaology HAGAR ABRAHAM Ishmael 12 Arabian Tribes SARAH Isaac Jacob 12 Tribes of Israel Esau

Moses- Heled the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt to the Promised Land (Canaan). This is called the Exodus. “Shepherd of His People”

n King David- united the Jewish empire

n King Solomon n David’s son n Made Jerusalem into an impressive capital

n Deborah- female prophet n In most societies, women were subordinate (inferior) to men and could not participate in some religious ceremonies.

Today: Israel is Jewish n Palestine is Muslim n They believe in common holy places in Israel like Jerusalem. This has led to constant fighting.

Hasidic Jews n Strict form of Judaism. They live in communities, don’t cut their facial hair and wear simple clothing.

Mount Sinai

St. Catherine’s Monastery at Mount Sinai

Recreation of Ancient Jerusalem

King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan The First Temple

Inside the Temple Tabernacle The Arc of the Covenant

The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall

Kingdoms of Judah & Israel

Israelites in Captivity

Jerusalem: Reading the Torah