Mr Pagliaro Seymour High School 1861 A

Mr. Pagliaro Seymour High School

1861 A Thousand Mile Front

North vs. South in 1861 North South Advantages ? ? Disadvantages ? ?

Rating the North & the South

Slave/Free States Population, 1861

Railroad Lines, 1860

Resources: North & the South

The Union & Confederacy in 1861

Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

Who fought? Ohio Military Service

Soldier’s occupations: North & South Combined

The Leaders of the Confederacy Pres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander Stevens

The Confederate Government in Richmond

The Confederate Seal MOTTO “With God As Our Vindicator”

Northern View of Jefferson Davis

“Anaconda Plan” Union’s Civil War Strategy: • Blockade Southern Ports • Take control of Mississippi River • Split Confederacy

The “Anaconda” Plan

Lincoln’s Generals Winfield Scott Irvin Mc. Dowell George Mc. Clellan Joseph Hooker Ambrose Burnside Ulysses S. Grant George Meade George Mc. Clellan, Again!

Battle of Bull Run (1 st Manassas) July, 1861

Formation of Army of the Potomac – Summer 1861 …Presdt, Cabinet, Genl Scott & all deferring to me—by some strange operation of magic I seem to have become the power of the land. . I almost think that were I to win some small success now I could become Dictator or anything else that might please me—but nothing of that kind would please me— therefore I won't be Dictator. Admirable selfdenial!– George B. Mc. Clellan, July 26, 1861

Mc. Clellan: I Can Do It All!

Mc. Clellan on Lincoln [Lincoln is] "nothing more than a wellmeaning baboon", a "gorilla", and "ever unworthy of. . . his high position. ”

The Confederate Generals “Stonewall” Jackson Nathan Bedford Forrest George Pickett Jeb Stuart James Longstreet Robert E. Lee

1862 A Very Bloody Affair

Peninsula Campaign: Phase 1 n MCCLELLAN’S AMPHIBIOUS DEPLOYMENT OF TROOPS TO RICHMOND

Quaker Guns

Peninsula Campaign: Phase 2 The Seven Days It wasn't war; it was murder. Major General DH Hill CASUALTIE S: Confederacy 20, 000 of 90, 000 Our success has not been as great or complete as we should have desired. . Under ordinary circumstances the Federal Army should have been destroyed. General Robert E. Lee Union 16, 000 My conscience is clear at least to this of 105, 000 extent—viz. : that I have honestly done the best I could; I shall leave it to others to decide whether that was the Mc. Clellan best that could have been done—& if insisted he they find any who can do better am perfectly willing to step aside & give was way. outnumbered Maj. Gen. George B. Mc. Clellan

The Battle of the Ironclads, March, 1862 The Monitor vs. the Merrimac

Damage on the Deck of the Monitor

War in the East: 1861 -1862

Battle of Antietam SINGLE BLOODIEST DAY IN AMERICAN HISTORY September 17, 1862 23, 000 casualties 3654 dead (Sept. 11 -2, 977 [minus hijackers])

the field was cut as closely as could have been done with a knife, and the [Confederates] slain lay in rows precisely as they had stood in their ranks a few moments before. ” Gen. Joseph Hooker “General Mc. Clellan had committed barely 50, 000 infantry and artillerymen to the contest. A third of his army did not fire a shot. Even at that, his men repeatedly drove the Army of Northern Virginia to the brink of disaster, feats of valor entirely lost on a commander thinking of little beyond staving off his own defeat. ”– Stephen W. Sears, Landscape Turned Red

The Emancipation Proclamation

1863 A Higher Cause

Emancipation in 1863

African-American Recruiting Poster

The Famous 54 th Massachusetts

August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to Col. Robert Gould Shaw & Mass. 54 th

African-Americans in Civil War Battles

Black Troops Freeing Slaves Aka. Contraband

Extensive Legislation Passed Without the South in Congress • • • 1861 – Morrill Tariff Act 1862 – Homestead Act 1862 – Legal Tender Act 1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act 1862 – Emancipation Proclamation (1/1/1863) • 1863 – Pacific Railway Act • 1863 – National Bank Act

The War in the West, 1863: Vicksburg

The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

Gettysburg Casualties

The North Initiates the Draft, 1863

Buy Your Way Out of Military Service

Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC

Recruiting Blacks in NYC

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13 -16, 1863)

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13 -16, 1863)

A “Pogrom” Against Blacks

Inflation in the South

The Peace Movement Clement Vallandigham Knights of the Golden Circle

n Democrats n n Promoted Peace End the war Didn’t care about Emancipation “To maintain the Constitution as it is, and to restore the Union as it was ” Copperheads

1864 Total War

Sherman’s “March to the Sea” Georgia, 1864

1864 Election Pres. Lincoln (R) George Mc. Clellan (D)

Presidential Election Results: 1864

The Final Virginia Campaign: 1864 -1865

1865 The End

Surrender at Appomattox April 9, 1865

Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

The Assassin John Wilkes Booth

The Assassination

WANTED!

Now He Belongs to the Ages!

The Execution

Casualties on Both Sides

Civil War Casualties in Comparison to Other Wars

The Progress of War: 1861 -1865

REVIEWING KEY POINTS OF THE CIVIL WAR

Key topic 1: Border States n Importance: n n n Strategic Location Industrial and agricultural resources Key Border States n Maryland n n Kentucky n n RR connection from North to DC Access to Mississippi Delaware n Du. Pont Gunpowder

n Key Topic 2: Antietam and Emancipation The Battle of Antietam England/France remained neutral n Lincoln issued Emancipation Proclamation n n Emancipation Proclamation Mindful of Border States n Moral Cause n Rallied abolitionists in Europe n Only freed slaves in rebellious states n Caused Copperhead movement n

Key Topic 3: Key Political Actions of the Civil War n Congressional Action National Bank Act Uniform Currency n Charter of Union-Pacific and Central Pacific RRs n Homestead Act n n Presidential Power Lincoln expanded presidential power n Suspended Habeas Corpus between DC & Philly n