Most Hebrew history is derived from one source, st 5 books of the Torah (1 Bible).
Abraham’s Geneaology HAGAR ABRAHAM Ishmael SARAH Isaac 12 Arabian Tribes Jacob Esau 12 Tribes of Israel
According to the Torah, the Hebrew/Christian God “Yahweh” promised to Abraham the land of Canaan in Palestine. (1800 BC) Abraham & his family moved from Ur in Sumer to Canaan, but the Hebrews eventually traveled to Egypt (1650 BC). Abraham and G-d had made a covenant to protect the Jews. Hebrews held the belief in only one God which made them monotheistic.
Abraham’s Journey from Ur Canaan “Promised Land” The
Abraham’s Journeys
Yahweh’s “Covenant” With His People § The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible. § The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition. The Torah
Ancient Palestine
Land of Goshen, Egypt • 1650 BCE Hebrew people move to Egypt • faced drought and famine in Canaan • Enslaved in Egypt
Moses “Prince of Egypt” “Shepherd of His People”
The Exodus 1300 -1200 BCE • Jews fled Egypt • Led by Moses • Celebrated every year at Passover • Hebrew people wandered for 40 years in Sinai Peninsula before returning to Canaan
Route of the Exodus
Moses and the 10 Commandmets A new “covenant” with Yahweh 2 nd Covenant Became the basis for law in Israel
Mount Sinai
St. Catherine’s Monastery at Mount Sinai
The Jews returned to Canaan but lived as twelve separate tribes. (1020 BC – 922 BC) – The Jewish tribes were reunited under King Saul, David, and Solomon. (962 BC) – King Solomon built the Great Temple in Jerusalem. (922 BC) After Solomon’s death, The Northern kingdom of Israel revo Return to Canaan The Jews returned to Canaan but lived as twelve separate tribes. (1020 BC – 922 BC) – The Jewish tribes were reunited under King Saul, David, and Solomon. Their new kingdom was called Israel. Saul- responsible for driving out enemies David-United tribes, established Jerusalem as the capital, and established a dynasty.
King David’s Empire
Solomon’s Kingdom (962 BC) –(922 BC) • Expanded trade • Beautified Jerusalem • Built the Great Temple in Jerusalem to house the Ark of the Covenant. • After Solomon’s death, The Northern kingdom of Israel revolted and broke off from the Southern kingdom of Judah (Judea).
Recreation of Ancient Jerusalem
King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan The First Temple
Inside the Temple Tabernacle The Arc of the Covenant
The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall
Kingdoms of Judah & Israel
• (738 BC-515 BC) – – Israel/Judah faced attacks/invasions from the Assyrians, Babylonians, and the Persians. – Solomon’s temple was destroyed by the Babylonians and many Jews forced to flee. – Persians allowed Hebrews to return however the land will be conquered and reconquered for years to come.
Israelites in Captivity
Alexander the Great & the Hellenization of the Near East
The Great Library at Alexandria. Egypt
Jerusalem: Reading the Torah
Herod the Great’s Kingdom
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