MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF VERBS
In linguistics, morphology /mɔrˈfɒlɵdʒi/ is the identification, analysis and description of the structure of a given language's morphemes and other linguistic units, such as root words, affixes, parts of speech, intonations and stresses, or implied context.
Regular and Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Most verbs are regular verbs. Regular verbs are those whose past tense and past participles are formed by adding a -d or an -ed to the end of the verb. "To roll" is a good example of a regular verb: roll, rolled Sometimes the last consonant must be doubled before adding the -ed ending. For example: plan, planned
If the verb ends with a vowel, only ‘d’ is added. For example: If the verb ends with a consonant, ‘ed’ is added. For example:
Irregular Verbs There is no formula to predict how an irregular verb will form its pasttense and past-participle forms. There are over 250 irregular verbs in English. Although they do not follow a formula, there are some fairly common irregular forms. Some of these forms are:
There is no way to tell what form an irregular verb is going to take in a changed tense; the only option for an English speaker is to commit the changes to memory. With practice, it will become a matter of habit.
ØVerbs which have the past or the present form are called FINITE verbs. ØVerbs in any other form (infinitive, -ing, or -ed) are called NONFINITE verbs. This means that verbs with tense are finite, and verbs without tense are nonfinite. The distinction between finite and nonfinite verbs is a very important one in grammar, since it affects how verbs behave in sentences.
In each of the following sentences, indicate whether the highlighted verb is finite or nonfinite. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Paul runs to work every day FINITE/NONFINITE They have run away together FINITE/NONFINITE Tim gave Paul a menacing look FINITE/NONFINITE Katie was watching TV when the phone rang FINITE/NONFINITE We found him smokingbehind the shed FINITE/NONFINITE
English has three kinds of nonfinite verbs: infinitives participles gerund
ØHe loves camping in the woods. - Here the non-finite verb is camping and it is used as a noun. These kind of non-finite verbs are called Gerunds. ØI need to go to sleep. - Here the non- finite verb phrase is to sleep, it is acting as a noun. Non-finite verbs that use ‘to’ before them are called Infinitives. ØThe sleeping dog caused a delay. - The nonfinite verbs that have ‘-ing’ or ‘-ed’ as suffixes and cause the verb to come an adjective are called Participles.
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