MONEY What is money for you everything

MONEY

What is money for you? everything other things are more important very important I just need it

Do you agree? • I have to work hard for money or I will be poor. • People respect me more if I have money. I respect people more if they have money. • I earned it the hard way, everyone else should too. • If I don't have enough money something bad will happen. • People without money are losers, not interesting, unhappy, don't have anything to offer. • People without money are better off, happier, have simpler lives, don't have as many worries. • I need a lot of money to be secure. • There is never enough money. • There is never too much money.

• note • coin • cheque/check • keep in a bank

What is money? • Money is what you earn by working and can use to buy things. Money can be in the form of notes and coins or cheques, and can be kept in a bank. – She doesn't earn very much money. – Don't spend all your money on the first day of your holiday! – The company is losing money and may have to close down. – The repairs will cost a lot of money. – We're not going on holiday this year because we're trying to save money.

What is money? • Money is what you earn by working and can use to buy things. Money can be in the form of notes and coins or cheques, and can be kept in a bank. – Could you lend me some money? – I don't want to borrow money from the bank unless I really have to. – They charge huge amounts of money for their services. – We're trying to raise money to help children with cancer. – If you are not completely satisfied with our products, we will give your money back.

money, cash, change, currency • Money is the most general word for the notes and coins that you use for buying things. – Can I borrow some money? – Put the money straight in your purse. • Use cash when you want to emphasize that you mean notes and coins, and not cheques or credit cards. – You have to pay in cash - they don't accept cheques. • Do not say “pay by cash”. Say “pay in cash”.

money, cash, change, currency • Use change when you mean money in the form of coins, or the money you get back when you pay for something with more money than it cost. – I need some change for the phone. – He left the shop without waiting for his change. • Use currency to refer to the money of a particular country. – You'll need about £ 500 worth of Japanese currency.

Cash – Thieves stole a large amount of cash, and jewellery worth £ 50, 000. • in cash – Do you have a couple of dollars in cash? – I'll write you a cheque, and you can pay me back in cash later. • pay cash (=to pay someone using notes and coins, rather than a cheque, credit card etc) – Are you paying cash for these items? – I heard she paid cash for her house back in the sixties.

Change – I hope you've got some change for the bus, because I haven't. – Check your change before leaving the shop. (=make sure you have been given the right amount) • loose change (=money in the form of coins suitable for small expenditures) – I've got £ 20 and a bit of loose change as well. • the wrong change (=when the amount of money you are given in change is incorrect) – Excuse me, I think you've given me the wrong change.

Change • small change (=coins of low value) – You'll need some small change for the telephone. • change for something (=lower value coins or notes in exchange for a coin or note of a higher value) – Does anyone have change for a five dollar bill? • $4/£ 2 etc in change (=in the form of coins) – I've got a £ 10 note and about £ 5 in change. • exact change (=the exact amount of money something costs) – This toll booth is for drivers with exact change only.

British money • The basic unit of British currency is the pound. One pound is 100 pence. • There are eight different British coins: there are one-pence coins, two-pence coins, fivepence coins, ten-pence coins, twenty-pence coins and fifty-pence coins. There also one-pound coins and two-pound coins. • Then there are five-pound notes, ten-pound notes, twenty-pound notes and fifty-pound notes.

Fill in the words • The basic ___ of British ___ is the pound. One pound is 100 ___. • There are ___ different British ___ : there are ___ -pence coins, ___ -pence coins and ___ -pence coins. There also ___ -pound coins and ___ -pound coins. • Then there are ___ -pound ___, ___ -pound notes and ___ -pound notes.

Complete the text • The ___ unit of American currency is the ___. One ___ is 100 ___. • There are five different ___: ___-cent coins, ___cent coins and ___-cent coins. • There are ___-dollar notes, ___-dollar notes and ___-dollar ___.

American money • The basic unit of American currency is the dollar. One dollar is 100 cents. • There are five different coins : one-cent coins, five-cent coins, ten-cent coins, twenty-five-cent coins and fifty-cent coins. • There are one-dollar notes, five-dollar notes, ten-dollar notes, twenty-dollar notes, fifty-dollar notes and one-hundred. Americans use “bill” dollar notes. instead of “note”

Expressions with “currency” • French/Italian/US currency – We soon got used to using Italian currency. • foreign currency – Local banks give better rates for converting your traveler's checks into foreign currency. • local currency – What's the local currency in Malta?

Expressions with “currency” • hard currency (=a currency that keeps its value in relation to other currencies, and is used for international payments) – A lot of the food grown in Mexico is exported to earn hard currency. • single currency (=the common currency used in many European Union countries) – You can argue about the single currency but you can't opt out of the European Single Market. (opt out – уклоняться)

Credit card • a small plastic card that you use to buy goods or services and pay for them later • a card issued by banks, businesses, etc. , enabling the holder to obtain goods and services on credit – We accept all major credit cards. – Many retailers offer discounts on merchandise when you open a store credit card. – My employer recently announced that we have to get a company credit card to use for expenses.

How can you get your money? earn invest gamble Get money find be given

EARN

Earn • to gain or be paid (money or other payment) in return for work or service • to receive a particular amount of money for the work that you do – He earns nearly £ 20, 000 a year. – You don't earn much money being a nurse. – He did all sorts of jobs to earn a living. – I was the only person in the house who was earning. – She was earning good money at the bank. – Chris will pay - he's earning a fortune.

Earn • to make a profit from business or from putting money in a bank etc: – The movie earned £ 7 million on its first day. – The company earned $187 million in 1998. – You could earn a higher rate of interest elsewhere. – Our finances look better if we include the profit earned on the sale of our London offices.

gain, earn, get • Do not use gain to mean 'get money for work you do'. Use earn: – How much does he earn? • Gain means to get something useful or necessary, whether or not you deserve it. – I have gained a lot of useful experience. • Use earn rather than gain to say that you get something because you deserve it. – Through hard work you will earn the respect of your colleagues. • Get can be used as a less formal way of saying gain or earn. – I get $20 an hour.

to earn a lot of money • make a fortune (=to earn a very large amount of money) – The person who invented Post-It notes must have made a fortune. • make a fortune (by) doing something – Roger makes a fortune buying and selling real estate. • make your fortune (=become rich) – Jules made his fortune in the liquor business.

to earn a lot of money • earn/make good money (=to be paid a lot of money by the person or company you work for, or a lot of money from your own business) – Milos earns good money as a foreman. – Dan is making good money now, but for years we really struggled. • be well-paid/highly-paid (=earning a lot of money) – Most engineers are very well-paid. – Dr. Singh is one of the most highly-paid surgeons in Britain. • rake it in (=informal to earn a lot of money quickly) – Athletes rake it in these days.

INVEST

Invest • invest (=to let a company, business, or bank use your money for a period of time, especially because you expect that you will get back more money than you gave) – I want to invest the money my aunt left me. – The Singapore government is interested in investing abroad. • invest in – Investing in property is no longer as safe as it used to be. – Shares in CMG Information, which invests in Internetrelated businesses, declined sharply in the spring. • invest £ 300, 000/$400/money etc in something – I invested £ 5000 in my brother's printing business.

Invest • invest heavily (=give a lot of money) – He had invested heavily in risky assets like junk bonds. • put money into (=to give money to a company or business in order to help that company develop and be successful, especially because you expect that you will make a profit) – Home-owners who put their money into building society accounts could be losing thousands each year. – The biggest bonus is that the firm didn't have to put any capital into the project.

Invest • investor (=someone who puts money into a business, company, or bank in order to make a profit in the future) – Having made the initial payment, the investor need make no further effort. • foreign investor – Foreign investors have shown considerable interest in the venture. – Most of the venture funds have come from foreign investors. • small investor (=someone with a small amount to invest) – Our financial consultants can advise the small investor. – The British Gas sale attracted 4. 5 million applications from small investors.

GAMBLE

Gamble • gamble (=to try to win money, for example by playing cards or guessing which horse will win a race) – Eddie loved to gamble, and would spend most evenings at the roulette table. • gamble away something/gamble something away (=waste a lot of money by gambling) – She inherited $50, 000 but gambled it away. • gambling (=when you try to win money, for example by playing cards or guessing which horse will win a race) – Is gambling legal here? – Crane admits that he is addicted to gambling.

Gamble • bet/have a bet (=to try to win money by guessing who will win a race or game) – I don't bet very often. • bet on something/have a bet on something (=gamble money on the result of a race or game) – Rogers was not much of a gambler. When he bet on the horses, he almost always lost. • bet £ 10/$100 etc on something – Jerry bet $1000 on the game. • place a bet (=say which horse, team, competition etc you want to gamble on and pay the money that you want to gamble) – I've placed a bet on a horse in the next race.

Gamble • put £ 10/$20 etc on (=to gamble £ 10, $20 etc on the horse or team that you think will win a race or competition) – I put $20 on the Cowboys to win. – He put £ 50 on Middlesborough to beat Manchester United at odds of 3 -1. • put a bet on something (=gamble on a horse, game etc) – I think I'll put a bet on the next race.

Gamble • back (=to gamble money on a particular horse, team, or person that you think will win a particular competition) – We backed a horse named Travelling Light that finished first at 10 -1. • back something/somebody to win something – Uncle Barry backed Arsenal to win the FA Cup. • play for money (=to gamble money on the result of a game which you are playing, for example cards) – "Are we playing for money here, gentlemen? " he said as he approached the pool table. – You're allowed to play cards in the bar, but not for money.

• Gamble to gamble a small have a flutter (on) (British informal amount of money, especially on the result of a horse race use this especially about someone who does not gamble very often) – I'm not a heavy gambler, but I like to have a flutter from time to time. – I had a little flutter on the Grand National and won £ 5. • lose money on (=to lose money by not guessing correctly the result of a game, race, or competition) – He claims that he lost the money on a dice game. • win money on (=to win money by correctly guessing the result of a game, race, or competition) – I heard that he won a lot of money on the Superbowl a few years ago.

BE GIVEN

Be given • inherit (=to receive money, property etc from someone after they have died) – Who will inherit the house when he dies? – The ten richest women in the UK all inherited their wealth. • inherit something from somebody – He inherited a fortune from his grandmother. • inheritance (=money, property etc that you receive from someone who has died) – Lucinda has to fight for her life and her inheritance in this gripping novel. – Garth doesn't work, he just lives off his inheritance.

Be given • heir (=the person who has the legal right to receive the property or title of another person when they die) – Henry died a year ago, and his heirs sold the ranch. • heir to – John was the sole heir to a vast estate. • heiress (=a woman who will receive or has received a lot of money or property when an older member of her family dies) – Marrying an heiress was always the quickest way to wealth.

Be given • receive (=to be given something, especially officially) – You will receive your credit card in approximately two weeks. • get (=to be given something without having to ask for it or pay for it) – What did you get for your birthday? – You get a free CD with this magazine. • be awarded (=to be given a prize, especially by an important organization, for something that you have achieved) – Yasunari Kawabata was the first Japanese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize for literature.

SPENDING MONEY

What do you spend your money on? FOOD OTHER THINGS CLOTHES MONEY PUBLIC UTILITIES BOOKS, MUSIC CLUBS, HOLIDAYS, CAFES,

How do you spend your money? • How much a month do you spend on food? • How often do you visit cafes, restaurants, clubs or discos? • Do you think you spend too much on unnecessary things? • Do you buy anything expensive just after you have got the salary? • Have you ever saved money in a bank? • Have you ever visited a casino? • Can you buy a fridge or a TV without getting a loan?

Spend • spend (=to use your money to pay for goods or services) – I can't afford to spend any more money this week. • spend £ 5/$10 etc – I only want to spend about $20. • spend something on something – More money should be spent on education. • spend something on somebody – Mum never spends any money on herself. – The repairs cost a lot, but it's money well spent (=a sensible way of spending money).

Spend • spend a lot (on) – You don't have to spend a lot to be fashionable - you just need a sense of style. – They must have spent a lot on their new kitchen. It's made of solid oak. • spend a lot of money – In recent years the company has spent a lot of money on new technology. • go to great expense (=to spend very large amounts of money on something important, even if it costs you more than you can afford) – The wedding was wonderful. Your parents obviously went to great expense.

Spend • go to great expense to do something – Please let us have your comments on the plans for the new offices -- we're going to great expense to get everything just right. • spare no expense (=to spend as much money as is necessary to get what you want or make something successful, without worrying about the cost) – The organizers were told to spare no expense - this was going to be the biggest show on Earth. • no expense spared – "Go out and buy whatever you want, " he said, "no expense spared!"

Spend • shell out/fork out (spoken informal =to have to spend more money on something than you think is fair or reasonable) – No, we can't afford to go to the bowling alley - I've forked out enough already today. • shell out $50/$100 etc – Insurance companies are having to shell out millions of pounds to the victims of the floods. • shell out/fork out on – I'm not shelling out any more money on this old car. It's not worth it! • shell out/fork out for – I failed my driving test and Dad said that he wasn't forking out for any more lessons for me.

Spend • go on a spending spree (informal =to spend a lot of money and buy a lot of things in a short time for enjoyment, especially when other people think this is stupid or a waste of money) – Jilly and I decided to cheer ourselves up and go on a spending spree. • money is no object (use this to say that you do not care how much money you spend on something even if it is a lot) – Simon always ordered the best. It was obvious that money was no object. • money no object – Choose whatever outfit you want - money no object!

Spend • live the high life (=to enjoy yourself by going out often and spending a lot of money, especially with rich or important people) – For several years they lived the high life with Hollywood stars and celebrities. – You've been living the high life recently, haven't you! You're always going out to clubs and fancy restaurants.

to use money to buy things • pay (=to spend £ 5, $10 etc on something because that is what it costs) – Of course you have to pay more if you want to travel in the summer. – What quality accommodation you get depends on how much you're prepared to pay. • pay for – I like your new car - how much did you pay for it? • pay £ 5/$10/a dollar etc for – They paid over $100 each for tickets. – The set meal costs £ 15 but you have to pay extra

to use money to buy things • pay out (=to spend more money on something than you want to spend or more than you think is fair) – £ 65! I don't want to pay out that much! • pay out for – You have to pay out so much money for car repairs these days. • pay out on – The idea of paying out half my salary on rent didn't sound too good. • pay out £ 5/$10 etc – Did you know that Eddy paid out nearly £ 2000 for his new computer?

to use money to buy things • give (informal =to pay a particular amount of money for something, especially when you are buying it from another person, so that the price is not fixed) – "I don't really want to spend that much. " "OK, how much are you prepared to give? " • give for – Did they give you the asking price for the house? • give (somebody) £ 5/$10 etc – He said he'd give £ 40 for the painting, so I

to use money to buy things • break into (=to start spending an amount of money that you have saved or that you were keeping for a particular purpose before you really wanted to) – We had to break into our savings to pay the hospital fees. • pay good money for (spoken =use this to talk about something you paid a reasonable price for, so you expect it to be of good quality or used properly so that your money has not been wasted) – I paid good money for that tennis racquet and it broke the first time I used it. – What's the point of paying good money for a wedding dress when I'm only going to wear it once?

to spend money quickly or carelessly • squander (=to spend all the money you have on unnecessary things instead of saving it or using it carefully) – In less than three years he had squandered the entire family fortune. – There was no money to pay the rent. They'd already squandered the little that they had. • squander on – Here's £ 50 but don't just go and squander it on beer! • blow on (informal =to spend a lot of money on something expensive and enjoyable, especially something that you do not really need) – We blew $3000 on a trip to Barbados.

• to spend money quickly or go/get through (=to spend the money that you have carelessly have nothing left) more quickly than expected, so that you – I got through all of my money in less than a month and had to get my parents to send me more. – The hotel was really expensive. We went through $3000 in the first week. • spend money like water/like there's no tomorrow (informal =to spend a lot of money very quickly and carelessly without worrying how much you are spending or how long your money will last) – Richard spends money like there's no tomorrow! Where does he get it all from? – I don't trust myself with a credit card - I spend money like water as it is.

BUYING

Buy • buy 1 (=to get something by paying money for it) – Where did you buy that dress? – It's much cheaper to buy in bulk (=buy large quantities of something). • buy somebody something – Let me buy you a drink. • buy something for somebody/something – The money will be used to buy equipment for the school. • buy (something) from somebody – It's cheaper to buy direct from the manufacturer. • buy something for $10/£ 200 etc – Dan bought the car for $2000.

Buy • buy 2 (if a sum of money buys something, it is enough to pay for it) – $50 doesn't buy much these days. • buy somebody something – $15 should buy us a pizza and a drink.

Buy • purchase (formal =to buy something - used in business and legal contracts) – Foreign investors are not permitted to purchase land. – If this product does not give complete satisfaction, please return it to the manufacturer stating when and where it was purchased. • purchase of – The loan was supposed to be used for the purchase of a house.

Buy • snap up (=to buy something immediately, especially because it is very cheap or you want it very much, and you are worried that someone else might buy it first) – Readers have snapped up nearly 200, 000 copies of the book. – The best bargains tend to be snapped up immediately. • snap something up – If you see one for under $100, snap it up!

Buy • pick up (=to buy something that you have found by chance, especially something that is unusually cheap) – He's hoping to pick up a few bargains at the sales. – It's just a little thing I picked up when I was in Kathmandu. • pick something up – That picture? Oh, I picked it up last week at a little shop downtown.

Buy • splash out on/splurge (on something) (to buy something you want such as an expensive meal, dress etc, which you would not usually buy because it is too expensive) – We splashed out on a bottle of champagne to celebrate her promotion. – Let's splurge and have the steak.

Buy • acquire (formal =to become the owner of something such as land, a company, or a valuable object) – In 1998 the business was acquired by a Dutch company. – The statue was acquired at great expense by the City Corporation. – Robinson spent $20 million to acquire the symphony hall. • acquisition (the act of getting land, power, money etc) – The National Gallery has set aside £ 10 million for the acquisition of the painting.

Buyer • buyer (=someone who buys something expensive such as a house, company, or painting, usually from another person, not a shop or company) – We couldn't find a buyer for our house, so we weren't able to move after all. – They've had a lot of enquiries about the company - there's no shortage of potential buyers. – There were several potential buyers. – We offer discounts for first-time buyers (=someone who is buying a house or an

Buyer • customer (=someone who buys goods from a particular shop, restaurant, or company) – We don't get many customers on Mondays Saturday is our busiest day. – The barman was serving the last customer of the evening. – Ford has launched a big sales campaign in an effort to bring in new customers. • biggest customer (=the customer who buys the most goods) – The Defense Department is one of Lockheed's biggest regular customers.

Buyer • shoppers (=the people in a shop or town who are buying things) – The streets were crowded with Christmas shoppers. • client (=someone who pays for services or advice from a professional person or organization) – The firm is one of our oldest clients - we don't want to lose them. • clientele (=the people who regularly use a particular shop, restaurant etc, or the services of a professional person) – The hotel's clientele includes diplomats and Hollywood celebrities. – Madame Zara caters for a very select clientele.

Buyer • consumer (=someone who buys and uses goods and services - use this especially to talk about people who buy things in general) – The consumer is interested in high quality goods, not just low prices. • market (=the number of people who want to buy a product, or the type of people who want to buy it) – The magazine is aimed at the youth market. – Without research we can't be sure of the size of our market or even who our market is. • market for – The market for Internet-based products has grown dramatically in recent years.

DIALOGUES

• • What is the exchange rate? Clerk: Toronto Dominion. Jack: I have a question about the exchange rates. Clerk: Yes? Jack: I need the rate for Canadian dollars to British pounds. Clerk: Dollars to pounds or pounds to dollars? Jack: I’m buying pounds. Clerk: Well, the rate today is two dollars thirty-six to one pound. • Jack: $2. 36 to the pound? So the dollar has been gaining against the pound. exchange rates – обменный курс • Clerk: That’s right. the dollar has been • Jack: Thank you very much. gaining against the pound – доллар продолжает расти по отношению к фунту

Learn the words • identify – устанавливать личность • identification – документ, удостоверяющий личность • make them out – написать • denomination – достоинство • sign – подписывать • percent – процент • some sort of smth – какой-нибудь • What’s the service charge? =What’s the commission?

I want to buy some traveler’s checks • Mary: I want to buy some traveler’s checks. Can I pay for them with a Eurocheque? • Teller: A Eurocheque? Yes, that’s fine. But you have to show me sort of identification. • Mary: Certainly. Here’s my passport. I’d like to write three checks for one hundred pounds each. • Teller: Good. Just make them out to chase Manhattan Bank. What denomination would you like? • Mary: Fifty-dollar checks will be fine. What’s the service charge? • Teller: Two percent. • Mary: Thank you. • Teller: Here are your checks. Sign each check here. • Mary: Thank you.

Guess the meaning • mortgage – an agreement under which a person borrows money to buy property, especially a house, and the lender may take possession of the property if the borrower fails to repay the money • salary – a fixed regular payment made by an employer, often monthly, for professional or office work as opposed to manual work • property – something of value, either tangible (вещественный), such as land, or intangible,

• • Learn the words discuss – обсуждать mortgage – закладная loan – заем, ссуда find out – выяснять rent – снимать salary – зарплата collateral – собственность клиента, которую может взять банк в случае, если клиент не может выплатить банку долг • an income tax – подоходный налог • property – собственность • pay back – выплатить • stocks – акции • bonds – облигации • shareholder – акционер • payment – взнос • fill out – заполнять • board – руководство

I’d like to discuss a mortgage • • • Tom wants to buy a house. He comes to the bank to discuss a mortgage with a loan officer. L. O. : Can I help you? Sit down, please. Tom: You see, I’m planning to buy a house. And I’d like to find out about a mortgage. L. O. : I have to ask you some questions. Where do you live now? Tom: I’m renting an apartment. L. O. : How old are you? Tom: I’m twenty-five. L. O. : What’s your occupation? Tom: I’m a Sales manager in a computer company. L. O. : What’s your salary? Tom: Now I make $60, 000 a year.

I’d like to discuss a mortgage • L. O. : Now, what about an income tax? I’d like to see your last year’s tax forms. • Tom: Yes, certainly. Here they are. • L. O. : Do you have any collateral? • Tom: What’s that? • L. O. : Collateral is the property that we can take from you if you can’t pay back the loan. It may be stocks or bonds. Do you own any stocks or bonds? • Tom: Oh, yes. I’m one of the shareholders of our company. • L. O. : That’s fine. Are ready to make a ten-percent down payment? • Tom: Yes. • L. O. : OK. Fill out these forms and come next week. I am to discuss it with the board. • Tom: Thank you. Good-bye.

Property to buy property — приобретать имущество • • to confiscate property — конфисковывать имущество • to seize property — налагать арест на имущество • to inherit property — получить собственность по наследству • to lease/rent property — сдавать/брать имущество в внаем, в аренду • to reclaim property — вернуть себе/получить/взять обратно утраченное имущество • to recover stolen property — возвращать украденные вещи • to sell property — продавать собственность • to transfer property — передавать имущество

Loan to float a loan — размещать заём • • to raise a loan — сделать заём • to negotiate a loan — договариваться об условиях займа • to get/receive a loan — получить ссуду • to make a loan — взять ссуду • to pay off/repay a loan — вернуть ссуду • to secure a loan — обеспечить ссуду • interest-free loan — беспроцентная ссуда • long-term loan — долгосрочная ссуда • low-interest loan — ссуда под низкий процент • short-term loan — краткосрочная ссуда • student loan — студенческий заём

Salary • annual salary — годовая зарплата • handsome salary — хорошая зарплата • meager/modest salary — скромное, скудное жалованье • to boost/raise salaries — поднимать зарплату • to draw/earn/get/receive a salary — получать зарплату • to cut/reduce/slash salaries — урезать, сокращать зарплату, оклад • to negotiate a salary — договариваться о зарплате • to pay a salary — платить зарплату • fixed salary — твёрдый оклад, фиксированная

What would you do if you had $1, 000? If I had $1, 000, I would…

Listening • • • salary not in the same league pay rate astronomical telephone numbers digit step out of their trailer on location take a pay cut reduction pricing themselves out in the market

Let’s sing a song about money!

ABBA – Money, money I work all night, I work all day, to pay the bills I have to pay Ain't it sad And still there never seems to be a single penny left for me That's too bad In my dreams I have a plan If I got me a wealthy man I wouldn't have to work at all, I'd fool around and have a ball. . .

ABBA – Money, money, money Must be funny In the rich man's world Money, money Always sunny In the rich man's world Aha-ahaaa All the things I could do If I had a little money It's a rich man's world

ABBA – Money, money A man like that is hard to find but I can't get him off my mind Ain't it sad And if he happens to be free I bet he wouldn't fancy me That's too bad So I must leave, I'll have to go To Las Vegas or Monaco And win a fortune in a game, my life will never be the same. . .

ABBA – Money, money, money Must be funny In the rich man's world Money, money Always sunny In the rich man's world Aha-ahaaa All the things I could do If I had a little money It's a rich man's world