MODIS Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer National-Scale Remote Sensing Imagery

MODIS: Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer National-Scale Remote Sensing Imagery for Natural Resource Applications Mark Finco Remote Sensing Applications Center Salt Lake City, UT http: //fsweb. rsac. fs. fed. us (801) 975 -3750

Briefing Overview l l l Objectives & Deliverables Brief Technical Description of MODIS Selected Applications w w w Fire Information Support Rangeland Monitoring Land Cover Change Estimated % Canopy Cover

Objectives l Utilize new remote sensing system to provide quick response imagery and geospatial resource information to support : w w National-scale reporting and mapping (e. g. , burn areas/severity) Effectiveness monitoring of watershed restoration and rehabilitation work National scale strategic planning – restoration prioritization and asset allocation Regional and forest scale analysis where vegetation and landcover change information is required

Actions and Deliverables l Establish MODIS satellite downlink and data processing capability at RSAC – GSTC l Provide MODIS imagery and GIS data to field offices via Geospatial Data Clearinghouse l Continue development of MODIS image processing algorithms in cooperation with NASA, universities and Forest Service geospatial data users l Provide training and technical support

MODIS (MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)

MODIS Characteristics l l MODIS utilizes latest technology, sensor specifically designed for vegetation, landcover and burn area mapping MODIS images 2, 300 km swath in single pass Single MODIS satellite images same location on the ground every two days Two MODIS satellites will be operational early 2001 – second system will provide daily coverage

MODIS Orbital Characteristics l l l Terra Platform – EOS AM 1 Aqua Platform – EOS PM 1 705 km, Near-polar, Sun Synchronous ~2300 km Swath Width 1 to 2 day revisit

MODIS Sensor Characteristics l l l Red / NIR @ 250 -meters 5 Visible to Mid-IR Bands @ 500 -meters 29 Visible to Thermal IR @ 1 -km Spectral Property Summary l l Narrow Spectral Width High Dynamic Range (12 -bit) Multiple Thermal Bands Sophisticated Onboard Calibration Comparison of Landsat 7 and MODIS Bands 1 -7

Summary: MODIS / Landsat Comparison MODIS Revisit Period Observations per Visit Swath Width Spatial Resolution Number of Spectral Bands Dynamic Range Observation to Application Latency Landsat 7 1 -day 16 -day 2 day time / 2 night time 1 daytime ~2300 km ~185 km 250 / 500 / 1000 meters 30 / 15 meters 36 Total 8 Total 12 -bit (4096) 8 -bit (256) ~12 hours 2 - 3 weeks MODIS : Unique Niche in Earth Observing Systems & Opens the Door to New Natural Resource Applications

Comparison of MODIS & AVHRR

MODIS Direct Readout l l l Facilitates applications that require near realtime imagery Wider use of data Moderate cost solution

Proposed USDA Forest MODIS Applications Network Terra (Aqua) Spacecraft Direct Broadcast Workstation GPS Timing System Level 0 Processing • Antenna Control and Programming • Tunable X-band Down Converter • Demodulation and Frame Synchronization • Assembly of Level 0 product 3. 1 -meter X-band Antenna Broadband Virtual Network Connection (< 60 min. lag) Fi. SL Image Processing Workstation Level 1 b Processing • Level 0 Reformatting • Geolocation using Ephemeris and Attitude • Calibration to top-ofatmosphere radiance Ethernet LAN RSAC Image Processing Workstation Level 2 & 3 Processing (Fi. SL) Level 2 & 3 Processing (RSAC) Algorithm Development • Enhanced Active Fire • Smoke Dispersion Existing MODLand Products • MOD 09 - MOD 13 MOD 14 Algorithm Development • Burned Severity / Intensity Watershed Assessment Support LANDFIRE Support? Strategic Fire Management Support RAID Automated Tape Backup

MODIS fire mapping Montana Fires August 23, 2000

MODIS fire mapping Montana & Idaho Fires September 26, 2000

MODIS Support for Rangeland Management l Monitor daily rangeland changes: w w l Improves forage production estimates Improves rangeland cover mapping capabilities Identify annual trends in rangeland production: w Develop guidelines for sustainable range management 1 year sequence of “greeness” images

MODIS Vegetative Cover Conversion l Alarm for where rapid land cover conversion l Multiple change detection algorithms l 250 -meter Spatial Resolution

Annual Landcover Map l l l MODIS-Derived 1 -km Spatial Resolution IGBM Classification Prototype of Annual Land Cover Map

Vegetation Continuous Fields (VCF) – Tree Cover

VCF – North West CONUS Treecover

VCF – Idaho Tree Cover