Modern Georgia SS 8 H 10 SS 8

Modern Georgia SS 8 H 10, SS 8 H 11, & SS 8 H 12

SS 8 H 10 The student will evaluate key post-World War II developments of Georgia from 1945 to 1970. a. Analyze the impact of the transformation of agriculture on Georgia’s growth. b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr. , and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. c. Discuss the impact of Ellis Arnall.

a. Analyze the impact of the transformation of agriculture on Georgia’s growth. After WWII, agriculture was no longer dominate… people moved away from farms to work in wartime industries. Synthetic fabrics such as rayon and nylon were introduced which lowered the demand for cotton.

a. Analyze the impact of the transformation of agriculture on Georgia’s growth. Trees and row crops such as peanuts, soybeans, and corn were planted in place of cotton. Poultry became an important agriculture product. Farmer machinery meant less farm employees were needed. n By 1970, 60% of Georgia’s population lived in cities.

a. b. c. d. What was the most important crop in Georgia before World War II? Blueberries Cotton Peanuts Soybeans

a. b. c. d. What led to the decline in the demand for cotton? The demand for poultry The introduction of farm machinery The introduction of synthetic fabrics such as rayon and nylon The increase in city population

a. b. c. d. After World War II, one of Georgia’s most important agricultural products was Cattle Goats Poultry Sheep

Which crop is grown only in northwest Georgia? a. Berries b. Cotton c. Peanuts d. Soybeans

Where is the poultry industry concentrated? a. Central Georgia b. Coastal Georgia c. South Georgia d. North Georgia

What is produced along the Savannah River? a. Beef Cattle b. Pecans c. Soybeans d. Sugar cane

b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr. , and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. Mayor of Atlanta for 6 terms (19371941, 1942 -1961… defeated by Le. Craw who joined the military and was then re-elected in 1942) Known for making Atlanta an aviation hub of the Southeast… Hartsfield. Jackson Atlanta International Airport

b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr. , and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. Hartsfield also led the city in the area of Civil Rights. In 1946 after the end of the white primaries, he organized a biracial coalition that included Dr. Martin Luther King in which African American leaders worked on voter registration drives. 1948 - hired 8 African American police officers for restricted duties. 1958 - asked the state to allow Atlantans to decided whether or not to keep integrated schools open. At the time, the state was refusing to fund integrated schools. The citizens supported keeping the public schools of Atlanta open.

b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr. , and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. In 1961, 9 African American students integrated four previously all-white high schools without incident. In 1960, Dr. King organized sit-ins at Atlanta cafeterias. Within months, the local chamber of commerce joined Mayor Hartsfield and local African American leaders in ending lunch counter segregation.

a. b. c. d. Under the administration of William Hartsfield, racial moderation in Atlanta included the integration of Aviation Fire Department Lunch Counters Theaters

a. b. c. d. What was the issue for which William Hartsfield is best remembered? Business Education Aviation Tax reform

b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr. , and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. Mayor of Atlanta from 1962 to 1970 Continued Hartsfield approach to peaceful integration. On the day he took office, he ordered the removal of “colored” and “white” signs from entrances and exits to City Hall Removed restrictions on African American policemen and the integration of the city’s fire department and government.

b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr. , and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. Allen worked to bring the Atlanta Braves to the city. He worked to build Atlanta Stadium for a team and then convinced the team to move from Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He also helped to bring major league football and basketball teams to the city in the late 1960 s.

Integrating city government and fire departments Reducing restrictions on African Amerian police officers Removing Colored and White Signs in Altanta’s City Hall a. b. c. d. These accomplishments were implemented by which mayor Ivan Allen William Hartsfield Sam Massell Andrew Young

a. b. c. d. Who was the mayor of Atlanta responsible for bringing professional athletic teams to the city? Ivan Allen William Hartsfield Maynard Jackson Lester Maddox

b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr. , and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. Milwaukee Braves moved to Atlanta and played their first game in 1966. That same year, the new Atlanta Falcons football team also began playing there. Atlanta Hawks started in 1968 moving from St. Louis Missouri. 1972 -1980 Atlanta Flames… 1997 Thrashers Atlanta Dream- Women’s basketball Atlanta Silverbacks… men and women’s soccer

b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr. , and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. Sports have raised the prestige of the city and generated millions of dollars in revenue each year. Hank Aaron hit homerun #715 on April 8, 1974 in Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium breaking the record of Babe Ruth… this record stood until 2007. Braves won the World Series in 1995. Played in it in 1996 and 1999 losing both times to the New York Yankees. Ted Turner has owned the Atlanta Braves, Hawks, and Thrashers… He also owned TBS which aired many of the games during the time of his ownership.

Why did Atlanta business and civic leaders of the 1960 s decide to bring professional sports teams to Atlanta? a. To boost the ratings of ESPN and other television sports shows b. To give outstanding athletes opportunities to play sports c. To improve Atlanta’s image as a major American city d. To give the people something to do for entertainment

a. b. c. d. Which member of the Atlanta Braves broke Babe Ruth’s career homerun record? Chipper Jones Phil Niekro John Smoltz Hank Aaron

a. b. c. d. Which team brought a national championship win in Georgia professional sports? Atlanta Hawks Atlanta Braves Atlanta Falcons Atlanta Thrashers

c. Discuss the impact of Ellis Arnall. Became governor in 1942… was the youngest governor in nation. First governor to serve a four year term… could only serve 1 four year term consecutively… n constitutional amendment passed… before served two year terms

c. Discuss the impact of Ellis Arnall. Corrected problems with university accreditation that happened during Eugene Talmadge’s term. n n n Removed Board of Regents so that it was no longer under control of governor’s office. Terms of regents were staggered so that always had experienced members serving. These actions led the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools to restore accreditation to Georgia’s colleges and universities.

c. Discuss the impact of Ellis Arnall. Removed prison system from governor’s control and established Board of Corrections and Board of Pardons and Parole. Abolished poll tax Best know for leading Georgia to be the first state in the nation to grant 18 year olds the right to vote… argued that 18 is old enough to fight in WWII and should be old enough to vote for their countries leadership. Ran again for governor in 1966, but lost to Lester Maddox in the primary election.

a. b. c. d. The first governor to serve a four year term was Lester Maddox Ellis Arnall Ted Turner Ivan Allen

a. b. c. d. Which state agency was removed from control of the governor’s office under the administration of Ellis Arnall? Department of Natural Resources Department of Revenue Board of Public Safety Board of Regents

a. b. c. d. Who defeated Arnall in the primary election when he attempted to become governor again in 1966? Carl Sanders Lester Maddox Ivan Allen William Hartsfield

SS 8 H 11 The student will evaluate the role of Georgia in the modern civil rights movement. a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. b. Analyze the role Georgia and prominent Georgians played in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960 s and 1970 s; include such events as the founding of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Sibley Commission, admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to the University of Georgia, Albany Movement, March on Washington, Civil Rights Act, the election of Maynard Jackson as mayor of Atlanta, and the role of Lester Maddox. c. Discuss the impact of Andrew Young on Georgia.

a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. Educator President of Morehouse College Chairman of Atlanta Board of Education Mentor to Martin Luther King, Jr.

a. b. c. d. What office did Benjamin Mays hold? State legislator Mayor of Atlanta Governor of Georgia Atlanta Board of Education member

a. b. c. d. Benjamin Mays served as a mentor to Maynard Jackson Martin Luther King Jr. Rosa Parks Andrew Young

a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. Fifteenth Amendment guaranteed blacks the right to vote. The state legislature took this to apply to the general election only. Only white Democrats could vote in primary elections starting after Reconstruction. Because Republican and Independent candidates got little support from whites and rarely ran for office. Georgia was essentially a one -party state. Candidates were selected during the primary and were the winners of the general election. In 1946, the U. S. Supreme Court ruled in King v. Chapman that the white primary system in Georgia was unconstitutional. In 1946, black voters were able to take part in the primary election for the first time since reconstruction.

The purpose of the white primary was to a. Help blacks get elected to statewide public office. b. Keep blacks from having input into the party nominees. c. Allow blacks to have more influence in the general election. d. Promote voting by blacks in the early stages of the electoral process.

a. b. c. d. Under the white primary election system, only whites were allowed To vote in primary elections To vote in statewide elections To belong to the Democratic party To run for political office in Georgia

a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. Three candidtates… Eugene Talmadge Eurith Rivers, and James Carmichael n Carmichael won popular vote n Talmadge won county unit vote and became Democratic candidate. n No Republican candidate. Talmadge was older and in poor health. Advisors were afraid he would not live to serve his term and came up with a secret plan. n A few hundred supporters were selected to write in the name Herman Talmadge on the ballot. n Eugene Talmadge was Governor n Melvin Thompson was Lt. Governor

a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. Eugene Talmadge died before being sworn in. Legislature chose Herman Talmadge as governor. Governor Arnall declared Lt. Governor Melvin Thompson was the successor. Eugene Talmadge’s men broke into office and changed the locks. Lt. Governor Thompson opened office in downtown Atlanta and began legal proceedings to become governor. Georgia government was in chaos and the focus of national media. Georgia Supreme Court finally ruled that Thompson was the rightful head of state until a special election could be held in 1948.

When Eugene Talmadge died in 1946 before taking office for his fourth term as governor, who became governor? a. The previous governor remained governor. b. Three people claimed to be governor. c. Georgia’s lieutenant governor became governor. d. The speaker of the General Assembly became governor.

The famous controversy surrounding the 1946 election for governor came about because a. Two men got the same number of votes for governor b. Herman Talmadge and Eugene Talmadge were on the same ballot c. Eugene Talmadge died before taking office, and two men claimed the office. d. Carmichael got more popular votes, and Talmadge got more county unit votes.

a. b. c. d. In the 1946 Democratic primary for governor, who received the largest popular vote? Lester Maddox James Carmichael Eugene Talmadge Herman Talmadge

a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. Won the special election for governor in 1948 and was re-elected in 1950. Segregationist Opposed attempts to integrate GA’s public schools. n Promised voters he would bring back white primary n

a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. Started the first sales tax in Georgia Was used to improve public school systems n Expanded schools to include grades 1 -12 n Lengthened to the school year to 9 months. n Raised standards for buildings, equiptment, transportation, and school curriculum. n

What factor enabled Herman Talmadge to be elected governor of Georgia in 1950? a. His support for wealthy businessmen b. His campaign style and popularity c. His position on segregation and voting rights d. His victory in the 1948 special election for governor

a. b. c. d. In what area did Herman Talmadge make his greatest contributions as governor? Attracting new business Voting rights Tax reform Education

Herman Talmadge’s 3% sales tax was passed primarily to fund a. School improvements such as a lengthened school year b. Georgia’s part in the Interstate Highway System c. The purchase of Jekyll Island as a state park d. The creation of county health departments

a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. In 1950, seven-year-old Linda Brown, a black student, tried to enroll in an all-white school in Topeka, Kansas. When entry was denied, the NAACP helped Brown’s father sue the Topeka Board of Education. n Brown v. Board of Education In 1954, court ruled that separate-but-equal schools were unconstitutional. 60 years of court approved segregation was overturned… many states were slow to carry out its orders.

What was the ruling in the U. S. Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education? a. Schools would be segregated and kept separate. b. The separate but equal policy was unconstitutional c. Black schools would get more money for books and teachers d. Blacks could only attend white schools if there was space available

a. b. c. d. What earlier U. S. Supreme Court decision did the ruling of Brown v. Board of Education overturn? Cummings v. Richmond County Board of Education Dred Scott Case Plessy v. Ferguson Worchester v. Georgia

a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. Attending Morehouse College Became very interested in Mahatma Gandhi’s nonviolent approach to bring about social change. Believed in a four step approach to gaining civil rights for all Americans 1. 2. 3. 4. Direct and nonviolent actions Legal remedies Ballots Economic boycotts

a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. He organized protests and boycotts. He gave his “I Have a Dream” speech during the March on Washington Earned numerous awards and recognition for his civil rights work. Time’s 1963 Man of the Year n Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 n Assassinated on April 4, 1968

a. b. c. d. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. favored bringing about social change through Unity Democracy Compromise Nonviolence

a. b. c. d. Which approach did Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. NOT use to gain equality and civil rights for all citizens? Econimc boycotts of businesses that did not treat all citizens fairly Direct and nonviolent actions such as marches, protests, and demonstrations. Aggressive pursuit of black power through protests, riots, demonstrations, and political organization Legal actions against individuals and businesses that violated the civil rights of individuals based on race

a. Describe major developments in civil rights and Georgia’s role during the 1940 s and 1950 s; include the roles of Herman Talmadge, Benjamin Mays, the 1946 governor’s race and the end of the white primary, Brown v. Board of Education, Martin Luther King, Jr. , and the 1956 state flag. Georgia’s flag was changed to include the Confederate battle flag’s symbols of stars and bars. Viewed as a statement against Brown v. Board of Education. Georgia’s political leaders did not support Brown v. Board of Education and believed that the state government should impose “massive resistance” Georgia Representative Denmark Groover said that the new flag “will show that we in Georgia intend to uphold what we stood for, will stand for, and will fight for. ” The past that Groover refers to is the Civil War, when Georgia fought, among other causes, to continue legalized slavery.

a. b. c. d. In 1956, the Georgia state flag was changed to include The Board of Regents A skull and crossbones Three cornstalks The Confederate battle flag

a. b. c. d. The Georgia flag was changed in 1956 in response to The outcome of the Civil War Brown v. Board of Education Boycotts of Atlanta lunch counters Integration of Atlanta government

b. Analyze the role Georgia and prominent Georgians played in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960 s and 1970 s; include such events as the founding of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Sibley Commission, admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to the University of Georgia, Albany Movement, March on Washington, Civil Rights Act, the election of Maynard Jackson as mayor of Atlanta, and the role of Lester Maddox. Students started sit-ins at lunch counters… people enter a public building and refuse to leave until they are served or their demands are met. (They were often refused service, but sit-ins spread throughout the South). The success of some of the early student sit-ins led to the organization of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee… SNCC (pronounced Snick)… first president was John Lewis of GA Grouped worked to help blacks to register, led protests, sit-ins at lunch counters, and boycotts of businesses that would not serve blacks.

a. b. c. d. What organization was founded two months after the 1960 sit-in at the Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina? CORE NAACP SCLC SNCC

a. b. c. d. Who was the first president of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee? Maynard Jackson Dr. Martin Luther King H Rap Brown John Lewis

b. Analyze the role Georgia and prominent Georgians played in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960 s and 1970 s; include such events as the founding of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Sibley Commission, admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to the University of Georgia, Albany Movement, March on Washington, Civil Rights Act, the election of Maynard Jackson as mayor of Atlanta, and the role of Lester Maddox. Most of Georgia’s state school systems refused desegregation… the General Assembly voted in 1955 to cut off state funds to any system that integrated its schools. By 1960, the General Assembly realized that change was going to happen and organized a 14 member commission, headed by Atlanta attorney and banker, John Sibley, to study the problem of integration.

b. Analyze the role Georgia and prominent Georgians played in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960 s and 1970 s; include such events as the founding of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Sibley Commission, admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to the University of Georgia, Albany Movement, March on Washington, Civil Rights Act, the election of Maynard Jackson as mayor of Atlanta, and the role of Lester Maddox. The Sibley Commission held hearings all over Georgia to learn how public felt about integration. By a 3 to 2 margin, Georgian said they would rather close the schools than integrate them. The commission recommended that local school systems be allowed to decide if they would abide by court orders to integrate or close them. Many private schools were opened to avoid the issue.

a. b. c. d. Which statement does NOT illustrate Georgia’s initial reaction to the Brown v. Board of Education decision of the U. S. Supreme Court? The governor pledged not to integrate the state’s schools. Georgia citizens voted 3 to 2 to close schools rather than integrate them. The General Assembly voted to cut off state funds to any schools that desegregated. The Sibley Commission traveled throughout the state encouraging the peaceful desegregation of schools.

The purpose of the Sibley Commission was to a. Study the problem of school integration b. Develop a plan for securing jobs for blacks c. Set up a series of meetings to bring blacks and whites together d. Make recommendations for desegregation in public transportation

The Sibley Commission recommended a. Integrating Georgia’s public transportation system b. Making proposals to the legislature to address racial issues c. Establishing a quota system to ensure the hiring of black workers d. Allowing local school systems to decide if they wanted integration

b. Analyze the role Georgia and prominent Georgians played in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960 s and 1970 s; include such events as the founding of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Sibley Commission, admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to the University of Georgia, Albany Movement, March on Washington, Civil Rights Act, the election of Maynard Jackson as mayor of Atlanta, and the role of Lester Maddox. On January 6, 1961, the University of Georgia allowed its first two black students. n University alumni and politicians pleaded to close the university rather than allow the two to enroll. Governor Vandiver who had originally pledged not to integrate Georgia’s schools when he was running for office, later admitted that he had been wrong in his pre-election speeches.

a. b. c. d. Who were the first two blacks to admitted to the University of Georgia? Hamilton Holmes Maynard Jackson Charlayne Hunter Lester Maddox

a. b. c. d. Who was the governor of Georgia when the first black students were admitted to the University of Georgia? Lester Maddox Herman Talmadge Ernest Vandiver Ed Rivers

b. Analyze the role Georgia and prominent Georgians played in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960 s and 1970 s; include such events as the founding of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Sibley Commission, admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to the University of Georgia, Albany Movement, March on Washington, Civil Rights Act, the election of Maynard Jackson as mayor of Atlanta, and the role of Lester Maddox. Albany was a center of Civil Rights Activity in 1961. n Six years of Brown v. Board of Education, Albany schools were still segregated. n Only a small number of African Americans were allowed to register to vote. n The Interstate Commerce Commission prohibited segregation in interstate bus and train stations. NAACP and SNCC decided to test by sitting in the whites only waiting room at the bus station. They were arrested… this led to the start of the Albany Movement. Many came to Albany to continue the protest at the bus and train stations… 500 in total were arrested or out on bond at one time (Dr. King was among those arrested). A biracial committee was eventually formed to study concerns of the African American community in Albany.

The focus of the Albany Movement in Georgia was to a. End segregation of public schools in Albany b. Integrate interstate bus station waiting rooms in Albany c. Implement a first come first served policy on Albany buses. d. Force the hiring of African American bus drivers for Albany’s bus station.

a. b. c. d. Which African American group was involved with the Albany Movement? CORE Interstate Commerce Commission Montgomery Improvement Association SNCC

b. Analyze the role Georgia and prominent Georgians played in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960 s and 1970 s; include such events as the founding of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Sibley Commission, admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to the University of Georgia, Albany Movement, March on Washington, Civil Rights Act, the election of Maynard Jackson as mayor of Atlanta, and the role of Lester Maddox. President John F. Kennedy sent the strongest civil rights bill in history to Congress on June 19, 1963. Congress was taking its time with the bill. As a result, on August 28, 1963, over 250, 000 people representing all races and nationalities gathered before the Washington Monument to demonstrate for its passage. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his “I Have a Dream Speech” from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial.

a. b. c. d. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr’s “I Have a Dream” speech is associated with the Montgomery bus boycott March on Washington Letters from Birmingham Jail Eulogy given at the funeral of Dr. King

a. b. c. d. The march on Washington was intended to Urge the passage of a civil rights bill Extend the Montgomery bus boycott Integrate the D. C. public schools Honor the memory of slain civil rights workers

b. Analyze the role Georgia and prominent Georgians played in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960 s and 1970 s; include such events as the founding of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Sibley Commission, admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to the University of Georgia, Albany Movement, March on Washington, Civil Rights Act, the election of Maynard Jackson as mayor of Atlanta, and the role of Lester Maddox. Proposed by John F. Kennedy… he was assassinated before the bill became law. Lyndon Johnson continued to fight for its passage… became law in 1964. n n n Made segregation of all public facilities illegal… included restaurants, theaters, hotels, public recreational areas, schools, and libraries. Federal funds could be withheld from schools that refused to integrate. Prohibited discrimination in businesses and labor unions.

a. b. c. d. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 did NOT integrate Public recreational areas Restaurants Churches Hotels

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 do? a. It named black principals at previously all -white schools b. It gave more state tax money to schools that did not integrate c. It withheld federal funds from schools that did not end segregation d. It provided armed escorts for students wanting to attend white schools

b. Analyze the role Georgia and prominent Georgians played in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960 s and 1970 s; include such events as the founding of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Sibley Commission, admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to the University of Georgia, Albany Movement, March on Washington, Civil Rights Act, the election of Maynard Jackson as mayor of Atlanta, and the role of Lester Maddox. January of 1974 became Atlanta’s first African American mayor. Created neighborhood planning units the give local communities a voice in politics. Led the development and expansion of MARTA Expanded Hartsfield into one of the largest and busiest airports in the world. Supported the arts… city hall, MARTA, and Hartsfield were all used to display art. Even restored the Cyclorama Led efforts to secure 1996 Olympics.

a. b. c. d. Who was the first African American mayor of Atlanta? Maynard Jackson Herman Talmadge Hamilton Holmes Andrew Young

Increased programs for the arts Addressed the need to expand the airport Led efforts to have the Olympics in Atlanta a. b. c. d. Which mayor promoted these improvements for the city? Ivan Allen Maynard Jackson Sam Massell Andrew Young

b. Analyze the role Georgia and prominent Georgians played in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960 s and 1970 s; include such events as the founding of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Sibley Commission, admission of Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter to the University of Georgia, Albany Movement, March on Washington, Civil Rights Act, the election of Maynard Jackson as mayor of Atlanta, and the role of Lester Maddox. Became famous for closing his restaurant in Atlanta rather than desegregate it. Became governor of Georgia in 1967. n No candidate received majority in Democratic primary… he won in runoff against former governor Ellis Arnall. n Faced Republican Howard Bo Callaway had more votes, but a write-in campaign former governor Arnall prevented Callaway from getting the majority. n Election then went to Democratic legislature that selected Maddox. Surprised many by appointing more African Americans to state boards and commissions than all prior governors combined. Reformed state prisons and integrated State Patrol. Increased spending on teacher salaries and higher education. Established “Peoples Days” so Georgians could visit the governor’s mansion to talk about anything they wished. Could not run again so he ran and became lieutenant governor in 1970.

What did Lester Maddox accomplish as governor? a. Started the lottery and Hope scholarship b. Decreased funding to public schools and the arts c. Changed the state flag to remove the Confederate symbols d. Appointed more African Americans to state boards than all prior governors combined

a. b. c. d. How did Lester Maddox get input from the voters? Monthly luncheons People’s Days Statewide caravans Suggestion boxes

a. b. c. d. Which governor won office by being elected by the General Assembly rather than the people? Ellis Arnall Roy Barnes Lester Maddox Zell Miller

c. Discuss the impact of Andrew Young on Georgia. Civil Rights leaders… Started “Citizenship Schools” which taught nonviolent organization strategies to potential black leaders. Was was a trusted aide to Martin Luther King Jr. and was with him when he was assassinated. Elected to U. S. House of Representatives in 1972, the first African American since Reconstruction. U. S. Ambassador to the United Nations in 1977. Served two terms as mayor of Atlanta starting in 1981. Helped bring the 1996 Olympics to Atlanta.

Andrew Young helped establish citizenship schools which taught a. Young blacks their rights of citizenship b. Nonviolent organization strategies to potential leaders c. The art of campaigning to potential black leaders d. The basic principals found in the U. S. Constitution to high school students

Which event was a significant event in Andrew Young’s political career? a. He was involved in the stock market after he left the ministry b. He was the youngest African American governor to be elected in Georgia c. He was the first African American to graduate from the University of Georgia d. He was the first African American since Reconstruction to be elected to the House of Representatives from Georgia

SS 8 H 12 The student will explain the importance of significant social, economic, and political developments in Georgia since 1970. a. Evaluate the consequences of the end of the county unit system and reapportionment. b. Describe the role of Jimmy Carter in Georgia as state senator, governor, president, and past president. c. Analyze the impact of the rise of the two-party system in Georgia. d. Evaluate the effect of the 1996 Olympic Games on Georgia. e. Evaluate the importance of new immigrant communities to the growth and economy of Georgia.

a. Evaluate the consequences of the end of the county unit system and reapportionment. In the 1960 s, two rulings by the federal district court brought dramatic change to Georgia’s political structure. In April of 1962, the Georgia court ruled that the county unit system violated the 14 th Amendment. This change led to a majority of representatives in Georgia coming from Urban areas… political power shifted from rural to urban areas. It also gave the black population areas an equal opportunity to elect representatives.

a. Evaluate the consequences of the end of the county unit system and reapportionment. The decision was appealed in the U. S. Supreme Court. In that decision, the phrase one person, one vote was first used… every citizens vote should be equal to every other citizens vote no matter where the person lived. Georgia representation in state house was that each county had one representative. This violated the one person one vote concept. The General Assembly had to reapportion (redraw) voting districts so that they were of equal population sizes.

What change did NOT occur in Georgia as a result of the end of the county unit system? a. More political power went to the more heavily populated areas b. More women were elected to state office in the executive branch c. More African Americans were elected to office in the state legislature. d. More members of the General Assembly were elected from the urban areas

a. b. c. d. Which amendment to the U. S. Constitution did the county unit system violate? 13 th 14 th 15 th 16 th

a. b. c. d. From what area did most of the members of Georgia's House of Representatives come after then end of the county unit system? Rural areas Urban areas Coastal areas Southern areas

When the U. S. Supreme Court ordered Georgia to reapportion its Congressional districts in 1964, it meant that a. Georgia’s growing population required more districts b. Georgia had too many districts to satisfy the Constitution c. All rural areas needed more Congressional representation d. All Georgia congressional districts should have equal population

a. b. c. d. The term that means to redraw the boundaries for election districts is Realignment Reconstruction Redistricting Reapportionment

b. Describe the role of Jimmy Carter in Georgia as state senator, governor, president, and past president. State Senator in 1962 Georgia Governor in 1970 n n n Reorganized the executive branch cutting the number of agencies from 300 to 25 Appointed the 1 st woman state judge Created Georgia Heritage Trust- protected natural and cultural resources Equalized funding for public schools and expanded special education, vocational education, and preschool. Expanded state mental health services.

b. Describe the role of Jimmy Carter in Georgia as state senator, governor, president, and past president. The only person from Georgia to serve as President. Created the U. S. Department of Education Economic problems were issue… had a recession Camp David Peace Talks between Egypt and Israel Iran Hostage Scandal… Iran did not release hostages until the day he took office. After leaving office, has done a lot to ensure peace throughout the world, ensure fair elections, and build affordable housing

a. b. c. d. What new cabinet was created under Carter? Department of Homeland Security Department of Education Department of Transportation Department of Urban Affairs

a. b. c. d. What position did Jimmy Carter NEVER hold? Governor State Senator U. S. Senator President

c. Analyze the impact of the rise of the two-party system in Georgia. For the most part, Georgia had been a oneparty for over 100 years… Democrat During the 1980 s and 1990 s, that started to change. While Democrats continued to be elected to statewide offices, Republicans started to be elected in national elections n In 1980, Mack Mattinly was the first Republican elected to the U. S. Senate from Georgia since Reconstruction.

c. Analyze the impact of the rise of the two-party system in Georgia. 1992 - Republicans won most of Georgia’s congressional elections. Georgia’s Newt Gingrich became Speaker of the House 2002 - Sonny Perdue was elected governor… 1 st since Reconstruction. These elections established a real two -party system in Georgia.

a. b. c. d. The first Republican elected to the U. S. Senate from Georgia since Reconstruction was Newt Gingrich John Lewis Mack Mattingly Sam Nunn

Which statement BEST describes the role of political parties in Georgia over the last 100 years? Three political parties have played a major role in Georgia politics Georgia has gradually change from a twoparty to a one-party system Minority parties have been less important than the two major political parties Since the end of Reconstruction, Georgia was dominated by one political party

d. Evaluate the effect of the 1996 Olympic Games on Georgia. Olympic games were held in 1996. Millions were spent to build competition facilities n n n Olympic Stadium Georgia Horse Park Wolf Creek Shooting Range Stone Mountain Tennis Facility Lake Lanier Rowing Center Georgia Tech and Georgia State University received new residence facilities and renovated completion facilities

d. Evaluate the effect of the 1996 Olympic Games on Georgia. Brought international recognition to Atlanta Brought employment opportunities and millions to Georgia’s economy Bombing in Centennial Olympic Park killed one and wounded 117. Criticized for traffic congestion

a. b. c. d. Which facility was NOT created especially for the Olympics Stone Mountain tennis facility Lake Lanier Rowing Center Georgia Horse Park Georgia Dome

a. b. c. d. Better infrastructure could have lessened the 1996 Olympic problem of Television advertising Traffic congestion Housing Safety

e. Evaluate the importance of new immigrant communities to the growth and economy of Georgia. Many immigrants from Latin American countries have come to Georgia to fill jobs throughout the state In some areas immigrant populations have grown so much that they are the majority in some school districts. Some areas are permanent positions such as carpet mills in Dalton and poultry industry in Gainesville. Some are seasonal such as the onion industry in Vidalia.