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Modals in the past Unit : 1 Everyone Makes Mistakes Modals in the past Unit : 1 Everyone Makes Mistakes

What are modals? Auxiliary verbs • Can Could May Might Must Ought to Shall What are modals? Auxiliary verbs • Can Could May Might Must Ought to Shall Should Will Would – – – – – How could I use modals?

Why do we use modals? We use modals to talk about obligations, suggestions, advise Why do we use modals? We use modals to talk about obligations, suggestions, advise and expectations!

Simple modals: Present and future • Modal + base form • Examples: – We Simple modals: Present and future • Modal + base form • Examples: – We should invite your friend to my party. – We could buy some soda if you have money. – You might want to call your mom and tell her you are at a friend’s house.

Perfect modals: past • Modal + have + past participle • Examples: – She Perfect modals: past • Modal + have + past participle • Examples: – She may have called me last night. – Mary could have done her homework yesterday – We should not have made a big mess here.

Modals in the past I can’t find my keys. I may have forgotten them Modals in the past I can’t find my keys. I may have forgotten them at home. We use “May /might +have + p. p. ” to suggest uncertainty in the past.

I can’t find my keys. I could have forgotten them at home. You could I can’t find my keys. I could have forgotten them at home. You could have selected the blue bag. It was beautiful. We use “could + have + p. p. ” 1 - to talk about the past with uncertainity 2 - to talk about expectation that have not been met.

Past Modals She subject could have sent him a nice present. past participle could Past Modals She subject could have sent him a nice present. past participle could have rest

I got 9 out of 10. I must have missed one answer. we used I got 9 out of 10. I must have missed one answer. we used must +have + p. p. for drawing • conclusion about the past

Past Modals What should I have done? Wh- pronoun should past participle have Past Modals What should I have done? Wh- pronoun should past participle have

Past Modals You should have told them about it. subject past participle should have Past Modals You should have told them about it. subject past participle should have rest

We used should + have +p. p. 1 - Talk about mistake made in We used should + have +p. p. 1 - Talk about mistake made in the past. 2 -talk about expectations that have not been • met. We are lost. You should have turned right instead of left. My father left home at 6 o'clock. He should have come back by now =

Was/Were +supposed to +base form = I was supposed to water the plants. They Was/Were +supposed to +base form = I was supposed to water the plants. They are dry now. = We were supposed to leave at 12, but there was too much work

Was/Were +supposed to +base form To express that an expected action didn’t happen. Was/Were +supposed to +base form To express that an expected action didn’t happen.