MIS CHAPTER 7 THE INTERNET INTRANETS AND EXTRANETS

MIS CHAPTER 7 THE INTERNET, INTRANETS, AND EXTRANETS Hossein BIDGOLI MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 1

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets learning outcomes LO 1 Describe the makeup of the Internet and World Wide Web. LO 2 Discuss navigational tools, search engines, and directories. LO 3 LO 4 LO 5 Describe common Internet services. Summarize widely used Web applications. Explain the purpose of intranets. MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 2

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets l e a r n i n g o u t c o m e s (cont’d. ) LO 6 LO 7 Explain the purpose of extranets. Summarize new trends in the Web 2. 0 and 3. 0 eras. MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 3

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets The Internet and the World Wide Web • Internet – Worldwide collection of millions of computers and networks – Derived from the term “internetworking” – No one actually owns or runs the Internet – Started in 1969 as a U. S. Department of Defense project called Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) – Evolved into National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) in 1987 MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 4

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets The Internet and the World Wide Web (cont’d. ) • Internet backbone – Foundation network linked with fiber-optic cables – Can support very high bandwidth – Several private companies operate their own Internet backbones – Connect network access points (NAPs) • World Wide Web (WWW, or “the Web”) – Graphical interface to the largely text-based Internet in 1989 MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 5

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets The Internet and the World Wide Web (cont’d. ) • Hypermedia – Documents can include embedded references to audio, text, images, video, and other documents • Hypertext – Embedded references in hypermedia documents – Links users can click to follow a particular thread MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 6

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Domain Name System • Domain names – Unique identifiers of computer or network addresses on the Internet • Internet Protocol (IP) address – 208. 77. 188. 166 – Assigned by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) • Domain Name System (DNS) – Domain names are converted to IP addresses MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 7

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Domain Name System (cont’d. ) • Uniform resource locators (URLs) – Identify a Web page; the address of a document or site on the Internet – Suffix indicating the top-level domain (TLD) it belongs to • TLD – Organizational (g. TLDs) – Country-code (cc. TLDs) • Understand the parts of a URL – http: //www. csub. edu/~hbidgoli/books. html MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 8

Table 7. 1 MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning Generic Top-Level Domains 9

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets What Is HTML? • Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) – Language used to create Web pages • Structure for an HTML document: (Enter the page’s description. ) (Enter the page’s content. ) MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 10

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Types of Internet Connections • Symmetric DSL (SDSL) – Up to 1. 5 Mbps in both directions • Asymmetric DSL (ADSL) – Upstream rates 3. 5 Mbps – Downstream rates typically 24 Mbps • Very High Speed DSL (VDSL) – Downstream/ upstream transmission rate up to 100 Mbps over short distances • T 1 or T 3 lines – Equivalent of 24 conventional telephone lines MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 11

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Navigational Tools, Search Engines, and Directories • Navigational tools – Used to travel from site-to-site or to “surf” the Internet • Search engines – Give you an easy way to look up information and resources on the Internet • Directories – Indexes of information based on keywords in documents – Make it possible for search engines to find what you’re looking for MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 12

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Navigational Tools • Graphical Web browsers – Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE), Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, and Apple Safari – Menu options – View browsing history – Bookmarking – Setting viewing preferences MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 13

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Search Engines and Directories • Search engine – Google. com or Ask. com – Information system that enables users to retrieve data from the Web by searching for information using search terms • Three-step process – Crawling the Web – Indexing – The search process MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 14

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Search Engines and Directories (cont’d. ) • Directories – Organize information into categories – Types: • Automated (crawler-based) • Human powered • A new search platform from Microsoft – Bing. com – “Decision engine” MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 15

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Internet Services • Most services made possible by the TCP suite of protocols: – Simple Message Transfer Protocol (SMTP) – Post Office Protocol (POP) • Popular services – E-mail, newsgroups, discussion groups, Internet Relay Chat, instant messaging, and Internet telephony MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 16

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets E-mail • One of the most widely used services on the Internet • Main types – Web-based e-mail – Client-based e-mail • E-mail programs include: – – Folders for organization Address books and distribution groups Spell checkers Delivery notification MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 17

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Newsgroups and Discussion Groups • Discussion groups – Formed for people to exchange opinions and ideas on a specific topic – Group members can post messages or articles that others in the group can read • Newsgroups – Typically more general and can be established for any topic – Allow people to get together for fun or for business purposes MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 18

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Instant Messaging • Internet Relay Chat (IRC) – Enables users in chat rooms to exchange text messages with people in other locations in real time • Instant messaging (IM) – Service for communicating with others via the Internet in a private “chat room” – Many IM applications are available MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 19

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Internet Telephony • Internet telephony – Using the Internet rather than the telephone network to exchange spoken conversations • Voice over Internet Protocol (Vo. IP) – Requires high-speed Internet connection and microphone or headset – International and other long-distance calls are much less expensive – Used to route traffic starting and ending at public switched telephone network phones – Call quality has been improving MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 20

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Web Applications • Services and products for a wide range of customers at more competitive prices and with increased convenience • Can be used with minimum costs MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 21

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Tourism and Travel • Travel Web sites allow customers to book tickets for plane trips and cruises, etc. • Info. Hub. com (http: //infohub. com/) – Specialty travel are offered • Other examples of sites that offer all types of tourism and travel services: – Expedia. com, Travelocity. com, Priceline. com, Hotels. com, and Yahoo! Travel MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 22

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Publishing • Major publishers in the United States and Europe offer Web sites with: – – Descriptions of forthcoming books Sample chapters Online ordering Include search features MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 23

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Higher Education • Most universities have Web sites offering: – Information about departments, programs, faculty, and academic resource – Virtual tours of the campus • Online degree programs – Possible for students who couldn’t attend school otherwise to enroll in classes MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 24

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Real Estate • Real estate Web sites – Provide millions of up-to-date listings of homes • Buyers and sellers can: – Review neighborhoods, schools, and real estate prices • Customers can: – Find realtors and brokerage firms and learn homebuying tips • Major real estate Web sites: – Remax (www. remax. com), Century 21 (www. century 21. com), Prudential (www. prudential. com), and ERA (www. era. com). MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 25

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Employment • Services available: – Expert advice and tools for managing your career – Resume assistance, including tools for creating professional-looking resumes – Job search tutorials – Posting and distributing resumes – Job alerts – Searches by company, industry, region, or category – Announcements of job fairs – Career tests to see what career is right for you – Salary calculators MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 26

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Financial Institutions • Online banking services • E-mail to communicate with customers and send account statements and financial reports • Helps banks reduce the time and costs of communicating via phone • Consumer acceptance has been slow • Banking services available via the Internet MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 27

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Software Distribution • Vendors distribute software on the Internet as well as drivers and patches – Antivirus updates – Small, fast, and easy to download • Large programs not distributed via Internet • Online copyright-protection schemes MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 28

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Healthcare • Possible benefits of Internet use in healthcare – Store patient records on the Internet • Accessible from one central location • Potential problems with information privacy, accuracy, and currency – Telemedicine (http: //telemedtoday. com) • Enables medical professionals to conduct remote consultation, diagnosis, and conferencing – Telepresence surgery – Online prescription drugs MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 29

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Politics • Most political candidates now make use of Web sites – – Announcing platforms Publicizing voting records Notices of appearances and debates Fundraising • Possible use for legislators voting online – Security issues MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 30

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets The Internet in 2020 • • • More people will use it It will be more geographically dispersed It will be more a network of devices It will carry much more content It will be wireless Cloud computing will continue to grow It will be greener Network management will be more automated Connectivity will become less important There will be more hackers MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 31

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Intranets • Network within an organization that uses Internet protocols and technologies for collecting, storing, and disseminating useful information that supports business activities • Also called “corporate portals” • For internal use by employees – Many companies also allow trusted business partners to access their intranets • Different from a LAN • Define and limit access carefully MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 32

Table 7. 2 The Internet versus Intranets MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 33

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Applications of an Intranet • • • Human resources management Sales and marketing Production and operations Accounting and finance Help organizations move from a calendar- or schedule-based document-publishing strategy to one that’s based on events or need – Reduce the costs and time of document production MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 34

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets • Secure network – Uses the Internet and Web technologies to connect intranets of business partners • Type of interorganizational system (IOS) – Electronic funds transfer (EFT) – Electronic data interchange (EDI) • DMZ – Refers to the demilitarized zone, an area of the network that’s separate from the organization’s LAN MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 35

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets (cont’d. ) • Advantages of extranets: – – – Coordination Feedback Consumer satisfaction Cost reduction Expedited communication MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 36

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets New Trends: The Web 2. 0 and 3. 0 Eras • Web 2. 0 – Trend of Web applications that are more interactive than traditional Web applications – Collaboration or e-collaboration • Web 3. 0 – Provides context for searching online information – Focuses on “intelligent” Web applications using various applications of artificial intelligent technologies MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 37

Table 7. 4 MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning Web 1. 0 versus Web 2. 0 38

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Blogs • Short for “Weblog” • Journal or newsletter that’s updated frequently and intended for the general public • Many sites offer free space for blogs and even include posting photos – Such as Blogger. com • Blogs on Web sites dedicated to a particular topic or organization – Updated with the latest news and views MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 39

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Wikis • Allows users to add, delete, and sometimes modify content • Online encyclopedia Wikipedia. org • Information user can also be an information provider • Issue with quality of information • Wikis have caught on at many companies MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 40

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Social Networking Sites • Broad class of Web sites and services that allow users to connect with friends, family, and colleagues online • Popular social networking sites: – Facebook, My. Space, and Linked. In • Also popular for business use • Twitter – Response or comment no longer than 140 characters MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 41

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets RSS Feeds • “Really simple syndication” • Fast, easy way to distribute Web content in Extensible Markup Language (XML) format • XML – Flexible method for creating common formats for information – Tags represent the kind of content being posted and transmitted – Defines data with a context MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 42

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Podcasting • Electronic audio file posted on the Web for users to download to their mobile devices • Has a specific URL and is defined with an XML item tag • Usually collected by an “aggregator” – i. Tunes or i. Podder • Users can subscribe to a podcast MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 43

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets The Internet 2 • Collaborative effort involving more than 200 U. S. universities and corporations to develop advanced Internet technologies and applications – For higher education and academic research • Gigapop – Local connection point-of-presence – Main function is the exchange of I 2 traffic with a specified bandwidth • Relies on the NSFNET and MCI’s very high-speed backbone network service MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 44

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets The Internet 2 (cont’d. ) • Applications of Internet 2 include: – – Learningware Digital Library Teleimmersion Virtual laboratories MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 45

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets Summary • Overview and brief history of the Internet and the World Wide Web • Navigational tools, search engines, and directories • Internet services – E-mail, newsgroups, and instant messaging • Web applications and the service industry • Intranets and extranets • Web 2. 0 and Web 3. 0 MIS, Chapter 7 © 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning 46