Ministério de Minas e Energia PERSPECTIVES FOR BIOFUELS

Ministério de Minas e Energia PERSPECTIVES FOR BIOFUELS IN BRAZIL – ASEAN COUNTRIES MEETING Marco Antônio Almeida Secretary of Oil, Natural Gas and Renewable Fuels June, 18 th. 2012

Ministério de Minas e Energia The Perspectives for Biofuels in Brazil ü Introduction ü Regulatory Framework and Public Policies for Ethanol and Biodiesel (Agro-ecological Zoning and Social Fuel Certificate) ü Uses in other sectors (P&D – Bioplastics / Biochemicals) ü Infrastructure Projects for Ethanol in Brazil ü International cooperation in bioenergy ü Final Remarks

Ministério de Minas e Energia Fuel Mix - 2011 and Recent Evolution * Automotive use only ü Highlights: 1. Biodiesel growth; 2. Ethanol shortening. Source: MME (2011)

Ministério de Minas e Energia million m³ Ethanol Forecast (PDE 2020) Ethanol for Internal Fuel Market Ethanol for Exports 20. 6 Closed Figures for 2011 2. 0

Ministério de Minas e Energia Ethanol Use Benefits in Brazil Efective Economy of 1. 6 billion boe or 2 years of the Brazilian oil production today* IN THIS PERIOD, DUE TO ETHANOL USAGE, IT WAS AVOIDED THE EMISSIONS OF 950 MILLIONS OF TONS OF CO 2 * Considers Daily Production in Brazil of 2, 200, 000 Barrels of Oil per day

Ministério de Minas e Energia Million m³ Biodiesel Forecast (PDE 2020) Only the natural growth of B 5 will demand 3. 8 billion liters in 2020 Total oil and fatty acid Demand Expected produced for B 5 Source: MME / PDE 2011 -2020/ (Biodiesel demand projection for B 5) Installed Capacity (2011)

Ministério de Minas e Energia Policy and Regulatory Framework One of the Brazilian energy policy targets is to increase the share of biofuels in the national energy mix. The main general instruments include: ü Mandatory mix: ethanol (E 18 -25) and biodiesel (B 5). ü Stimulate flex-fuel fleet ü Tax differentiation regime in federal level. ü Line of credit for ethanol strategic buffer stocks (conceived to improve off-season supply conditions). ü Public auctions for biodiesel market supply. ü Agro-ecological zoning that orients and guarantees that rawmaterial production will take place only in suitable areas. The Brazilian government managed to conclude the sugarcane (2009) and palm oil (2010).

Ministério de Minas e Energia Recent Modifications on Biofuels Regulation ü Biofuels are now treated as fuels inserted in the Brazilian energy mix and not only as an agriculture product. This understanding is boosted by the ethanol and biodiesel growing utilization, both in Brazil and abroad, that demonstrates the relevant role and potential of biofuels. ü Both ethanol and biodiesel have an uniform treatment regarding their role in National Energy Policy. ü The National Energy Policy Council (CNPE) has, from now on, authority to establish the directions for biofuels imports and exports in the same way that it already has for all oil derivatives such as gasoline, diesel and jet fuel.

Ministério de Minas e Energia ü ü ü Biodiesel Policy The mandatory policy of B 5 is the most important incentive and it is guaranteed through trimestral public auctions; Tax policy regime according to the region in which biodiesel is produced and also the type of agriculture that provides all or part of raw material; The industry that buy, at least, a defined amount of raw-material from small agriculture receive a Social Fuel Certificate - SFC; The amount of raw-material required differs depending on the agriculture region: § South, Southeast and Northeast – 30% § North and Midwest – 15% 80% of the market is reserved to producers that owns a SFC The government is now focusing on policies to induce the diversification of raw-materials for biodiesel production (palm oil, jatropha etc. ).

Ministério de Minas e Energia Social Fuel Certificate Results Families US$ / Family per Year m³ Total Biodiesel Production Source: MDA, MME (2011) Total Income of the Families due to Biodiesel

Ministério de Minas e Energia New Uses in Other Sectors (P&D) ü The BNDES launched PAISS (Joint Programme of Technological and Innovation Support for Sugarcane Sector), were selected from 25 companies that submitted 35 business plans, which will generate investments of about $ 3 billion. § The PAISS fosters research and development of cellulosic ethanol. If made viable economically, the cellulosic ethanol could increase the productivity of the sector in more than 40%. ü Among the entities who study the processes of production of ethanol from lignocellulose in Brazil, stand out: § CENPES - Petrobras; § Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE) MCT; § Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira – CTC; § Embrapa Agroenergia;

Ministério de Minas e Energia Bioplastics in Ten Years From Now ü In 2011, the demand for non-fuel ethanol (other uses) has reached 1. 1 billion liters. ü It is estimated that demand for non-fuel ethanol (other uses) will reach 3. 5 billion liters in 2020 (PDE 2020). • 14% growth rate.

Ministério de Minas e Energia Total Area Land Use in Brazil Others Arable Land Native Vegetation 15 2% Available Pasture Agriculture 2009 Data Sugarcane Source: ICONE, ESALQ and IBGE. Elaboration: COSAN and UNICA

Ministério de Minas e Energia Agricultural Zoning Agricultural zoning as a guarantee for public and private investments and a recommendation of suitable areas for production Sugarcane Expansion with Agroecological Requirements Maximum allowed: 65 million ha or 7, 5% of the territory (green areas) Agrozoning for Soy, Sunflower, Castor, Palm, Cotton Seed etc. North Region Focus = arc of deforestation Maximum allowed: 32 million ha or 3, 7% of the territory (brown areas) Northeast Region Focus = coast areas

Ministério de Minas e Energia Dedicated Infrastructure for Ethanol Distribution GO JATAÍ Out/16 2, 0 Mm³ 0, 8 Mm³ ITUMBIARA QUIRINÓPOLIS MG 5, 2 Mm³ APARECIDA TABOADO Dec/14 UBERABA Out/14 2, 3 Mm³ MS PRESIDENTE EPITÁCIO Out/13 2, 5 Mm³ q q q RIBEIRÃO PRETO ARAÇATUBA 80 barcaças 11, 7 Mm³ Mar/13 4, 0 Mm³ Out/14 SP ANHEMBÍ 9, 1 Mm³ 6, 2 Mm³ Dutos já licenciados Dutos não licenciados Jul/14 Dutos de exportação Sistema de dutos existente Trecho já licenciado exportação 1800 km of dedicated pipelines US$ 4. 2 billions 16 Terminals PAULÍNIA Jul/12 Ago/15 Hidrovia PR q q 7, 4 Mm³ / ano 14, 6 Mm³ GUARAREMA BARUERI GUARULHOS Jul/13 3, 6 Mm³ 4 Mm³ REVAP 7 Mm³ Out/16 CARAGUATATUBA RIO DE JANEIRO/ TERMINAL ILHA D’ ÁGUA RJ

Ministério de Minas e Energia Bioenergy International Cooperation Map of International Agreements on Bioenergy sign by Brazilian Representatives 77 countries Nearly 1/3 of the whole nations * Includes Mo. Us, partnerships and other agreements signed directly by any Federal Government Department or Agency or Public Enterprise. It was considered bilateral agreements, cooperation in third countries and agreements signed with economic or regional blocks.

Ministério de Minas e Energia Feasibility Studies on Bioenergy ü Brazil has already financed feasibility studies on bioenergy projects in six countries in Central America and in six countries in Africa: • El Salvador, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Honduras, Guatemala, Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea-Conakry, Liberia, Mozambique e Zambia. Angola and Tanzania are the next candidates. ü Business models designed for these countries have demonstrated the economic, social and environmental viability of projects for sugarcane production and ethanol distilleries, production of vegetable oils and biodiesel, biomass power plants for electricity generation, and

Ministério de Minas e Energia Feasibility Studies – Honduras Agroclimatic Zoning Soil Zoning Climatic and Soil Zoning Hydrous Deficiency Evapotranspiration Rain Data Humid Areas Average Temperature Soil Slope Areas Environmental Zoning Protected Areas with Human Activities Final result: A biomass cogeneration project has been approved in Honduras and its Executive Project is to be finished soon. Similarly, Senegal, Mozambique and Zambia also have projects (ethanol and biomass) in the same phase.

Ministério de Minas e Energia Soil Zoning: Areas with suitability for cultivation Feasibility Studies – Guatemala End result: Identification of suitable areas that will be checked later in field visits to assess the infrastructure and the vocation for the implementation of local productive arrangement for a particular type of project. Environmental Zoning: Areas without restriction and with less biodiversity

Ministério de Minas e Energia Sustainability – Work on GBEP ü Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP) – Initiative proposed by the G 8 and led by Italy, with Brazil later joined and acted as co-chair along with Italy. ü In January this year, GBEP published the report "The Global Bioenergy Partnership Sustainability Indicators for Bioenergy", which presents the 24 selected indicators for sustainable production and use of bioenergy. ü The GBEP sustainability assessment through the 24 proposed indicators will evaluate, in each case, the real contribution of a given project to improve the conditions of a country or locality, as well as interpreting to the environmental, social and economic impacts of their

Ministério de Minas e Energia Final Remarks ü Changes in the regulatory framework for biofuels in Brazil have been implemented to focus on the character of the energy aspect of biofuels and expanding Regulatory Agency powers; ü Brazil supports the ethanol commoditization, with many countries producing and consuming the energetic; ü There are investment opportunities in Brazil for the expansion of bioenergy production, both in new plants and in infrastructure; ü International cooperation is of great importance to Brazil because the country defends biofuels as a driver for development in countries with low access to energy. ü Even with the Presalt discoveries, Brazil preserve the

Ministério de Minas e Energia THANK YOU! Marco Antônio Martins Almeida Secretary of Oil, Natural Gas and Renewable Fuels e-mail: spg@mme. gov. br June, 18 th. 2012