Millions Estimated number of people living with HIV, 2001– 2005 Number of people living with HIV 50 40 30 20 10 0 2001 2002 2003 Year AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 1 2004 2005
5. 0 New HIV infections Millions Projected new adult infections and total adult deaths in sub-Saharan Africa, in millions, by the year 2020: Impact of three scenarios compared to baseline 4. 0 3. 0 AIDS deaths 2. 5 2. 0 3. 0 1. 5 2. 0 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Year Baseline Prevention-centered Treatment-centered Comprehensive response Source: Salomon JA. et al, Integrating HIV Prevention and Treatment: From Slogans to Impact. PLo. S Medicine. January 2005, Vol 2, Issue 1. AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 2
HIV prevalence among 15– 24 year-old men and women, selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa, 2001– 2005 Women 15 Men 10 5 01 /0 2 e 20 20 04 ba bw th o Zi m Le so h A fr ic a 20 02 bi a Za m 5 K en ya 20 04 /0 20 03 So ut U ga nd a er o on 20 04 20 03 am an i a 00 1 al i 2 so 20 03 M Ta nz C Bu rk i na Fa ha na 20 03 0 G % HIV prevalence 20 Sources: Demographic and Health Surveys. ORC Macro (Ghana, Burkina Faso, Mali, United Republic of Tanzania, Cameroon, Lesotho, Kenya, Zambia); Department of Health, Uganda HIV/AIDS sero-behavioural survey 2004/2005 (Uganda); Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, Zimbabwe National Family Planning Council, National AIDS Council , and CDC, The Zimbabwe Young Adult Survey 2001 -2002 (Zimbabwe); Pettifor AE, et al. HIV and sexual behaviour among young South African: a national survey of 15 -24 year olds (South Africa). AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 3
Percentage of young people aged 15– 24 years who correctly identified major ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV*, 2003 60 50 Female Male 40 % 30 20 10 0 Burkina Faso Cameroon Ghana Kenya Madagascar Mozambique Nigeria UR Tanzania *Using condoms and limiting sex to one faithful, uninfected partner, who reject the two most common local misconceptions about HIV transmission, and who know that a healthy looking person can transmit HIV. Source: Demographic and Health Surveys. ORC Macro (Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique and Nigeria); Tanzania HIV/AIDS Indicator Survey 2003 -04, TACAIDS, NBS, and ORC Macro (UR Tanzania). AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 4
HIV prevalence in pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in sub-Saharan Africa, 1997/98– 2004 Southern Africa Eastern Africa Botswana Zimbabwe UR Tanzania South Africa* Ethiopia Mozambique *data by province Uganda West Africa Nigeria Cote d'Ivoire Senegal Ghana Sources: Ministry of Health (Mozambique); Department of Health (South Africa); Ministry of Health and Child Welfare (Zimbabwe); Ministry of Health (Kenya); Ministry of Health (United Republic of Tanzania); Ghana Health Service (Ghana); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - GAP - Côte d'Ivoire (Côte d'Ivoire); Conseil National de Lutte Contre le SIDA (Senegal); Adapted from Asamoah. Odei, et al. HIV prevalence and trends in sub-Saharan Africa: no decline and large subregional differences. Lancet, 2004 (Botswana, Ethiopia, Uganda and Nigeria). AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 5 Kenya
HIV prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in South Africa and Zimbabwe, by age group, 2000– 2004 % HIV prevalence South Africa 50 Age group 40 <20 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40+ 30 20 10 0 2000 % HIV prevalence Zimbabwe 2001 2002 2003 2004 50 Age group 40 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 30 20 10 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 Sources: National HIV and Syphilis Antenatal Sero-Prevalence Survey in South Africa 2004 (South Africa); 2004 ANC Draft Report (Zimbabwe). AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 6
Distribution of male and female deaths by age group in South Africa, 1997 and 2002 30, 000 1997 Male 2002 Female 20, 000 15, 000 10, 000 5, 000 Age group *all causes Source: Statistics South Africa, 2005 AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 7 90 + 89 85 – 85 79 80 – 74 75 – 70 – 69 64 65 – 59 60 – 55 – 54 49 50 – 44 45 – 40 – 39 35 36 – 29 30 – 25 – 24 19 20 – 14 15 – 9 10 – 5– 4 0 0– No. of deaths* 25, 000 1997 Female
Trend in HIV prevalence in selected sites in each province in Mozambique, 2000– 2004 North South Centre H. R. Cuamba C. S. Maxixe H. R. Catandica C. S. Ponta-Gea H. R. Montepuez C. S. Xai-Xai C. S. E. Mondlane C. S. 24 de Julho C. S. 25 Setembro C. S. 10 de Junho C. S. No. 3 (Tete) % HIV prevalence 40 30 20 10 0 2001 2002 2003 Year Source: Ministry of Health, Report on the Update of the HIV Epidemiological Surveillance Data - 2004 Round AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 8 2004
Data from select antenatal clinic sentinel surveillance sites with a declining trend in HIV prevalence, Kenya 1997– 2004 50 Busia Nairobi % HIV prevalence 30 Thika Meru 40 Kitui Nyeri Garissa 20 10 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Year Source: Ministry of Health - National AIDS/STD Control Programme (NASCOP), HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2004 AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 9 2004
Modes of transmission for HIV among HIV/AIDS cases, China (2003 estimates) Former commercial blood and plasma donation 24. 1% Injecting drug users 43. 9% Heterosexual transmission 19. 8% Mother-to-child transmission 19. 8% Men having sex with men 11. 1% Blood and blood products 0. 6% Source: State Council AIDS Working Committee & UN Theme Group (2004) AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 10
Projected impact* of injecting drug use on number of HIV infections in Jakarta, Indonesia Cumulative number of HIV infections 120 000 110, 000 HIV infections if nothing changes 100 000 HIV infections in IDUs if nothing changes 80 000 HIV infections if there were no IDU epidemic 60 000 Sexual infections resulting from a chain of infection originating with IDU 36, 000 40 000 2, 000 0 1985 1990 1995 * assuming no interventions Source: MAP Report 2005. Drug Injection and HIV/AIDS in Asia AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 11 2000 2005 2010
Percentage of street-based sex workers who inject drugs, who have sex with injectors, and percentage of male injectors who report buying sex, three cities, Viet Nam 2000 Sex worker injects drugs herself Ho Chi Minh City Sex worker reports sex with male drug injector Haiphong Male injector reports buying sex from sex worker Hanoi 0 10 20 30 40 50 Percent Source: MAP Reportt 2005. Sex work and HIV/AIDS in Asia. AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 12 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage of male injecting drug users who buy sex – report of consistent condom use during commercial sex, various cities Unprotected commercial sex Bought sex with a condom Hanoi, Vietnam Bangkok, Thailand** Katmandhu Valley, Nepal Surabaya, Indonesia Delhi, India Sichuan, China* Central Bangladesh 0 10 20 30 40 50 Percent * Sichuan : condom use at last commercial sex ** Bangkok : includes non-injecting drug users Source: MAP Report 2005. Sex work and HIV/AIDS in Asia. AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 13 60 70 80 90 100
HIV prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics, Thailand 1990– 2004 3. 00 % HIV prevalence 2. 50 Bangkok 2. 00 Central 1. 50 North 1. 00 Northeast 0. 50 South 0. 00 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year Source: Thailand Ministry of Public Health, Department of Disease Control, Bureau of Epidemiology AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 14
HIV prevalence among sentinel surveillance groups, Myanmar 1992– 2003 ANC Blood donors Military recruits % HIV Prevalence 3. 0 2. 5 2. 0 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year Source: Department of Health, AIDS Prevention and Control Project AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 15
Annual number of newly registered HIV cases and children born HIV-seropositive, Ukraine 1987– 2004 14 000 Newly registered HIV cases Number of registered HIV cases 12 000 Children born to HIV-positive mothers 10 000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 19871994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Year Source: Ukrainian AIDS Centre AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 16 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
HIV prevalence at consistent selected antenatal clinic surveillance sites, Haiti 1993– 2004 All women Urban women % HIV prevalence 12 Semi-urban, rural women 10 8 6 4 2 0 1993 1996 2000 2004 Year Source: Ministére de la Santé Publique et de la Population, Analyse secondaire des études de sero surveillance par méthode sentinelle de la prévalence du VIH chez les femmes enceintes en Haϊti entre 1993 et 2004 AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 17
Reported number of HIV and AIDS cases, Cuba 1986– 2003* Number of Cases 900 800 HIV Cases AIDS Cases 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Year *Extrapolations from reported cumulative number of cases as of end 2003 for the years 2002 & 2003 and years with no report Source: Caribbean Technical Expert Group (2004). Strengthening the Caribbean regional response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic: Report of the Caribbean Technical Expert Group on HIV Prevention and Gender. Draft working document. October. Jamaica AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 18
Comparison of AIDS-related hospitalizations to number of patients on ARV therapy, Brazil 1998– 2004 Hospitalized HIV patients Patients on ARV therapy 180, 000 70% Rate of hospitalization of patients on ARV treatment 160, 000 60% 140, 000 50% Number of AIDS 120, 000 hospitalization 100, 000 and number of patients on ARV 80, 000 therapy 40% Hospitalization rate per year per patient 30% on ARV therapy 60, 000 20% 40, 000 10% 20, 000 0 0% 1998 1999 2000 2001 Year Source: DATASUS, SIH; National STD/AIDS Program AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 19 2002 2003 2004
Estimated number of annual AIDS cases, annual AIDS deaths, and persons living with AIDS, United States of America 1985– 2003 Number of AIDS cases and deaths (in thousands) Number of persons living with AIDS (in thousands) 100 500 90 AIDS cases 450 80 AIDS deaths 400 70 Persons living with AIDS 350 60 300 50 250 40 200 30 150 20 10 50 0 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Year of diagnosis or death Note: adjusted for reporting delays Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 20 0
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