Military Performance Division Scientific Career Opportunities in the

Military Performance Division “Scientific Career Opportunities in the Government and Military” Edward J. Zambraski, Ph. D. , FACSM Chief, Military Performance Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick, MA 01760 -5007 edward. zambraski@us. army. mil (508) 233 -5150

Military Performance Division Background – E. Zambraski u 1976 Ph. D. , University of Iowa “Exercise Physiology” Research ûRenal, cardiovascular, exercise physiology u 1976 – 2003 Rutgers University Depts: Physiology →Biology → Physiology → Cell Biology / Neuroscience Teaching: Physiology/Exercise Physiology Research: Maintained an externally funded lab for 27 years ûRenal nerves, Hypertension / cirrhosis, PG Renal Function, RAS u 2003 – Present: Chief (Chair), Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA

Military Performance Division Three Perspectives u University Researcher/Teacher/Dept. Chair ûTime demands of teaching and research ûCompeting for funds: NIH, private sector u APS: “Career Opportunity Committee” ûMember and Chair for several years u US Government / Army: Civilian Scientist

Military Performance Division My “Career Transition” u. Quite u. The a bit beyond “mid-career” !! kind of environment I currently work in

Military Performance Division Mid-Career Transitions Fundamental Issues – Government Scientist u. Are there jobs/positions? u. Types of positions or skill sets required? u. Similarities/contrasts to Academic positions

Military Performance Division US Army Medical Department Organization Chart Office of the Army Surgeon General Medical Command (MEDCOM) Medical Research & Materiel Command AMEDD Center & School Regional Medical Commands US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine. Dental Command Veterinary Command Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine

Military Performance Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM) u 20 miles west of Boston u Co-located with the Natick Soldier Center Natick Ideal location for collaboration: MIT, Harvard, BU, etc.

Military Performance Division US Army MRMC Research Military Infectious Diseases 27% Military Infectious Diseases § § § § Medical readiness Vaccines Biotechnology Prophylaxis/treatment drugs Diagnostics/prognostics Vector control Medical C 4 ISR HIV countermeasures Combat Casualty Care 10% Military Operational Medicine 17% § § § Lightweight medical equipment Medical C 4 ISR Trauma care Health monitoring & diagnostic technology § § § § § Soldier selection & sustainment Soldier performance Warrior system modeling Health hazards protection Diagnostics/prognostics Health monitoring Medical management of CW casualties Medical readiness Drug prophylaxes/ pretreatments Diagnostics/therapeutics Medical Biological Defense Military Operational Medicine § Med Bio Defense 31% Medical Chemical Defense Combat Casualty Care § Med Chem Defense 15% § § Vaccines/therapies Field-portable diagnostic systems Medical readiness Biotechnology

Military Performance Division Military Operational Medicine Labs Air Force and Navy Toxicology USARIEM - AFRL - NHRC Toxicology Detachment NSMRL Natick, MA - Collocation with NSC Wright-Patterson AFB, OH - Occupational toxicology research - Deployment toxicology NHRC San Diego, CA - Collocation with Navy, Marines, special warfare, and trainees - Navy MOM lead lab - Epidemiology of injury and illness - Environmental and occupational medicine Altitude Laborato ry Pikes Peak, CO USAMRU-E Heidelberg, Germany - Psychosocial stress studies in USAREUR and deployed forces Tri-Service Directed Energy Brooks City-Base, TX -Laser eye protection and visual performance WRAIRDetachment - NHRC EMR Detachment USAARL Fort Rucker, AL - Collocated with Army aviation - Platform-specific research (rotary-wing aircraft and ground combat vehicles) - Injury biodynamics research - Lead Do. D biomedical lab for sensory research (visual and auditory performance) NAMRL Pensacola, FL - Collocation with Navy aviation - Aviation medicine Tactile sensory input and spatial disorientation research Groton, CT - Collocation with attack sub fleet - Auditory and visual performance enhancement (visual and auditory displays of Fort Detrick, sonar MD signals - Deployment WRAIR toxicology Washington, DC - Basic sciences research - Neuropsychiatry, NMRC Washington, DC - Diving and environmental physiology - Hyperbaric medicine

Military Performance Division March 25, 2008: “ > 40% of the Army’s science workforce are eligible for retirement within the next 10 years. ” MG Weightman Commander, MRMC u Army science workforce ~ 8, 000+ u Other Do. D branches (Navy, Air Force) real numbers but much smaller

Military Performance Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE • Environmental Extremes (Heat, Cold & High Terrestrial Altitude) • Physiological Monitoring & Predictive Modeling OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE & PERFORMANCE • Occupational Task Performance & Injury Prevention • Bioenergetics & Metabolism (Nutrition) • Cognitive Performance Assessment • • “World-Class” Laboratory for Environmental Medicine, Physiology, Performance and Nutrition Research Integrated Cellular, Tissue, Animal & Human Research Programs Four research “Divisions” n = 200 scientists/support personnel • Under a military “Command” • 40 % scientists are military

Military Performance Division World Class Facilities • Doriot Climatic Chambers (minus 70 F to 160 F) • Water Immersion Laboratory • Altitude (Hypobaric) Chamber Sea-level to 9, 150 m (30, 000 ft) • Biochemical labs, Testing labs, off-site centers • Pikes Peak Lab 4300 m (highest in NA)

Military Performance Division USARIEM Organization Research Support Division Thermal & Mountain Medicine Division (TMMD) Biophysics & Biomedical Modeling Division (BBMD) USARIEM Personnel: N ≈ 200 35% Military 50% Civilian 15% Contractor Military Nutrition Division (MND) Military Performance Division (MPD)

Military Performance Division Research Teams u Epidemiology Injury Epidemiology u Performance Physiology u Assessment of individual capacities/training programs Endocrine control: exercise and/or environmental stress Muscle / bone function: stress fractures/bone health Mechanisms of muscle growth and injury Energy Metabolism Biomechanics Load carriage/equipment interactions Injury potential u Cognitive Performance Cognitive performance: assessment Altered Cognitive Function: military operations (blast, deployment. . )

Military Performance Division Types of Scientists: USARIEM/MPD u. Physiologists u. Pharmacologists Systems u. Statisticians Environmental u. Biomedical Cellular u. Biophysicists u. Biochemists engineers (modelers) u. Endocrinologists u. Nutritionists u. Molecular u. Immunologists u. Cell biologists Signaling u. Epidemiologists u. MDs (clinical research)

Military Performance Division Scientist: Comparison of Responsibilities Academia 10% 30% US Gov’t/Army 9% 1% 10% 30% 80% Teaching Administrative Grants/ Funding Research

Military Performance Division Skills Needed: Civilian Scientist in the US Army u. Research Expertise Basic scientist Applied: “ real world” u. Function u. Ability in disciplined/structured environment to Communicate: oral and written u. Contracting/Budgeting Acquisition training, CORs, CRADA, MOU u. Perform under pressure: “suspense” “taskers”, briefings, reviews u“DWA” (deal with acronyms !!)

Military Performance Division General Schedule (GS) System Civilian Scientists u. Pay ranges stipulated (GS-1 – GS-15) Competitive with University salaries u. Full benefits u. More structured Annual appointments Leave calculations (recently revised) Time monitored u“Term” appointments vs “permanent” positions

Military Performance Division Government Scientist “Coming in green” (active duty) u. Health Professions Scholarship Program: MDs, Vet, Psych (Ph. D) u. Professional Allied/Health programs: Physical therapy (Doctoral) Occupational therapy (Doctoral) Dieticians (Masters) Physician assistants Payback ≈ 2: 1

Military Performance Division Army’s Scientific Workforce u. GS Civilian Scientists u. Military Scientists / Health Professionals u. Contracted Scientists “in house” Collaborations u“IPA” – Intergovernmental Personnel Agreement

Military Performance Division Comparison: attributes of each. . Academia US Army Salaries + + Appointments Tenure Contract/Term/Perm. Choice Res. Topics + - - (Hours Monitored) + + (+) - ++ + + (-) ++ * Work Requirements * Resources Bureaucracy Publishing Meetings/ Travel Pressure / Demands *Job Satisfaction *

Military Performance Division Finding Jobs within US Gov’t/Army (MRMC-Military Operational Medicine) u. Direct Inquiries and Contact with Army Research Investigators. u. Interactions as Professionals Meetings/conferences Societies/Editorial Boards u. Interaction u. Formal as Collaborators Government Job Announcements Websites: ûhttp: //www. usajobs. opm. gov/ [general government] ûhttp: //www. cpol. army. mil/ [Army civilians]

Military Performance Division Mid-Career Transitions Military Health Professional Civilian Scientist Contractor Research Positions: US Army / Government u. Very positive work environment (my perspective) u. There u. Wide u. Clear are positions (this number will be increasing) variety of disciplines / skill sets differences academia environment government Individual qualities / choice / time point in your career

Military Performance Division “Scientific Career Opportunities in the Government and Military” Edward J. Zambraski, Ph. D. , FACSM Chief, Military Performance Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick, MA 01760 -5007 edward. zambraski@us. army. mil (508) 233 -5150 The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the author and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Army or the Department of Defense.