METERS LITERS AND GRAMS OH MY THE

METERS, LITERS AND GRAMS OH MY!

THE METRIC SYSTEM • The metric system is a measurement system based on our decimal (base 10) number system. • Other countries and all scientists and engineers use the metric system for measurement. • Other countries’ companies are refusing to buy products from the U. S. if not labeled in metric units • Scientists need a universal way to communicate data (SI Units)

What does the metric system measure? • The gram measures mass or how much something weighs • The liter measures volume which is used when measuring liquids • The meter measures the length of an object or the distance from place to place

Review of Scientific Terms • Mass - a fundamental measure of the amount of matter in the object Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space • Volume – the amount of space an object takes up or contains Measured by L*W*H or using the displacement method • Length - Extent or distance from beginning to end • Density - The mass of a substance per unit volume, D=M/V

METRIC PREFIXES Metric Units The metric system has prefix modifiers that are multiples of 10. Prefix Symbol Factor Number Factor Word Kilo- k 1000 Thousand Hecto- h 100 Hundred Deca- da or dk 10 Ten Unit m, l, or g 1 One Deci. Centi- d c . 1. 01 Tenth Hundredth Milli- m . 001 thousandth

PLACE VALUES OF METRIC PREFIXES cm cg c. L Thousandth dm dg d. L Hundredth m g L Tenth dkm dkg dk. L One hm hg h. L Ten Hundred Thousand km kg k. L mm mg m. L

METERS • Meters measure length or distance • One millimeter is about the thickness of a dime.

METERS • One centimeter is about the width of a large paper clip • or your fingernail.

METERS • A meter is about the width of a doorway

METERS • A kilometer is about six city blocks or 10 football fields. • 1. 6 kilometers is about 1 mile

GRAM • Grams are used to measure mass or the weight of an object. • Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter something contains, while Weight is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object.

GRAMS • A milligram weighs about as much as a grain of salt.

GRAMS • 1 gram weighs about as much as a small paper clip. • 1 kilogram weighs about as much as 6 apples or 2 pounds.

LITERS • Liters measure capacity or volume. • Volume refers to the space taken up by an object itself, while capacity refers to the amount of a liquid or other pourable substance a container can (or does) hold.

LITER • 1 milliliter is about the amount of one drop

LITER • 1 liter is half of a 2 liter bottle of Coke or other soda

LITER • A kiloliter would be about 500 2 -liter bottles of pop

WHICH UNIT WOULD YOU USE TO MEASURE THE LENGTH OF THIS BICYCLE? km m cm mm

WHICH UNIT WOULD YOU USE TO MEASURE THE MASS OF A PENNY? km g c. L mg

WHICH UNIT WOULD YOU USE TO MEASURE THE WATER IN AN AQUARIUM? L m c. L mg

TO CHANGE FROM A LARGER UNIT TO A SMALLER UNIT, YOU NEED TO MULTIPLY. 1 km x 1000 = 1000 m 1 m x 100 = 100 cm 1 cm x 10 = 10 mm

PLACE VALUES OF METRIC PREFIXES Move the decimal point to the right to multiply. cm c. L cg Thousandth dm d. L dg Hundredth m L g Tenth dkm dk. L dkg One hm h. L hg Ten Hundred Thousand km k. L kg mm m. L mg

PLACE VALUES OF METRIC PREFIXES cm cg c. L Thousandth dm dg d. L Hundredth m g L Tenth dkm dkg dk. L One hm hg h. L Ten Hundred Thousand km kg k. L mm mg m. L

TO CHANGE FROM SMALLER UNITS TO LARGER UNITS YOU DIVIDE BY A POWER OF TEN. 1000 mm ÷ 10 = 100 cm ÷ 10 = 10 dm ÷ 10 = 1 m

PLACE VALUES OF METRIC PREFIXES Move the decimal point to the left to divide. cm c. L cg Thousandth dm d. L dg Hundredth m L g Tenth dkm dk. L dkg One hm h. L hg Ten Hundred Thousand km k. L kg mm m. L mg

1 Dozen eggs = 12 eggs 12 inches = 1 foot 60 seconds = 1 minute 16 ounces = 1 pound Factor Label Method: A way to convert a ratio of equivalent values to express the same quantity in different units. Given Units Examples: Units to Cancel 24 inches = ____? ____ feet 24 inches 1 feet 12 inches Units to Get to = 2 feet Equivalent Ratio

RULES

EXAMPLE A rattlesnake is 2. 44 m long. How long is the snake in cm? 2. 44 m x 100 cm 1 m = 244 cm

Conversion Practice Try these conversions using Factor Labeling Method. Show your work. 1000 mg = _______ g 1 L = _______ m. L 160 cm = _______ mm 14 km = _______ m 109 g = _______ kg 250 m = _______ km Compare using <, >, or =. 56 cm 6 m 7 g 698 mg

Metric Conversion Challenge (Homework!) Write the correct abbreviation for each metric unit. 1) Kilogram _____ 4) Milliliter _____ 7) Kilometer _____ 2) Meter _____ 5) Millimeter _____ 8) Centimeter _____ 3) Gram _____ 6) Liter _____ 9) Milligram _____ Try these conversions, using the ladder method. 10) 2000 mg = _______ g 15) 5 L = _______ m. L 20) 16 cm = _______ mm 11) 104 km = _______ m 16) 198 g = _______ kg 21) 2500 m = _______ km 12) 480 cm = _____ m 17) 75 m. L = _____ L 22) 65 g = _____ mg 13) 5. 6 kg = _____ g 18) 50 cm = _____ m 23) 6. 3 cm = _____ mm 14) 8 mm = _____ cm 19) 5. 6 m = _____ cm 24) 120 mg = _____ g