Metering Middle East Dubai UAE Smart Metering

Metering Middle East Dubai, UAE Smart Metering © Elster Electricity, LLC - 1 3/18/2018 Ali Mouslmani February 2, 2005

Agenda 1. Uses and applications of Meter data 2. Electronic Meter Architecture determines meter data functionality (measurement methodology) 3. Benefits of Meter Service Checks and Self Tests (on site diagnostics) 4. How Polyphase electronic meters lower inventory costs (forms and functions consolidation) 5. Polyphase Meter Applications and Advancements © Elster Electricity. LLC - 2 3/18/2018 6. Meter Communications and AMR

1. Uses and Applications of Metering Data Operations • Tamper Monitoring • Automatic Error Detection Planning • Load Profile • RMS Current • RMS Volts Engineering • RMS Curent • RMS Volts • Watts, Vars, VAs PF, THD Marketing Meter Shop • Revenue • Power Monitoring • Modem Callback • Read Only Data • Relationship Mgt. • Power Improvement • Custom Services (k. W, k. Wh) Customer © Elster Electricity. LLC - 3 3/18/2018 Customer • Rate Selection • What If Analysis • Power Monitoring

1. Uses and Applications of Metering Data Meter Data Management Is Vital to Current and Future Business Processes Load Forecasting & Scheduling Coordination - Risk Management - Cost Modeling - Load Research, Load Profiles - Day Ahead, Hour Ahead Markets CIS, CRM, Billing Systems - Organized by ESP, UDC - New Cycles & Rates - Consolidated Services - Aggregation Services - Consumption & Rate Coordination Asset & Service Management - Work Order Mgmt. - Communications O & M - Meter Service Orders - Connect / Disconnect - Change Orders Customer Care © Elster Electricity. LLC - 4 3/18/2018 Marketing & Rate Management - Energy & Data Services - Load Research - Load Profiling & Templates - Sampling - Revenue Modeling - Performance-Based Rates - Rate Modeling - TOU, RTP Meter Data - Customer Service Systems - Trouble Call Analysis - Power Quality Monitoring - Energy Information Services Settlement - Loss Management - Adjustments - Meter Accuracy

2. Electronic Meter Architecture Determines Meter Data Functionality Electronic Meter Architecture Metering applications depend on available microprocessor capabilities n © Elster Electricity. LLC - 5 3/18/2018 n Meters are optimized for low cost (mass production)

2. Electronic Meter Architecture Determines Meter Data Functionality Electronic Meter Architecture To optimize $$$, the firmware is written very tightly coupled to the hardware n To optimize $$$, the hardware is as minimal as it can be n To add many new features requires hardware changes and support from many utilities n © Elster Electricity. LLC - 6 3/18/2018 n This requires re-writing the firmware for the new hardware

2. Electronic Meter Architecture Determines Meter Data Functionality Electronic Meter Architecture Electronic Meter Voltage and Current A/D converter Relay (KYZ) outputs P firmware m. A outputs © Elster Electricity. LLC - 7 3/18/2018 display Data recorder Modem, RF com.

2. Electronic Meter Architecture Determines Meter Data Functionality High end electronic meter technologies n Metering applications might differ significantly from location/customer ü types of calculations ü access requirements (data, security, interface) n What would be required to have a ‘one size fits all’ meter? n Maximal flexibility of: ü Hardware ü Firmware ü Configuration capability Optimized for Flexibility, not $$$ n © Elster Electricity. LLC - 8 3/18/2018 n Not a Commodity item (higher priced) n Applications are typically where the price of the meter is insignificant relative to the monthly ‘solution’

2. Electronic Meter Architecture Determines Meter Data Functionality High End Electronic Meter architecture Like a computer, is configurable to meet the application n Designed so “User Programs” are isolated from the hardware n © Elster Electricity. LLC - 9 3/18/2018 n Optimized for Maximum Flexibility

2. Electronic Meter Architecture Determines Meter Data Functionality High End Electronic Meter architecture High End Electronic Meter Voltage and Current A/D Digital outputs converter Analog outputs © Elster Electricity. LLC - 10 3/18/2018 Digital Inputs P firmware Analog Inputs Custom Calcs Data recorders display Ethernet Modem, Comm.

2. Electronic Meter Architecture Determines Meter Data Functionality Power Quality Data High End Electronic Meter Sags and Swells (2 cycles) § Harmonics (22 nd) § Outage and Outage Restoration § § Service Voltage Test § § Low Voltage Test § High Voltage Test § Reverse Pwr and PF Test § Low Current Test § Voltage Imbalance (A 3) § Total Demand Distortion (A 3) § Power Factor Test § 2 nd Harmonic Current Test § THD - Voltage Test § Momentary Voltage Sag § Current Imbalance (A 3) © Elster Electricity. LLC - 11 3/18/2018 § § § Sags and Swells (sub cycle) Harmonics (127 th) Sub cycle transient detection Waveform capture Determines source of fault detection Graphical display on meter of voltage and current phasor information. Includes per phase magnitude & phase angle information in real time. Measures up to nine “ 9’s” of reliability

3. Benefits of Meter Service Checks and Self Tests (on site diagnostics) Service Checking Features Checks Voltage & Current Magnitudes • Checks Voltage & Current Phase Angles • Validates Meter Wiring • © Elster Electricity. LLC - 12 3/18/2018 • Verifies Service Conditions

3. Benefits of Meter Service Checks and Self Tests (on site diagnostics) • Meter to periodically performs a self test (on site diagnostics) to determine if it is operating correctly • The meter self test to be performed automatically under the following situations: ü after any power restoration following an outage ü at midnight or every 24 hours from initial power up. ü immediately after a communications session to insure data transmission • Specific tests peformed: ü verification of configuration data © Elster Electricity. LLC - 13 3/18/2018 ü confirmation of the crystal oscillator accuracy ü detection of low battery voltage (for TOU configurations) ü verification of normal microprocessor functions ü detection of unexpected microprocessor resets

3. Benefits of Meter Service Checks and Self Tests (on site diagnostics) Electronic Meter Benefits © Elster Electricity. LLC - 14 3/18/2018 With Automatic Installation control upon energization. In this example, the savings is over $36. 00 per installed meter.

4. How Electronic Meters Lower Inventory Costs • Use Wide Ranging Meters • Use Form Consolidating Meters • Use Function Consolidating Meters • Use Class Consolidating Meters • Use Extended Class Meters • Use Meters with Short Manufactured Cycle Times © Elster Electricity. LLC - 15 3/18/2018 • Use Truly Programmable Meters

Voltage & Form and Function Consolidation with Polyphase Electronic Meters Electronic Meter Styles (Polyphase) Conventional Polyphase Meter Styles ABB 120 V ABB 240 V ABB 480 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S 120 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 240 V 123456789 ABB 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 120 V 480 V 123456789 120 -480 V FM 9 S 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 240 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 480 V 123456789 Alpha Meter ABB 277 V 123456789 Alpha Meter ABB 240 V ABB TOU k. W & k. Wh ABB 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S Form 6 S 240 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S 120 V 123456789 3 phase 4 wire ABB 480 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S 480 V Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 240 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 120 V 480 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 277 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 3 phase 3 wire 120 -480 V FM 9 S 123456789 F Alpha Meter ABB ABB 480 V ABB 120 V 277 V 240 V 277 V 123456789 123456789 Alpha Meter Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB ABB ABB 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 120 V 277 V 240 V 480 V 120 V 277 V 123456789 123456789 Alpha Meter Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S 120 -480 V FM 9 S 1 phase 3 wire ABB 120 V 123456789 ABB 240 V 123456789 ABB 480 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 120 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 240 V 123456789 ABB Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 120 V Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 123456789 Alpha Meter 480 V 123456789 480 V Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 240 V 1 phase 2 wires ABB 480 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB TOU k. W & k. Wh & Reactive ABB ABB 480 V TOU k. W & k. Wh & Reactive & LP ABB 120 V 277 V 240 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S 120 -480 V FM 9 S 277 V ABB ABB 480 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S ABB 120 V 277 V 240 V 123456789 Alpha Meter 123456789 Alpha Meter 120 -480 V FM 9 S 120 -480 V FM 9 S 277 V

5. Polyphase Electronic Meter Applications and Advancements Local Computer and RS-485 Wiring meter with RS 485 Remote Computer or Meter Reading System Device Num =0 R- R+ T- T+ meter with RS 485 Device Num =1 R- R+ T- T+ meter with RS 485 Device Num =2 R- R+ T- T+ RS 232 connection Modem RS 232 connection © Elster Electricity. LLC - 17 3/18/2018 TELCO or Cellular System Telephone or cellular Modem RS 485 -232 Converter Transmit + Rcvr + // // RS 485 wiring RS 485 output from modem may be available to eliminate need for converter

5. Polyphase Electronic Meter Applications and Advancements Communications Integration with Utility Systems Billing Load PNM Alpha+ PNM Retail Customer Load KYZ k. Wh PNM RTU Customer On Site Generation (Also available for emergency backup) Dry Contact Switch to Indicate Wholesale Power operation Telephone RS-485 Modbus Modem © Elster Electricity. LLC - 18 3/18/2018 PNM Power Quality k. VARh Modem PNM Server Billing Generator Load Ion 8400 RS-232 DNP 3. 0 Celerity 3 rd Party Dispatcher Celerity notified by PNM Operations that wholesale power is needed

5. Polyphase Electronic Meter Applications and Advancements The Market…the way things are Current Gap in the Market Residential © Elster Electricity. LLC - 19 3/18/2018 Cost-effective technology is available Large C&I (20 -30% of C&I meters) Small C&I (70 -80% of C&I meters) Cost-prohibitive technology is available Cost-effective technology is available

5. Polyphase Electronic Meter Applications and Advancements Communication Application of Meters for Small C&I n TOU meter to provide timing for self-initiated reads n Advanced calendar demand reset schedules set up in the meter n Transmission of additional status information n Data retrieval from solid-state meter registers n An AMR module equivalent to 3 standard ERTs n © Elster Electricity. LLC - 20 3/18/2018 n Triple standard consumption messages (SCM) that can be configured for data utility would like to obtain from the meter Full functionality for: n Walk-by n Drive-by n Fixed Network reading systems

6. Meter Communications and AMR © Elster Electricity. LLC - 21 3/18/2018 Integrating Meters with Communications and Systems is not…. .

6. Meter Communications and AMR Integrating Meters with Communications and Systems n Electromechanical n Electronic n Pulse Initiator n Circuit Board Connection(s) n No Electronic Connections n Board Level Compatibility n n 120 V Pot Coil Electrical Connection Mechanical Packaging n n n Hardware Firmware Challenges n FCC Tests © Elster Electricity. LLC - 22 3/18/2018 n Conducted/Radiated Emissions n Fast Transient Surge Test n Noise/Interference

6. Meter Communications and AMR Meter Manufacturers Face Issues with Modems…. . • Integrating modem communications with Meters is not trivial • Which communication systems to support ? ü • How much data needs to be typically read ? How often ? Are there commercially available radios/modems? ü ü • Will they meet Meter temperature standards? How durable is the modem? What are trade-offs between First Cost and on-going communications / maintenance costs? • Will a Utility look at Life Cycle Costs or First Cost only? ü © Elster Electricity. LLC - 23 3/18/2018 ü What timeframes are considered? 2, 5, 10, 15 years? If we build an amazing new widget, what can read it ? ü Are there Master Stations or Communication Servers available ? ü Will it work with MV 90 ? ü Will it support the functionality the utility wants ?

6. Meter Communications and AMR Metering Communications Is Becoming a Major Issue • Meter Data needs & Reading Frequencies are increasing, particularly for C&I ü ü PQ Events / Outage call-ins ü © Elster Electricity. LLC - 24 3/18/2018 Daily reads of load profile for data posting to Internet ü • Remote AMR communications replacing monthly meter reads Interest in TOU and Real-time pricing Selecting a suitable metering communications technology is thus becoming a major issue ü Ongoing operating costs are a key concern ü And functionality is a key issue

6. Meter Communications and AMR Public Communication Networks Circuit Switched Packet Switched (Analog, CDMA & GSM) (CDPD, 1 XRTT & GPRS) • voice application • data application • a physical channel is assigned for the duration of the call • a physical channel is shared between users • $$ per kbyte • no long distance fee • ANSI C 12. 22 (not yet finalized) • Head end system issues $$ per minute • © Elster Electricity. LLC - 25 3/18/2018 • pay for call establishment • long distance fee • ANSI C 12. 21

6. Meter Communications and AMR Technologies deployed by mobile telephony operators Urban Suburban Rural 1980: 1 G Analog U. S. Coverage 2002 90% 1990: 2 G Digital TDMA CDMA © Elster Electricity. LLC - 26 3/18/2018 GSM Stopped-Replaced by GSM OR OR 2001: 2. 5 G Digital 1 x. RTT GPRS 41% 35% 22%

Polyphase electronic meters – Creating Value for Utilities Value Proposition: • Creating Knowledge for the Electricity Customer ü Instrumentation Data ü Power Quality Data ü Power Monitoring • Est. Market Value: Transferring Knowledge $1, 000 - $5, 000 per device ü Automated Meter Reading (AMR) ü Remote Meter Reading (RMR) © Elster Electricity. LLC - 27 3/18/2018 • Creating Knowledge for the Utility ü Site Diagnostics ü Service Monitoring $36 per installed meter