Metabolism of carbohydrates
Carbohydrate digestion
The glucose transporter family members
Glycogen in the cell
Glycogen structure
Glycogenesis (glycogen synthesis)
Glycogen syntase
glycogen branching enzyme
Regulation of glycogen synthase activity Glycogen synthase inactive P Phosphatase Protein kinase Glycogen synthase active OH
Degradation of glycogen Glycogen phosphorylase
Action of debranching enzyme
Glycogenosis Gierke's disease, glycogenosis type I Hepatocytes with large vacuoles Intracellular glycogen
Glycogenosis type I 21
Pompe disease, glycogenosis type II 22
Corey's disease, glycogenosis type III 23
Andersen's disease, glycogenosis type IV 24
Mc. Ardle's disease, glycogenosis type V 25
Glycolysis
Aerobic and anaerobic conditions
1
2
3 – rate-limiting
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Glycolysis
11
Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi 2 pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H + + 2 ATP + 2 H 2 O Glucose + 2 ADP + 2 Pi 2 lactate + 2 ATP + 2 H 2 O
Regulation of glycolisis Enzyme Hexokinase Phosphofructokinase Pyruvate kinase Activator AMP/ADP, Fructose-2, 6 -bisphosphate AMP/ADP, Fructose-1, 6 -bisphosphate Inhibitor Glucose-6 -phosphate ATP, Citrate ATP, Acetyl Co. A, Alanine
Fructose metabolism
Galactose metabolism
Fructosuria 47
Galactosemia 48
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