MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications

MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) Chapter One Introducing Windows Server 2008

Objectives • Distinguish among the different Windows Server 2008 editions based on organizational needs • Describe Windows Server 2008 hardware requirements • Discuss reasons for migrating from Windows Server 2003 to Server 2008 • Describe new Windows Server 2008 enhancements • Describe Windows Server 2008 roles and features MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 2

Objectives (cont’d. ) • Describe the basic planning phases for a Windows Server 2008 implementation • Provide an overview of the primary application infrastructure tools and capabilities of Windows Server 2008 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 3

Windows Server Editions • Three general editions of Windows Server 2008 – Standard – Enterprise – Datacenter • Additional special-purpose editions – Web Server – High-Performance Computing (HPC) • All editions except HPC available in 32 and 64 -bit • Installation options include full installation and Server Core MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 4

Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition • Designed for smaller networks and single-purpose installations • Suitable for small business networks and special purposes in large business networks • Works as single domain server or single file/application server • Common supported features in Standard edition – File and Print Services – Internet Information Services (IIS) 7. 0 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 5

Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition (cont’d. ) • Common supported features in Standard edition (cont’d. ) – – Active Directory Distributed and Encrypting File Systems Management Tools Network load balancing MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 6

Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition • Includes more functionality and has increased cost compared to Standard edition • Additional features included in Enterprise edition – – Increased maximum allowable memory Active Directory Federation Services Failover clustering Installation of up to four virtual machines per physical host – Hot-add memory MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 7

Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Edition • Includes all features of Enterprise edition with some additional capabilities • Additional features in Datacenter edition – Ability to run up to 32 processors – Ability to hot-add and replace processors – Installation of unlimited virtual machines per physical host MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 8

Windows Web Server 2008 • Provides an operating system designed as a singlepurpose Web server • Available as a 32 -bit and 64 -bit operating system • Server roles not available in Web Server edition – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) – Domain Name System (DNS) – File server • Web server does not require client access licenses for users MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 9

Windows HPC Server 2008 • Designed to accommodate numerous processing cores – Built on 64 -bit architecture • Designed to support: – Desktop applications – High-performance applications – Fault tolerant clusters • SQL Server used as the repository for the Job Scheduler MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 10

Windows Server 2008 Edition Server Role Comparison Table 1 -1 Windows Server 2008 server role comparison (continues) MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 11

Table 1 -1 Windows Server 2008 server role comparison (cont’d. ) MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 12

Windows Server 2008 Hardware Requirements • Microsoft provides minimum and recommended hardware requirements – Minimum requirements will support only the basic system – Organizations will typically need at least the recommended hardware requirements, if not more • Organizations should plan for current and future hardware requirements MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 13

Table 1 -2 Microsoft hardware requirements for Windows Server 2008 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 14

Activity 1 -1: Installing Windows Server 2008 • This activity steps through installing Windows Server 2008, version R 2 – Insert the Windows Server 2008 R 2 DVD in the DVD drive and restart the computer – If prompted, boot from the DVD • The installation program begins • Confirm that the time, currency format, and keyboard layout is correct (Figure 1 -1) • Click Next MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 15

Figure 1 -1 Install Windows – language and other preferences ©Cengage Learning 2012 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 16

Activity 1 -1: Installing Windows Server 2008 (cont’d. ) • Steps (cont’d. ) – Click Install now (Figure 1 -2) and enter the product key for activation • Click Next – If you did not enter a product key, a message appears asking if you want to enter a product key (Figure 1 -3) • Click No to Install without a product key – Select the edition of Windows that you purchased (Figure 1 -4) • Click Next MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 17

Figure 1 -2 Install Windows – install now ©Cengage Learning 2012 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 18

Figure 1 -3 Install Windows – product key ©Cengage Learning 2012 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 19

Figure 1 -4 Install Windows – select edition ©Cengage Learning 2012 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 20

Activity 1 -1: Installing Windows Server 2008 (cont’d. ) • Steps (cont’d. ) – Read the Microsoftware license terms • Click I accept the license terms box (Figure 1 -5) • Click Next – Select which type of installation you want (Figure 1 -6) • Click Custom (advanced) – Select where you want to install Windows • Click the Drive options (advanced) link to display partitioning options (Figure 1 -7) • Click Next MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 21

Figure 1 -5 Install Windows – license terms ©Cengage Learning 2012 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 22

Figure 1 -6 Install Windows – installation type ©Cengage Learning 2012 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 23

Figure 1 -7 Install Windows – drive options ©Cengage Learning 2012 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 24

Activity 1 -1: Installing Windows Server 2008 (cont’d. ) • Steps (cont’d. ) – Windows begins installing Windows Server 2008 • The system will restart one or more times during the installation process • Follow any instructions that appear onscreen – When prompted, enter a password and click the arrow to submit the new password (Figure 1 -8) • Click OK when alerted that the password has changed MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 25

Figure 1 -8 Windows Server 2008 login screen ©Cengage Learning 2012 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 26

Activity 1 -1: Installing Windows Server 2008 (cont’d. ) • Steps (cont’d. ) – When Windows Server 2008 starts for the first time, the Initial Configuration Tasks window displays • Installation process is streamlined • Many of the tasks that were required to be entered during the installation process are now available through the Initial Configuration Tasks window (Figure 1 -9) MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 27

Figure 1 -9 Initial configuration tasks screen ©Cengage Learning 2012 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 28

Activity 1 -1: Installing Windows Server 2008 (cont’d. ) • Steps (cont’d. ) – Click the task you want to configure • If you do not want the Initial Configuration Tasks window to display when Windows Server 2008 starts, check the Do not show this window at logon check box – Click Close when finished configuring tasks MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 29

Migrating from Server 2003 to Server 2008 • Decision to migrate – Based on various factors including performance, reliability, and security • Organizations seeking an improved applications server will be quicker to migrate to Server 2008 – Replace member servers as an initial migration path – Eventually upgrade entire network MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 30

Windows Server 2008 Enhancements • • • Improved installation process Hyper-V Server Core TCP/IP improvements Network Access Protection Server Manager Windows Remote Management Power. Shell Group policy management Failover clustering MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 31

Improved Installation Process • Streamlined installation requiring minimal user input – Does not ask for networking information or regional settings – Settings can be provided through the Initial Configuration Tasks window • Initial Configuration Tasks window – Specify computer information, update and customize the server MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 32

Hyper-V • Virtualization – Conserves system resources – Enables one or more separate instances of an operating system to run on a single server system • Organizations can consolidate multiple systems into a high-powered server • Hyper-V: server virtualization capability provided in Windows Server 2008 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 33

Server Core • Minimal command-line installation of Windows Server 2008 • Designed to provide a hardened, secure system – Minimizes exposure and vulnerabilities to security breaches • As a role, Server Core can be installed on Standard, Enterprise, and Datacenter editions – Select during initial installation of operating system • To change from Server Core to the Full version – Reinstall the operating system MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 34

TCP/IP Improvements • Key features of the TCP/IP implementation – Next-Generation TCP/IP stack • Supports IP version 4 (IPv 4) and IP version 6 (IPv 6) – Teredo • IPv 6 technology that encapsulates IPv 6 packets as IPv 4 packets to send across IPv 4 networks MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 35

Network Access Protection (NAP) • Protects network from malware • Helps ensure security policy (health policy) is enforced within the computers connected to the network – Example: if user turns off the Windows Firewall on a NAP-compatible client, local health policy turns it back on MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 36

Server Manager • Server Manager console centralizes the server management roles • Major Server Manager categories – – – Roles Features Diagnostics Configuration Storage MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 37

Windows Remote Management • New feature in Windows Server 2008 • Enables remote administration of the server – Administrators can remotely run management scripts and manage data on remote machines • WS-Management protocol handles connections – Not vendor specific • Many features similar to previous versions’ Windows Management Instrumentation MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 38

Power. Shell • Powerful command-line interface and full scripting language – Used for administrative tasks • First introduced in Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 as the Exchange Management Shell • Enables stringing commands together – Passing results of one command to another command (pipelining) – Results passed as. NET objects MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 39

Group Policy Management • Enhancements in Windows Server 2008 – Group Policy preferences • Preferences applied but not enforced – More settings and options are available – Applications can have network location awareness • Policy can allow access to an application from one location but not another MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 40

Failover Clustering • Enables organizations to provide high-availability for services and applications • Used for services and applications that cannot afford downtime – Examples: file and print services, e-mail servers, enterprise level databases MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 41

Windows Server 2008 Roles and Features • Role – Major server function or service • Feature – Added to enhance or support a role – Can also provide a standalone service MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 42

Roles in Server 2008 • Categories of roles – Active Directory roles – Network roles – Infrastructure roles • Active Directory roles provide integrated management of internal and external resources • Active Directory roles – Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) – Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 43

Roles in Server 2008 (cont’d. ) • Active Directory roles (cont’d. ) – Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) – Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS) – Active Directory Rights Management Services (AD RMS) • Network roles – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) – Domain Name System (DNS) MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 44

Roles in Server 2008 (cont’d. ) • Network roles (cont’d. ) – Network Policy and Access Services • Infrastructure roles – – – Remote Desktop Services Fax Services Print Services File Services Hyper-V Universal Description, Discover, and Integration (UDDI) Services MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 45

Roles in Server 2008 (cont’d. ) • Infrastructure roles (cont’d. ) – Web Server / Internet Information Services (IIS) – Windows Deployment Services (WDS) MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 46

Additional New Features in Windows Server 2008 • • • . NET 3. 0 Framework Windows Desktop Experience Bit. Locker Drive Encryption Network load balancing clusters Remote server administration tools Windows Server Backup features NTFS improvements Hot-swap Server Message Block 2. 0 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 47

Additional New Features in Windows Server 2008 (cont’d. ) • • • Session Manager Subsystem User Profiles Quality Windows Audio Video Experience Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications Windows Process Activation Service Security features MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 48

Planning Windows Server 2008 Networks • Typical phases of planning and implementing a Windows Server 2008 network – – – Project initiation Project planning Project execution Project monitoring and control Project closing MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 49

Project Initiation • Identify project needs – Business goals and objectives – Information technology goals and objectives that support them • Choose needed services and features MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 50

Project Planning • Develop a project plan – – – Defines project scope Outlines needed tasks Specifies needed resources Includes a timeline Defines personnel to participate in the design and deployment teams • Must understand existing environment – Network diagrams, documentation, configurations MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 51

Project Execution • Acquire hardware, software, and other resources • Create a lab environment to configure and test the implementation plan – Prior to implementation on the actual network • Revise implementation plan based on findings from lab environment • Implement in production environment • Ensure applications and services have been thoroughly tested • Develop user and administrator training plan MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 52

Project Monitoring and Control • Ensure tasks are being conducted: – On schedule – Within budget – Using scheduled resources • Monitoring from a technical perspective – Ensure Server 2008 is optimally configured – Ensure no conflicts exist with other systems and applications • Checkpoints define when a rollback plan will be executed in case of unexpected problems MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 53

Project Closing • Project management perspective – Closing activities ensure tasks were conducted within allotted timeframe and budget – Resources utilized efficiently – Record deviations from plan to adjust future projects • Technical perspective – Analyze and verify test results to ensure system performs as expected – Document performance measures and benchmarks MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 54

Project Closing (cont’d. ) • Business perspective – Compare implementation results with business goals and objectives – Conduct after-action review • Record successful aspects • Identify areas that need improvement MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 55

Overview of Primary Application Infrastructure Tools and Capabilities • Application infrastructure – Composed of Windows Server 2008 systems with Application Server role configured – When Application Server role installed, Application Server Foundation is installed • Primary Application Server Foundation Components – Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) – Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) – Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 56

Windows Server 2008 Windows Deployment Services (WDS) • Combines tools, features, and functionality of previous versions with new features of Windows Server 2008 • New features – Support for current operating system images – Capability to deploy images using multicast communications – Support for 32 -bit and 64 -bit deployments – Enhanced functionality for boot and installation image media (. wim extension) MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 57

Windows Server 2008 Storage Services • Disks can be defined as: – Basic or dynamic – Master Boot Record (MBR) – GUID Partition Table (GPT) • Multiple dynamic disks can be used to create faulttolerant volumes – Server 2008 supports software-based mirrored volumes and RAID Level 5 • Storage Area Network capability allows diskless servers to boot from SAN disks MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 58

Windows Server 2008 Remote Desktop Services • Enables clients to remotely connect to a server – Remotely run applications – Remote administration • Clients connect through the Remote Desktop Connection client MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 59

Windows Server 2008 Web Services • Enhancements to IIS 7. 0 as Web server and application platform – Web Server modular service role provides primary Web server functionality – Support for common HTTP functionality – Application Development role • Enables creating and hosting Web applications MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 60

Windows Server 2008 Network Application Services • Windows Media Services – Free, optional tool to enable digital media streaming – Can be installed on Server Core • AD RMS – Provides Digital Rights Management capability – Restricts managing, transmitting, and viewing data • Windows Sharepoint Services 3. 0 – Collaboration and document management capability – Includes document libraries, lists, creation of sites and workspaces, Web pages, and more MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 61

Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Virtualization • Virtualization environment interacts directly with system’s hardware layer – Eliminates many previous system bottlenecks caused by virtualized environment dependence on the host operating system • Virtualization allows organization to save resources – Consolidating multiple system environments on one hardware platform MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 62

Windows Server 2008 for High. Availability • Failover clustering – Services and applications running on a failed node can be taken offline and moved to a different node • Network load balancing – Balances server requests across multiple servers – Capability can be configured quickly MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 63

Summary • Microsoft offers different editions of Server 2008 • Organizations will typically need at least the recommended hardware requirements • Windows Server provides many enhancements and improved technologies: – To support network administrators and improve server functionality • Windows Server 2008 roles are organized into Active Directory, Network, and Infrastructure roles MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 64

Summary (cont’d. ) • New features in Microsoft Server 2008 include: – – – – . NET 3. 0 Framework Group Policy Management enhancements Remote server administration tools Windows Power. Shell NTFS improvements Hyper-V Virtualization Windows Process Activation Service Enhanced security features MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Applications Infrastructure Configuration (Exam # 70 -643) 65