Mary sidyukova Acid rain — Rain

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Mary sidyukova Mary sidyukova

Acid rain  - Rain mixed with acids formed by gases released into theAcid rain — Rain mixed with acids formed by gases released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned.

Air pollution- The contaminati on of the atmosphere by noxious gases and particulates. Air pollution- The contaminati on of the atmosphere by noxious gases and particulates.

Water pollution - pollution of the water in rivers and lakes. Water pollution — pollution of the water in rivers and lakes.

Industrial waste- Wastes from any factory,  transportatio n apparatus,  from scientific research,Industrial waste- Wastes from any factory, transportatio n apparatus, from scientific research, dredging, sewage and scrap metal.

E xhaust fumes - gases ejected from an engine as waste products. E xhaust fumes — gases ejected from an engine as waste products.

Nuclear waste- The radioactive products formed by fission and neutron transmutatio n of materialsNuclear waste- The radioactive products formed by fission and neutron transmutatio n of materials in a reactor.

Pollution - the introduction of contaminant s into an environment that causes instability, Pollution — the introduction of contaminant s into an environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem.

Oil spill- the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment due toOil spill- the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment due to human activity.

E ndangered species- species whose numbers are so small that the species is atE ndangered species- species whose numbers are so small that the species is at risk of extinction

Greenhouse effect- increase in temperature caused when incoming solar radiation is passed but outgoingGreenhouse effect- increase in temperature caused when incoming solar radiation is passed but outgoing thermal radiation is blocked by the atmosphere.

Global warming- warming that results when solar radiation is trapped by the atmosphere. Global warming- warming that results when solar radiation is trapped by the atmosphere.

1 A power station/factory ['pauə] ['steɪʃ(ə)n] Электростанции 2 Factory waste ['fækt(ə)rɪ][weɪst] Отходы производства 31 A power station/factory [‘pauə] [‘steɪʃ(ə)n] Электростанции 2 Factory waste [‘fækt(ə)rɪ][weɪst] Отходы производства 3 Acid rain [‘æsɪd] Кислотный дождь 4 Polluted clouds Загрязненные облака 5 Air, water and soil pollution Загрязнение воздуха, воды, почвы 6 Toxic fumes [‘tɔksɪk][fjuːm] Токсические выбросы 7 Petrol [‘petr(ə)l] бензин 8 to Emit [ɪ’mɪt] выбрасывать 9 to Gather /ˈɡæðə(r)/ собирать 10 Oxygen [‘ɔksɪʤən] кислород 11 Atmosphere [‘ætməsfɪə] атмосфера 12 to Land /lænd/ Оседать, приземляться 13 Sleet /sliːt/ Дождь со снегом 14 Wipes out /waɪp/ Истреблять, уничтожать 15 Poison [‘pɔɪz(ə)n] Яд, отравлять 16 Cause [kɔːz] Причина 17 Damage [‘dæmɪʤ] вред 18 To Reduce [rɪ’djuːs] сокращать 19 Harmful [‘hɑːmf(ə)l] вредный 20 Solar power /ˈsəʊlə(r)//ˈpaʊə(r)/ Солнечная энергия 21 Environment [ɪn’vaɪər(ə)nmənt] Окружающая среда

Read the text at page 77, SB and answer the following questions.  1.Read the text at page 77, SB and answer the following questions. 1. • What is the beginning of problems? 2. • How does it happen that acid rain appears? 3. • What is the process of water and soil pollutions? 4. • What are the possible perspectives in this problem?

There are three types of environmental pollution :  • air pollution • groundThere are three types of environmental pollution : • air pollution • ground pollution • water pollution

Air pollution Air pollution

 • Historically, air pollution comes from industries and transport. Factories, power stations and • Historically, air pollution comes from industries and transport. Factories, power stations and cars burn oil and coal. This rises into the air as different forms of sulphur and nitrogen. The sulphur and nitrogen combine with water in the air to make sulphuric or nitric acid. This falls to the ground as acid rain. • We burn large quantities of coal and oil, and this creates millions of tonnes of acid rain. The wind carries the rain long distances, and this creates problems. One country makes acid rain, and it falls to the ground in another country, for example, Canada gets a lot of acid rain from the USA, and Norway gets a lot of acid rain from Britain. sulphur [’sʌlfər] n. (сущ. ) сера nitrogen [’naɪtrədʒən] n. (сущ. ) азот

The greenhouse effect Industrial countries also cause the greenhouse effect (also called “global warming”The greenhouse effect Industrial countries also cause the greenhouse effect (also called “global warming” or “climate change”). Burning coal and oil produces carbon dioxide (CO 2). The (CO 2) increases in the Earth’s atmosphere, and retains heat from the sun (it works like the glass in a greenhouse- it lets heat in, but doesn’t let the heat out). The Earth is getting hotter. Weather patterns are changing: some places have no water for years, and some places have floods. When a country has no water, the effects are very hard- in Chile in 1999, the result was electricity cuts around the country. There was no water for the hydro-electric power stations.

Ozone layer depletion The ozone layer is a band of gas around the Earth.Ozone layer depletion The ozone layer is a band of gas around the Earth. It protects us from dangerous ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. It is vital to human and animal survival. Unfortunately, we are producing chemicals which destroy the ozone layer. The damage starts in the Antarctic and spreads. Sheep in the Magallanes are becoming blind because the ozone layer is thinner. In Australia, a lot of people are getting skin cancer from the sun.

Match the words with their meanings a) pollution b) climate c) power station d)Match the words with their meanings a) pollution b) climate c) power station d) acid rain e) greenhouse effect f) radiation …. a factory which produces electricity …. world’s weather patterns …. energy from the sun …. rising temperatures around the world …. rain containing chemicals which pollute the environment. …. something that makes the earth, air or water dirty and dangerous.

2. Fill in the words from toxic fumes ,  factory waste,  acid2. Fill in the words from toxic fumes , factory waste, acid rain, natural habitats, soil pollution, plant species, solar power 1. ……… is very harmful to the environment. 2. A lot of ……………… is dumped into this river. 3. Chemicals cause ………………. . 4. …………………. is environmentally friendly. 5. Many ………… are in danger of dying out. 6. Forests fires cause many animals to lose their ………………… 7. How can I avoid breathing ………………. from cars while cycling in the city?

1. Cars burn petrol – 2.  •  Power stations emit toxic fumes1. Cars burn petrol – 2. • Power stations emit toxic fumes – 3. • This pollution is gathered in clouds – 4. • This pollution lands on trees – 5. • Sleet – 6. • It wipes out fish – 7. • It poisons trees – 8. • It has been trying to reduce – 9. • Solar power – Translate the phrases into Russian:

1. Toxic a) species 2. Factory b) Fumes 3. Acid c) Pollution 4. Natural1. Toxic a) species 2. Factory b) Fumes 3. Acid c) Pollution 4. Natural d) Power 5. Soil e) Habitats 6. Plant f) Waste 7. Solar g) rain Match the words.