Mary sidyukova Acid rain — Rain mixed

Mary sidyukova

Acid rain - Rain mixed with acids formed by gases released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned.

Air pollution. The contamination of the atmosphere by noxious gases and particulates.

Water pollution - pollution of the water in rivers and lakes.

Industrial waste. Wastes from any factory, transportation apparatus, from scientific research, dredging, sewage and scrap metal.

Exhaust fumes - gases ejected from an engine as waste products.

Nuclear waste. The radioactive products formed by fission and neutron transmutation of materials in a reactor.

Pollution - the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem.

Oil spill- the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment due to human activity.

Endangered species whose numbers are so small that the species is at risk of extinction

Greenhouse effect - increase in temperature caused when incoming solar radiation is passed but outgoing thermal radiation is blocked by the atmosphere.

Global warming - warming that results when solar radiation is trapped by the atmosphere.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 A power station/factory Factory waste Acid rain Polluted clouds Air, water and soil pollution ['pauə] ['steɪʃ(ə)n] ['fækt(ə)rɪ][weɪst] ['æsɪd] Toxic fumes Petrol to Emit to Gather Oxygen Atmosphere to Land Sleet Wipes out Poison Cause Damage To Reduce Harmful Solar power Environment ['tɔksɪk][fjuːm] ['petr(ə)l] [ɪ'mɪt] /ˈɡæðə(r)/ ['ɔksɪʤən] ['ætməsfɪə] /lænd/ /sliːt/ /waɪp/ ['pɔɪz(ə)n] [kɔːz] ['dæmɪʤ] [rɪ'djuːs] ['hɑːmf(ə)l] /ˈsəʊlə(r)//ˈpaʊə(r)/ [ɪn'vaɪər(ə)nmənt] Электростанции Отходы производства Кислотный дождь Загрязненные облака Загрязнение воздуха, воды, почвы Токсические выбросы бензин выбрасывать собирать кислород атмосфера Оседать, приземляться Дождь со снегом Истреблять, уничтожать Яд, отравлять Причина вред сокращать вредный Солнечная энергия Окружающая среда

Read the text at page 77, SB and answer the following questions. 1. • What is the beginning of problems? 2. • How does it happen that acid rain appears? 3. • What is the process of water and soil pollutions? 4. • What are the possible perspectives in this problem?

There are three types of environmental pollution: • air pollution • ground pollution • water pollution

Air pollution

• Historically, air pollution comes from industries and transport. Factories, power stations and cars burn oil and coal. This rises into the air as different forms of sulphur and nitrogen. The sulphur and nitrogen combine with water in the air to make sulphuric or nitric acid. This falls to the ground as acid rain. • We burn large quantities of coal and oil, and this creates millions of tonnes of acid rain. The wind carries the rain long distances, and this creates problems. One country makes acid rain, and it falls to the ground in another country, for example, Canada gets a lot of acid rain from the USA, and Norway gets a lot of acid rain from Britain. sulphur [’sʌlfər] n. (сущ. ) сера nitrogen [’naɪtrədʒən] n. (сущ. ) азот

The greenhouse effect Industrial countries also cause the greenhouse effect (also called “global warming” or “climate change”). Burning coal and oil produces carbon dioxide (CO 2). The (CO 2) increases in the Earth’s atmosphere, and retains heat from the sun (it works like the glass in a greenhouse- it lets heat in, but doesn’t let the heat out). The Earth is getting hotter. Weather patterns are changing: some places have no water for years, and some places have floods. When a country has no water, the effects are very hard- in Chile in 1999, the result was electricity cuts around the country. There was no water for the hydro-electric power stations.

Ozone layer depletion The ozone layer is a band of gas around the Earth. It protects us from dangerous ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. It is vital to human and animal survival. Unfortunately, we are producing chemicals which destroy the ozone layer. The damage starts in the Antarctic and spreads. Sheep in the Magallanes are becoming blind because the ozone layer is thinner. In Australia, a lot of people are getting skin cancer from the sun.

Match the words with their meanings …. a factory which produces electricity a) pollution b) climate …. world’s weather patterns …. energy from the sun c) power station d) acid rain e) greenhouse effect f) radiation …. rising temperatures around the world …. rain containing chemicals which pollute the environment. …. something that makes the earth, air or water dirty and dangerous.

2. Fill in the words from toxic fumes , factory waste, acid rain, natural habitats, soil pollution, plant species, solar power 1. ………is very harmful to the environment. 2. A lot of ……………… is dumped into this river. 3. Chemicals cause ………………. . 4. …………………. is environmentally friendly. 5. Many ………… are in danger of dying out. 6. Forests fires cause many animals to lose their ………………… 7. How can I avoid breathing ………………. from cars while cycling in the city?

Translate the phrases into Russian: 1. Cars burn petrol – 2. • Power stations emit toxic fumes – 3. • This pollution is gathered in clouds – 4. • This pollution lands on trees – 5. • Sleet – 6. • It wipes out fish – 7. • It poisons trees – 8. • It has been trying to reduce – 9. • Solar power –

1. Toxic 2. Factory 3. Acid 4. Natural 5. Soil 6. Plant 7. Solar Match the words. a) species b) Fumes c) Pollution d) Power e) Habitats f) Waste g) rain