Manifest Destiny Unit 7 Causes and Effects

Manifest Destiny Unit 7

Causes and Effects of Manifest Destiny

United States Territorial Acquisition Map

What is Manifest Destiny? • The belief that the United States was destined by God to expand throughout the Continent.

What was the Northwest Ordinance? • Passed in 1787 and set up an orderly way for western lands to become states.

How did the Northwest Ordinance allow territories to become states? • When the population reached 5, 000 the settlers could elect their own legislature and become a territory. • When the population reached 60, 000 they could apply for full statehood.

Why did the United States grow westward? • Americans wanted land. • Americans wanted gold. • White Americans felt superior to Native Americans, Mexicans, British, etc. (Racism).

What were the economic causes of Manifest Destiny? • Cheap land so that families could farm for themselves. • Opportunities to start businesses. • Maybe get rich quick with gold.

What were the social causes of Manifest Destiny? • Racism. • The belief that one race is better than others.

What were the political causes of Manifest Destiny? • As American territories grew westward. States had to decide to be free or slave. • People moved to turn states free or slave.

What were the effects of Manifest Destiny? • The United States got bigger. • Native Americans and Mexicans lost territory. • The United States became an emerging world power.

The U. S. Mexican War

What was the Texas Revolution? • Texas was a part of Mexico but revolted and became its own country in 1836. • Texas wanted to be annexed (become a state) for safety and money reasons.

Why was Texas Annexation controversial? • Texas was annexed (admitted as a state) in 1845. • Mexico was upset because they felt Texas still belonged to them.

What border issue led to the U. S. Mexican War? • Mexico and the United States disagreed about their border (Nueces River v. Rio Grande). • The Mexican and U. S. army fought in conflicted area and the U. S. Mexican War began.

Why is the U. S. Mexican War seen as a “War of Northern Aggression”? • The U. S. -Mexican War was an attempt to gain more land. • The border fight was just an excuse for war.

What is the Treaty of Guadalupe. Hidalgo? • Treaty that ended the U. S. Mexican War in 1848. • The United States gained California, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, and Nevada (CANCUN).

What is the Mexican Cession? • The Mexican Cession are the lands that Mexico lost to the United States in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. • California, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, and Nevada (CANCUN).

What was the Gadsden Purchase? • Land purchased in 1854 for 10 million dollars. • The land purchased allowed for a transcontinental railroad (across the nation).

Other Territorial Gains

What was the Louisiana Purchase? • 1803. Purchased from France for 25 million dollars. • Doubled the size of the United States.

How did the United States gain the Oregon Territory? • The Oregon Territory was established in a compromise with the British in 1846.

What was Seward’s Folly (Alaska)? • Alaska was purchased from Russia by William Seward for 7. 2 million dollars.

Trails and Migration During Manifest Destiny

What was the Mormon Trail? • Mormons were being threatened for their religious ideas and traveled to Utah from Missouri and Illinois from 18461868.

Why is the Mormon Trail important? • Mormons used the trail to practice their religious freedom, just like the Puritans and Pilgrims. • Mormons turned Utah from a desert into a successful community.

Utah Before

Utah After

What was the Santa Fe Trail? • Route or road from Mexico City and Mississippi River that went through Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Why is the Santa Fe Trail important? • Important for trade, used as the invasion route for the U. S. during the U. S. Mexican War.

What was the Oregon Trail? • Trail used from 1811 until the 1890’s. • Trail was from the Mississippi River to Oregon.

Why is the Oregon Trail important? • Over 400, 000 used the trail and it helped populate the west of the United States.

Physical Geography and Manifest Destiny

What is Physical Geography? • The climate, soil, rivers, mountains, and vegetation of a place.

Why is the Mississippi River important? • The largest river in the United States. • The river is used for transportation and for farming.

Why are the Great Plains important? • Flat land without hills, mountains, and very few trees. • The water underneath the ground (aquifers) made the Great Plains great farmland.

Why are the Rocky Mountains important? • The highest mountains in the United States. • The Rockies are very hard to cross which made the U. S. buy the Gadsden Purchase.

Why was the Pacific Ocean important? • The largest Ocean in the world. • The Pacific Ocean was the goal destination of Manifest Destiny.

How did physical geography cause the California Gold Rush? • The gold in California brought thousands of people to the state. • First step in making California the most populous state in America.

Manifest Destiny and People

How did Manifest Destiny affect the lives of millions of people? • During Manifest Destiny, thousands of miles of land became American. • Some groups lost land, others gained land opportunity. • Everyone’s life was changed.

How did Manifest Destiny affect Native Americans? • Native Americans lost most of their land during Manifest Destiny and were often moved to remote reservations.

How did Manifest Destiny affect Europeans? • Europeans from many countries, but mostly Irish, British, and Germans came to America looking for land, work, and religious freedom.

How were the Irish-Americans treated in America? • Irish Americans were discriminated against because they were Catholic and poor.

How were Asian-Americans treated in America? • Asian Americans were treated unfairly because of racism and they were seen as competition for work.

How were Mexican-Americans treated in America? • Mexican-Americans were given citizenship in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, but they were discriminated against heavily.