Management Information Systems Sixth Edition Chapter 8 The

Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition Chapter 8: The Web-Enabled Enterprise

Objectives • Describe how the Web and high-speed Internet connections are changing business operations • Explain the functionality of various Web technologies • Compare and contrast options for Web servers • Explain basic business-to-business and business -to-consumer practices on the Web • Explain the relationship between Web technologies and supply chain management Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 2

Objectives (continued) • Give examples of features and services that successful business Web sites offer • Learn about online annoyances such as spam and adware, and how to protect against online identity theft Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 3

Web Business: Growing and Changing • DLA Piper LLP is the second largest law firm in the world – 3200 lawyers in 24 countries and 63 offices around the world – Uses e. Room, a Web-based collaboration and document-sharing tool from EMC Corp. – Saves 15, 000 labor hours annually, uses and mails significantly fewer paper documents, and reduces redundant work Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 4

Web Technologies: A Review • Several standards and technologies enable the Web to deliver rich information, including: – HTTP, HTML, XML – File Transfer – RSS – Blogs – Wikis – Podcasting – IM – Cookies Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 5

HTTP • Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): transfer and download Web information • HTTPS: HTTP secure for confidential data exchange • Uniform Resource Locator (URL): unique address given to each Web site – IP address: a special numeric address • Domain name: unique name for a Web site, constructed with letters – URL also refers to the domain name Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 6

HTML and XML • Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): helps developer create Web pages – Determines look and location of content • Extensible Markup Language (XML): enables creation of various data types – Conveys the meaning or content of the data • XHTML: combination of XML and HTML – Uses opening and closing tags to control format Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 7

Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 8

File Transfer • File Transfer Protocol (FTP): used to transmit whole files – Used in all downloads from Web sites – Any type of file can be transferred – Can place files on a server for shared use – Often used to deliver purchased software products on Web sites Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 9

RSS • Really Simple Syndication (RSS): family of XML file formats that allow automatic downloads of content on a subscription basis – Helps users check for updates – Communicates short descriptions of content – Allows transmittal of new information – Useful on news Web sites – Also called Rich Site Summary Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 10

Blogs • Blog: contraction of “Web log” – Invites surfers to post opinions and art – Focuses on a topic or set of topics – Trackback: a tool that notifies bloggers when their posts have been mentioned elsewhere on the Web • Blogs are often used by businesses • Importance of blogs to commercial organizations is to find out what blog participants think and say about the organization Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 11

Wikis • Wiki (from Hawaiian, meaning “quick”): Web application that enables users to add to and edit the contents of Web pages – All the software required to edit the Web pages is embedded in the pages themselves • Wikipedia: a popular online encyclopedia • Wiki technology is a popular ingredient in groupware (software used for collaboration) Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 12

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Podcasting • Podcast: publishing sound and video on the Web for download – Usually on a subscription basis • Uses include: – “Time-shifted” broadcast of radio station programs for later listening – Audio tours in museums – Lectures in distance learning courses – Garageband. com • Allows aspiring musicians to post music tracks Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 14

Activity on Twitter and Blogging • Create a Twitter account if you have one. • Follow our own CIS Account CIS-COM or find CISCOM 96941 • Follow two people/organization that has to do with technologies • Follow 1 celebrity that you like • Follow 1 person/organization that has to with Micronesia • Tweet something about yourself • Response/Reply to my tweet for today. • Read some article in one of the account about technology that you have followed. • Tweet something about it. • Retweet any tweet that you like to re-tweet • Post your experience at www. blogger. com (a Google email account is more preferable to login here). Make sure that you put your name on your blog. • Send your blog link to nationalcis@gmail. com with the title My Blog – Your name follows Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 15

Instant Messaging • Instant messaging (IM): real-time chat – Form of synchronized e-mail – Chat room: communicate with a group – Free applications for IM include: • • • AIM: AOL instant Messenger Yahoo Messenger MSN Messenger ICQ Trillian – Business uses • Customers can chat with sales or support reps Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 16

Cookies • Cookie: small file that stores information about a Web site visitor, stored on the visitor’s computer – Usually records the surfer’s ID – Often stores the surfer’s preferences – Provides convenience to consumers – Can be temporary (single session) or permanent – Potential for intrusion into surfer privacy • Clickstream tracking: tracks a surfer’s clicking activities • Spyware: traces and reports online behavior Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 17

Proprietary Technologies • Proprietary technology: intellectual property of developer, not free for all to use • Examples: – Local search engine – Shopping cart applications – Wish lists – Video streaming tools – Tools to analyze and predict Web visitor behavior, especially shopper behavior Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 18

Web-Enabled Business • Web-enabled business are classified according to the interacting parties: – Business-to-business (B 2 B) – Business-to-consumer (B 2 C) – Government-to-business – Government-to-consumer Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 19

B 2 B Trading • Business-to-business (B 2 B): trading between businesses only • B 2 B forms include advertising through: – Search advertising: advertisements placed on a search site result page – Banners: images placed on Web sites that link to a company site selling a product or service • Impression: occurs when a page with a banner is downloaded • Reach percentage: the percentage of Web users who visited a site in the past month Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 20

Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 21

B 2 B Trading (continued) • Exchanges and auctions act as online marketplaces • Intranet: network used only by employees of an organization • Extranet: network shared by employees of different organizations, usually business partners • Exchange: extranet for organizations that deal in products and services of a particular type – Exchange operator profits from transaction fees • Auction: sells a great variety of items Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 22

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B 2 B Trading (continued) • Online business alliances: collaboration between businesses in establishing a Web site – Site operator works for the allied companies – Suppliers are invited to sell through the site and compete among themselves, driving prices down Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 24

B 2 C Trading • Business-to-consumer (B 2 C): trading with the general public • E-Tailing: online retailing to consumers • Fulfillment activities: picking, packing, shipping • Consumer profiling: know customers better by gathering information about their online activities – Some consider this a violation of privacy • Conversion rate: the proportion of site visitors who make a purchase Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 25

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Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 27

B 2 C Trading (continued) • Auction sites serve as a hub for consumers to buy and sell • Reverse auction: customers name their own price for desired goods and services • Content providers: offer information, artistic work, classified ads, and video • Electronic bill presentment and payment (EBBP): provides online bills and payment options for customers • Phishing: type of fraud involving a fake Web site Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 28

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Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 30

Detecting Fraud • Go to www. staysecureonline. com • Click the Staying Safe Online • Do Practice Lap first • Then do the Actual Race • Make a blog of what you learn on how to do detect Fraudulent websites online • Post your blog link on the my Twitter account under the header “Post your Detecting Fraud Online blog here” Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 31

B 2 C Trading (continued) • Extra-organizational workforce: – Companies purchase labor from a larger pool • Mobile commerce, or M-commerce: – Business conducted on mobile devices • Many experts believe that information delivery is the main mobile application, not commerce – Exceptions are Japan and South Korea – Japan’s Do. Co. Mo’s i-mode service allows users of smart cell phones to purchase canned soda from vending machines, fast food Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 32

B 2 C Trading (continued) • M-commerce also raises privacy concerns – GPS provides location tracking • New top-level domain names with. mobi available for mobile applications – Sites should use special technologies to optimize content for easy viewing on mobile devices • Virtual world: a combination of images, video, sound, and avatars that resemble the real world – Accessible for interaction by subscribers • Avatar: 3 D graphical character that represents a user in a virtual world Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 33

Supply Chains on the Web • Supply chain management (SCM) systems may be connected to the Web to allow suppliers to participate directly – Use of XML allows companies to set standards for data exchange • Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): a system used prior to the Web to exchange documents electronically – Set standards for data formats – EDI networks are owned and managed by valueadded network (VAN) companies Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 34

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E-Commerce is Every Commerce • Web technologies have been highly integrated into the business world – Difficult to identify which business activities are on the Internet and which are not • Web has been highly integrated into daily activities of customers also • Commerce and e-commerce generally have the same meaning today Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 36

Final Project • Make a mobile app that would act as a reminder for your classes using the ionic creator framework in http: //ionic. io/products/creator • Your app is going to remind you the following: • Upcoming test or exam • Assignment due • Class presentation or reporting • You need to team up with one student. • (Continued on next page) Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 37

Final Project (cont’d) • Make a screen shot of each tab of your app and write down how it works in detail. Do it in MS Word. • Also share the link of your app and paste it in your MS Word. • Also in your app identify the different elements of an IS, namely, the people, hardware, software, data, telecommunications and procedure. • Criteria for scoring: • Creativity (40%) • Adherence to requirements (30%) • Teamwork (30%) • Send your work to nationalcis@gmail. com Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 38

Summary • Some industries have changed drastically because of the Web • HTTP is an Internet standard controlling Web server addresses • HTTPS is a security version of HTTP • XML is a standard for description of data • Blogs enable people to create discussion Web pages Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 39

Summary (continued) • Cookies help Web sites personalize the visitor’s experience • Many Web technologies are proprietary • A business can maintain its own Web server or use a Web hosting service • Organizations should consider several factors when selecting a Web host • Web-enabled commerce is classified into B 2 B and B 2 C Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 40

Summary (continued) • B 2 B trading relies on electronic data interchange (EDI) and XML • Wireless handheld computers allow mobile commerce, called m-commerce • Online businesses must adhere to several factors to be successful • Virtual worlds provide a means to meet and conduct business and social activities on the Web • Spam and spyware online annoyances • Phishing is a pervasive fraud crime Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition 41