Management in Family practice Dr. JAWAHER AL-AHMADI MB. ABFM. SBFM. MD
Programme n n n Management option Problem solving Compliance 40 MIN 60 MIN 10 MIN
Some early truths to remember The patient is as frightened as you are The patient think is more serious than you Illness is frightening but understanding what is going on helps
Diagnostic process Cues Clinical, behvioral Hypothesis revise Hypothesis testing Diagnosis managment Outcome evaluation Unexpected cues
Management option (CRAPRIOP) n Clarifications Reassurance n Advice n Prescribing n Referral n Investigation n Observations n Prevention n
Involve pt. in management n n Choosing options Self–help & compliance
Clarifications (CRAPRIOP) n n n n Good listing Feedback Flexible Respect Right way Personal experience Using patient cues
Reassurance (CRAPRIOP) n n n n Active listening Objective discussion Physical examination The diagnosis most probably is ---It is common disease (prevalence is ----% The treatment is (-----) safety & effectivnss The prognosis is ------
Advice (CRAPRIOP) n n n n Explanation about the disease and the important of the management Short accurate information Organization Use the right way & practical method Response to patient cues Feed back & encouragement How to help himself
Prescribing (CRAPRIOP)
prescription n A prescription is a physician's written instruction to a pharmacist to dispense medication for a patient. It includes directions to the pharmacist regarding the preparation and to the patient regarding use of the medication. However, a prescription represents much more than these directions. A prescription focuses on one slip of paper the diagnostic and therapeutic proficiency of the physician.
n n Drug information must be provided to the patient in an understandable manner Communication can be both verbal and written. Comprehensive written patient information should be a supplement to face-to-face discussion between the physician and the patient. Pharmacist colleagues also contribute to patient education efforts
Adverse drug reactions n n Adverse drug reactions have been said to be the inevitable price paid for the benefits of modern drug therapy. The reported incidence of adverse drug reactions ranges from 1 to 28 percent. Drug-induced hospitalizations account for approximately 5 percent of all admissions. Between 5 and 30 percent of hospitalized patients experience adverse drug reactions
Referral (CRAPRIOP) n n To whom ? What for ? diagnosis treatment shared care When ? How ? patient opinion explanation referral letter
Investigation (CRAPRIOP) n n n Why ? How ? Misuse
Why n n For Diagnosis For follow up For reassurance For screeneening
How ? n n n Explanation Be gradual Non invasive
misuse n n As routine Unable to deal with it
Observation (CRAPRIOP) n n Follow up appointment To do what
Prevention (CRAPRIOP) n n n Anticipatory care Opportunistic health promotion Modification of help sickening behavior
Case 1 n n n n Salwa is 40 yrs house wife presented with headache. She had headache for years. She was seen by several doctors ( ENT, allergist, neurologist) CT scan normal Her pain improved by paracetamol temporally. By history she has (tension + migraine ) Family history of DM O/E: normal
Case 2 n n Huda 32 yrs mother of two boys, complain from diarrhea 2 days mild pain and nausea. No fever or bloody stools. She has 6 -8 stools motion per day. O/E: normal
Case 3 n n n Sara 33 yrs with 6 day nasal congestion and rhinorrhea. For 2 days her nasal discharge became greenish. She has headache and pain on bending. No history of asthma on the family O/E: nose: swollen erythematous turbinates sinuses: tender maxillary
Case 4 n n n Sami 5 yrs boy is smaller than other boys His past medical Hx is fine O/E : Ht below 3 rd centile other is normal
Case 5 n Sameera, a 40 -year old house wife, is diabetic. She was diagnosed 5 year ago and always had blood sugars of 12 -15 mmole/liter. She tells you that she has stopped taking her 5 mg glibenclamide and start taking herbal medicine
poor compliance
Disease n n Psychiatric disorders Chronic illness (especially if asymptomatic) Minimal disability Asymptomatic or decreased symptoms
Therapeutic regimen n n n n Multiple drug therapy Higher frequency of administration Longer duration of therapy Adverse effects Higher cost of medication Administration of medication Poor taste of medication Slow onset of therapeutic effect
Physician-patient interaction n n Poor physician-patient relationship Inadequate follow-up or contact with physician Poor understanding of instructions Importance that physician places on adherence
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