Major World Relgions Judaism the Israelites

Major World Relgions

Judaism & the Israelites The Hebrews and Judaism Preview • Main Idea • The Early Hebrews • The Kingdom of Israel • Map: Israel and Judah • The Teachings of Judaism

Judaism & the Israelites Do Now • Who were the ‘Children of Israel’? (pg 31)

Judaism & the Israelites The Hebrews and Judaism Main Idea The ancient Hebrews and their religion, Judaism, have been a major influence on Western civilization. Reading Focus • What are the major events in the history of the early Hebrews? • How did the Kingdom of Israel develop and who were some of its key leaders? • What are the basic teachings and sacred texts of Judaism?

Judaism & the Israelites Do Now • In Judaism, to what does the covenant refer? – Abraham’s original agreement with God that his people would have land – Moses and the renewed covenant when he received the Ten Commandments

Judaism & the Israelites The Early Hebrews The Hebrews were the ancestors of the Jews, and most of what we know, including the laws and requirements of their religion, Judaism, comes from their later writings. Hebrew Fathers Moses and Exodus Promised Land • The Torah • Slaves in Egypt • Israelites in desert • Abraham, father of the Hebrews • Moses • Canaan • Pharaoh, plagues • God’s covenant • Exodus • Land of “milk and honey” • 12 Tribes of Israel • Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were patriarchs • Israelites in Egypt – Israelites out of Egypt • Israelites battled for land – Passover • Canaan = Israel • The Ten Commandments

Judaism & the Israelites Sequencing What are some key events, in order, in early Israelite history? Answer(s): Abraham traveled to Canaan, 1800 BC; Moses appeared among Hebrews in Egypt, 1200 s BC; the Exodus; delivery of Ten Commandments to Moses; Hebrews wander desert for 40 years; invasion of Philistines to Israel, mid-1000 s BC; Saul named first king of Israel, mid-1000 s BC; David named second king of Israel, 1000 BC; Solomon named third king of Israel, 865 BC

Judaism & the Israelites The Kingdom of Israel The Period of the Judges • • Scattered communities No central government Judges enforce laws Prophets keep Israelites focused on faith Saul, David, Solomon • • Israelites united against Philistines Saul, first Israelite king Never won full support David, second king Strong king, gifted poet Solomon, David’s son Israel reached height of wealth Division and Conquest • • Conflict after Solomon’s death Two kingdoms, Israel and Judah 722 BC, Israel fell to Assyrians 586 BC, Judah fell to Chaldeans enslaved Jews Diaspora = scattering of Jews Persians conquered Chaldeans

Judaism & the Israelites

Judaism & the Israelites Find the Main Idea Why are Saul, David and Solomon significant? Answer(s): They were the first kings of Israel; they unified the Israelites under the Kingdom of Israel.

Judaism & the Israelites The Teachings of Judaism Religion the foundation of Hebrew and Jewish societies • Belief in One God – Monotheism • Justice and Righteousness – Kindness, fairness, code of ethics • Obedience to the Law – Ten Commandments, Mosaic Law • Jewish Sacred Texts – Torah, Talmud

Judaism & the Israelites Identify Supporting Details What are the central beliefs of Judaism? Answer(s): belief in one god for all peoples; obedience to the Ten Commandments; justice and righteousness

Judaism & the Israelites Days we get off for… • Alternates between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, two very close holy days • Rosh Hashanah – God writes one’s fate for the year in the Book of Life • Yom Kippur – The Day of Atonement. God seal’s the book and one is considered absolved by God.

Judaism & the Israelites

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