Major Battle of the RW Rock H 7

Battle Strategy • Remember the First Battles: – Lexington and Concord- – Bunker Hill- , Patriots found that they can compete at this battle. • British wanted to split the colonies into to half fighting in the North and South (Hudson River) • America wanted to fight a defensive war. • = Americans = British

• • Fort Ticonderoga 5/1775 : Benedict Arnold, Ethan Allen : Capt. William De La Place Battle – Located just north of the Hudson River in NY – Fort Ticonderoga was a stronghold throughout the Revolutionary War in America during the years of 1775 to 1783. – In 1775, Patriots attacked while the British were sleeping and took the fort without loses on either side. • British recaptured the fort in 1777.

HUDSON R.

• • 8/1776 : Washington : William Howe Battle of Long Island – British realized the importance of NYC and Harbor after being pushed out of Boston. – British shelled Long Island using 3 navy boats – Instead of another Bunker Hill, the British laid siege on Long Island • Siege- to surround your enemy and not allow supplies to reach them. – Washington retreated and gave up the major city of New York

The retreat from Long Island GW “ 1 st” Crossing

• • Vincennes 2/1778 : George Rogers Clark : Henry (the Hairbuyer) Hamilton Battle – The British are protected by a large fort @ Vincennes – British did not expect an attack due to flooding – Clark sneaks up to the fort and pretends to have a bigger force • Lays siege – Clark would execute natives loyal to the British causing the British to panic and surrender.

• • Battle of Quebec 12/1775 : Benedict Arnold : General James Wolfe Battle – Weather was around -31 degrees – Quebec was a supply city in the north for British troops who shipped goods on the St. Lawrence R. – Both side had ~ 1200 men, Quebec had cannons – Arnold was able to attack at night and penetrate the fort walls. – British reinforcements arrived and drove back the Americans

• • Battle of Trenton (NJ) 12/26/1776 : GW : Col. Rall (mortally wounded) Battle – Patriots need a victory after losing NYC. – Hessians had been up late the night before celebrating Christmas – Washington crossed the Delaware, and surprise attacked the Hessians. – Patriots took 1000 prisoners/muskets, 6 cannon – Washington carries this victory to win at Princeton on 1/3/77.

• • 10/4/1777 : GW : Col. Mawhood Battle of Germantown (PA) – American intelligence reports of the divided British army dared Washington plan an assault on Germantown. – Washington’s troops were winning the battle until a fog rolled in and one of the four columns of soldiers got lost. • This caused the other columns march disorganized • Chew House was heavily defend by the British – Patriots believed that the loss was bad timing and luck ONLY.

Chew House

• • Battle of Saratoga (NY) 10/7/1777 : Horatio Gates/B. Arnold : Gen. Burgoyne Battle – Burgoyne captures Fort Ticonderoga in July 1777. – Burgoyne moves slowly back to NYC along the Hudson River • American burned bridges and used Guerilla Warfare to slow Burgoyne and drain his food and supplies. – Patriots win Bemis Height, Burgoyne surrender all his troops. • Benedict Arnold is wounded in second battle. – French decide to ally with America.

1. Add Color to the Army blocks correctly- Legend 2. Color the Hudson River 3. Add fire where stars are 4. Above the British line draw a tent with a soldier sleeping on top of it

Burgoyne Surrenders to Gates

Tower at Victory, New York where the surrender occurred.

Battle at Camden and Guilford's Courthouse Camden, NC Guilford's Courthouse, SC • 1/1781 • Horatio Gates • Lord Cornwallis • 3/1781 • Nathaniel Greene • Lord Cornwallis • The Americans move there troops to take the South. • British regulars easily beat the fresh militia that made of General Gates' force. Many militia fled before even firing a shot. • Gates is nicely fired • Using the terrain, General Greene had a successful and devastating first attack. • General Cornwallis was able to steady his troops and Greene withdrew. • The casualties that Cornwallis took were the final straw in a series of setbacks. He abandoned the Carolinas and marched for Virginia.

Cowpens

• • Battle of Yorktown 10/1781 : GW, de Lafayette, de Grasse : Lord Cornwallis Battle – Cornwallis was maneuvering his troops against de Lafayette throughout VA. – Washington moved his troops toward VA from NYC. • British General Clinton didn’t care because he felt his navy would take Washington down. • Comte de Grasse arrives in the Chesapeake Bay a day after the British Fleet left. • Official siege operations began on October 9, 1781. General Cornwallis attempted to hold out until reinforcements but was surrounded by Washington's troops and the French Navy. – Cornwallis (British) surrenders on Oct. 20, 1781

Add the color and fill the legend Make Purple= Green Add green to the ships Add arrows and earthenwork. s

Claiming he was ill, Cornwallis sent Brigadier General Charles O'Hara in his stead. Richard Butler accepted his sword but was ripped out of his hands by Von Stueben.

The World Turned Upside Down If buttercups buzz'd after the bee, If boats were on land, churches on sea, If ponies rode men and if grass ate the cows, And cats should be chased into holes by the mouse, If the mamas sold their babies To the gypsies for half a crown; If summer were spring and the other way round, Then all the world would be upside down.