Mafia - is a party game, modeling a battle between an informed minority and an uninformed majority. Players are secretly assigned roles: either "mafia", who know each other; or "townspeople", who know only the number of mafia amongst them.
History of the game Murderer – Europe, XX century Dmitry Davidoff is the game's creator. He dates the first game to spring 1986 at the Psychology Department of Moscow State University, spreading to classrooms, dorms, and summer camps of Moscow University
The game became popular in other Soviet colleges and schools and in the 1990 s it began to be played in Europe (Slovakia, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Hungary, Poland, Romania and in Belgium, Great Britain as well) The first appearance of the game "Mafia" in USA is documented in 1989, at a summer camp in Pennsylvania Davidoff found out his game in Boston in 1991 1995 – Mafia known as Kasar Khatani in Norway (La Piovra)
By the mid nineties a version of the game became a Latvian television series (with a parliamentary setting, and played by Latvian celebrities) In 1998 the Kaliningrad Higher school of the Internal Affairs Ministry published the methodical textbook Nonverbal communications. Developing role-playing games 'Mafia' and 'Murderer' for a course on Visual psych diagnostics, to teach various methods of reading body language and nonverbal signals
In March 2006 Ernest Fedorov was running a Mafia Club in Kiev, using his own patented variation of the rules. Appearance of a variety options of the game on TV and Internet (PBEM based on Galaxy, forum portals Absolute Games, Ru-Board, Сomrade; mafiaonline. ru (since 2004), maffia. rambler. ru (2006), maffia. ru (2007), maflands. com. ua и mafia. vizheneo. com (since 2009)
Gameplay and an uninformed majority. Players are secretly assigned roles: either “mafia”, who know each other; or “citizens”, who know only the number of mafia amongst them. In the game’s “night” phase the mafia covertly ‘murder’ a citizen. During the day phase, all of the surviving players debate the identities of the mafia and vote to eliminate a suspect. Play continues until all of the mafia have been eliminated, or until the mafia outnumber the citizens.
Main roles Townspeople (the innocents) Mafia (who win by killing off the innocents)
Main roles Sheriff (an innocent who can detect mafia members) Doctor (an innocent who can protect other innocents from attack)
Other roles DON - is the head of the Mafia. If gangsters can’t make a decision Don takes a charge and kills somebody by himself. LOLA - this unscrupulous girl of dazzling beauty wakes up one night and invites to itself one of townspeople. The townspeople occupied with her love joys can't die in the day.
Other roles MANIAC or KILLER - in the childhood on his walls were images of Charlie Manson and Freddi Kruger. Now the boy has grown up and he also bosses a knife in streets of a sleeping city. The maniac doesn't submit to any laws. It don't interest neither money, nor glory. Every night he chooses a victim who leaves day discussion for one day (or dies). Only blood or sexual satisfaction is necessary for him.
Other roles Investigative roles (standard) – любопытные следователи —Detective, Seer, Commandant, Sheriff etc. Investigative roles (less common) – любопытные следователи —Psychic, Wizard, Fortune Teller, Oracle, etc. Omniscient roles - всезнающие —Witness, Child, Little Girl, etc. Protective roles - защищающие —Guardian Angel, Doctor, Bodyguard, Hero, etc. Killing roles - убивающие —Vigilante, Hunter, Bomb, Woodcutter, etc. Alignment roles - совпадающие —Miller, Godfather, Alpha Wolf, Wildcard, etc.
Other roles Double-agent roles – двойные агенты —Traitor, Possessed, Undercover Cop, Godfather, etc. Role manipulators - манипуляторы —Role-blocker, Bus Driver, Thief, Barman, etc. Recruitment roles - вербовщики —Godfather, Psychiatrist, Piper, Cult Leader, etc. Association roles – командные игроки —Freemasons (Masons), Siblings, Lovers, Police, etc. Election roles - предопределяющие —Doublevoter, Priest, Rabble Rouser, Lawyer, etc. u
Other roles Handicapped roles - больные —Murr, Drunk, Village Idiot, Teenage Werewolf, etc. Handicapper roles – спасители для больных —Silencer, Dentist, etc. Post-mortem roles – патологоанатомы, аналитики —Dark Background, Priest, Medium, Coroner, etc. Reanimation roles – с кошачьими жизнями —Reviver, Governor, Martyr, Witch, etc. Rule-immune Roles - ненаказуемые —Bulletproof, Oracle, Elder, etc. Special roles - особые —Baker, Village Idiot, Cobbler, etc.
Two main methodsof detecting for citizens Analytical. Player's decision based on objective data , that is, the hard facts , such as , for example, selfrecognition irrefutable evidence ( "punctures " ), elimination method by the results of voting Intuitive. Team decision Intuit subjectively , based on assumptions and interpretations discussion by interpreting verbal statements (including reservations), intonation , facial expressions , gestures. Intuit can not distinguish between Mafia and Sheriff, he just see his superiority.
Mafia gestures
Black player
Red player
Sheriff’s/Don’s request to check
I’m a Sheriff
I’m thinking Surrender/Give up
I’m a Sheriff
Pls recall it's a cinch
let me speak ? ? ?
I’m a Don
Our rules If you break any of rules you should be ready to get a penalty. If you receive 2 penalties – your next speech will be 30 seconds short. If you receive 3 penalties you won’t participate in the vote. If you receive the 4 th penalty you’ll be asked to leave the table at once without having a word. Each speech players finish with the words “thank you”. Players shouldn’t use Russian words during the game Players shouldn’t interrupt during someone’s speech. Players don’t have the right to touch another player during the game. Players don’t have the right to show any gestures during the night, except the cases when they are asked by the moderator. Players can say anything about the card they are holding; they won’t just have an opportunity to show it until the end of the game. No penalties for lying or telling the truth, but you can get a penalty for swearing. Whatever happens, players must follow the instructions given by the moderator.
Interesting facts Mafia was called one of the 50 most historically significant games published since 1800 by about. com With the help of "Mafia" Japanese high school students preparing for future role of jury The game Mafia is used for treating from gambling in China In March 2006 Ernest Fedorov was running a Mafia Club in Kiev, using his own patented variation of the rules January 4, 1999 another MSU student Alexey Tarasov created the first website for the game "Mafia" by PBEM type MAFIA also known as Werewolf, Assassin or Witch Hunt
References http: //web. archive. org/web/19990302082118/http: //me mbers. theglobe. com/mafia_rules/ "One Night Werewolf | Board Game | Board. Game. Geek". Retrieved 25 February 2014. François Haffner (1999 -02 -22). "Questions to Dimitry Davidoff about the creation of Mafia on the French website". Jeuxsoc. fr. Retrieved 2011 -04 -11. Cross, D. (June 2005). "Mafia Party EXTRA TIPS". Vice Magazine. http: //forums. corsairsharbour. ru/showthread. php? t=2745 http: //englishmafiaclub. com/ru/mafia-gamegestures. html
Glossary What a good chance! - Какая удача! I don't know what to say! - У меня нет слов! Oh, damn! - Черт возьми! Alas! - Увы! Really? - Действительно? What a pity! - Как жаль! I can't believe it! Невероятно! I hope so. - Надеюсь, что это так. I feel ill (sad, disgusted). - Мне плохо (грустно, противно). I feel good. - Мне хорошо. Vice versa! (Just the opposite!) Наоборот! Not a bit! (Nothing of the kind!) Ничего подобного! Allied with the. . – вступил в союз с. . Traitor - предатель No way! - Ни в коем случае! With (great) pleasure. - С (огромным) удовольствием. It is none of your business! - Это Вас не касается. That's too much! - Это чересчур! Solve a case- раскрыть преступление That's wonderful (superb, marvelous)! - Это прекрасно (великолепно, чудесно)! My feelings are hurt. - Мои чувства задеты. My hope is betrayed. - Мои надежды разбиты. Absolutely! - Безусловно! Exactly so! - Именно так! Who knows! - Кто знает! Suspect – подозреваемый Fame up – подстава Determine – принимать решения