“Los Mandatos” Commands Por: Martha Abeille Profesora de Español
MENU Meaning Types of “Mandatos” (Commands) “Mandatos” with Irregular verbs “Mandatos” and Direct and Indirect Objects Exercise © mabeille Press the Esc Key to exit
Meaning The word “mandato” means “command” in English This grammar structure is called “Los Mandatos” or “La Forma Imperativa” en Español. © mabeille
Types of “Mandatos” (Commands) Click the boxes The commands in Spanish can be: 1. Informal: commands given to a friend (tú). 2. Formal: commands given to an adult to show respect (usted). 3. Group: commands given to a group of people (ustedes and nosotros). They can be affirmative and negative. © mabeille
Affirmative Informal commands (tú) Negative Informal commands To create affirmative informal commands, drop the –s ending –s of the tú form of the verb. You can make a Mandato informal (tú) Negativo using no before the verb and changing the opposite vowel in the last syllable and adding -s at the end of the last syllable. Ejm. (tú) hablas (tú) comes (tú) describes ¡Habla! ¡Come! ¡Describe! Note: We use the same form as the Ud. /él/ella form in present tense. -ar verbs e Affirmative Negative ¡Habla! ¡No hables! -er and -ir verbs a ¡Come! ¡Describe! ¡No comas! ¡No describas! Important: the pronouns tú and usted are not used in the command Important: form. Usted and tú are implied. © mabeille
Affirmative Formal commands (usted) You can write formal affirmative commands by changing the opposite vowel in the last syllable. Negative Formal Commands (usted) You can make a Mandato formal (usted) Negative using no before the verb. It Is not necessary to change the opposite vowel in the last syllable neither to add -s at the end of the last syllable. Example: (ud. ) hablar (ud. ) comer (ud. ) describir ¡Hable! ¡Coma! ¡Describa! Affirmative Negative ¡Hable! ¡No hable! ¡Coma! ¡Describa! ¡No coma! ¡No describa! Important: the pronouns tú and usted are not used in the command Important: form. Usted and tú are implied. © mabeille
Affirmative commands (ustedes) You can write formal affirmative command by changing the opposite vowel in the last syllable. Ejm. (ustedes) hablan ¡Hablen! (ustedes) comen ¡Coman! (ustedes) describen ¡Describan! Affirmative commands (nosotros) You can write affirmative (nosotros) command by changing the opposite vowel in the last syllable. Ejm. (nosotros) hablamos (nosotros) comemos (nosotros) describimos . Important: the pronouns ustedes and nosotros are not used in the Important: command form. Ustedes and nosotros are implied. © mabeille ¡Hablemos! ¡Comamos! ¡Describamos!
“Mandatos” with Irregular verbs Some verbs have irregular informal affirmative commands. These are the actual commands There is no ending to add or conjugation to perform, but you have to memorize them. irregular verbs tú tener (to have) ten hacer (to do) ustedes nosotros tengan tengamos haz - No hagas hagan hagamos poner (to put) pon - No hagas pongan pongamos ser (to be) sé séan séamos decir (to say) di - No digas digan digamos ir (to go) ve - No veas vayan vayamos venir (to come) ven - No vengas vengan vengamos salir (to leave) sal - No salgas salgan salgamos © mabeille - No tengas - No séas These are just some examples of commands with irregular verbs
“Mandatos” with Direct and Indirect Objects When using an affirmative tú command with a direct or indirect object pronoun, attach the pronoun to the verb. If the command form has more than two syllables, we must add an accent mark to show that the stress remains in the same place. Direct Object Pronouns yo - me tú - te Él/ella/ud. - lo, la Examples: Dime la verdad. Digame la verdad nosotros – nos ellos/ellas/ustedes -los/las Indirect Object Pronouns yo - me tú - te Él/ella/ud. - le nosotros – nos ellos/ellas/ustedes - les (tú informal) (usted formal) Explícale a tu maestro porque llegas tarde todos los días. (tú informal) Explíquele a su maestro porque llega tarde todos los días. (usted formal) Danos libros. Denos libros. © mabeille (tú informal) (usted formal)
Mandato with simple pronoun If a single pronoun is used with an affirmative command, attach it to the end of the command. Haz la tarea. (tú) (Do the homework) (Do it) Pon los libros en el pupitre. (tú) Ponlos en el pupitre. (Put the books on the desk) (Put them on the desk) Abra la puerta. (ud. ) Abrala (Open the door) © mabeille Hazla (Open it. )
Exercises 1. Rent the house. (tú) Rentas la casa. Renta la casa. 2. Pass the rulers. (usted) Pasa las reglas. Pase las reglas. 3. Raise your hand. (ustedes) Levanten su mano. Levanta tu mano. 4. Eat healthy food. (tú) Come alimentos sanos. © mabeille Coman alimentos sanos.
More exercises 5. Don’t write the essay now. (tú) No escriben el ensayo ahora. No escribas el ensayo ahora. 6. Let’s watch the movie. (nosotros) Ven la película Veamos la película. 7. Pay attention. (tú) Ponemos atención. Pon atención. © mabeille
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