London`s bridges LONDON`S BRIDGES
Twenty-four bridges span the Thames in London, from Kew Bridge to Tower Bridge. Some railway bridges are footbridges, however most are road bridges. The oldest is London Bridge, which was originally made from wood. In 1209 it was replaced by a stone bridge with shops and houses along its sides. This was followed by a granite bridge in 1831, and the present concrete bridge in 1973.
Tower Bridge has stood over the River Thames in London since 1894 and is one of the finest, most recognisable bridges in the world. It is the London bridge you tend to see in movies and on advertising literature for London. Tower Bridge is the only Thames bridge which can be raised. Its middle section can be raised to permit large vessels to pass the Tower Bridge. Massive engines raise the bridge sections, which weigh about 1000 tons each, in just over a minute. It used to be raised about 50 times a day, but nowadays it is only raised 4 to 5 times a week. Tower Bridge is 60 meters long with towers that rise to a height of 43 meters. London Bridge is between the City of London and Southwark, it is between Railway Bridge and Tower Bridge. London’s original bridge made this one of the most famous bridge in the world.
The first London Bridge is thought to have been built by the Romans sometime in the first century, with several rebuilds over the centuries. Eventually wooden bridges were replaced with stone bridges, the first one being started in 1176 and finished years later. Throughout its history, London bridge has been a busy thoroughfare, and was once lined with shops. The road over the bridge was only about 4 m wide between the shops. It was so narrow it often jammed with people, horses and carts. In 1733 a ‘keep left’ rule was enforced to keep the traffic moving. This became the rule of the road in Britain. In 1757 the houses and shops on the bridge were demolished. A new bridge was built in 1831 to replace the old one. This in turn was demolished in 1967 and rebuilt in Lake Havasu City, USA, as a tourist attraction. The present London bridge opened in 1973.
Millennium Bridge The Millennium Bridge: 2000 The Millennium bridge is a pedestrian bridge erected to connect the Tate Modern Art Gallery to the City and St Paul’s Cathedral. Almost immediately after opening the bridge had to be shut because of dangerous swaying. It has now been reopened. The Millennium bridge is about 320 metres, costs 16 million pounds to build and only takes pedestrians.
Southwark. Bridge Southwark Bridge is a road-bridge linking Southwark and the City across the River Thames. It was designed by Ernest George and Basil Mott and opened in 1921.
Blackfriars Railway Bridge is a railway bridge crossing the River Thames between Blackfriars Bridge and Millennium Bridge.
Westminster Bridge is a road and foot traffic bridge over the River Thames between Westminster and Lambeth. The current Westminster Bridge was opened in 1862 to replace an earlier bridge which dated from 1750. There had been a ford at low tide here since Roman times and many historians believe that the Romans used to wade cross the river near this poin.
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