Living on the Edge: 1950 s Brinkmanship What are the Cold War policies of the 1950 s?
The Arms Race • 1949: Soviets develop & test their own atomic weapon • 1952: US develops the more powerful Hydrogen Bomb, Soviets have H-Bomb in 1953 – arms race between US/USSR • Use weapons for brinkmanship (push each other to brink of war for an advantage) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=NNc. QX 033 V_M&safe=act ive
Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) • Sec of State John Foster Dulles: US will use massive nuclear retaliation if our interests attacked (MAD) • New Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev states Soviets will also uses massive retaliation - Soviets develop Vostok Rocket, could hit US w/ nuke
Cold War Spreads Around the World - Eisenhower fears nuclear war, authorizes CIA chief Allen Dulles to use covert action to stop communism -1953: Iran’s PM Mosaddeq nationalizes Iran’s oil wells, US backed Shah flees, CIA backed coup removes PM returns Shah to power -1954: Socialist Jacobo Arbenz elected President of Guatemala, CIA backed coup removes him from power, army rules country
Suez Canal Crisis • 1956: Egyptian Pres Nasser seizes British-controlled Suez Canal • Britain, France, Israel take back the canal & then occupy parts of Egypt, Nasser asks UN to intervene • Soviets say this is an example of western imperialism, demand Nasser be given back canal & land (US abstains) • Nasser seeks alliance with USSR • Eisenhower Doctrine: US will defend Mid East against any Communist attack Hungarian Uprising • Hungarian Gov led by Imre Nagy promises free elections/USSR leaves • Soviets send in tanks to end uprising, US does nothing, despite Truman Doc
Cold War in the Skies • Oct ‘ 57: Soviets launch first satellite Sputnik, starts Space Race • Nov ’ 57: launch Sputnik II with Laika the dog on board • Eisenhower starts NDEA – gives billions to school science programs & forms NASA • Proposes “open skies policy” – Khrushchev refuses, U-2 spy plane shot down over Soviet Union
1. Identify people, word and objects? 2. Identify actions 3. Identify symbols 4. What point is cartoonist trying to make?
1. 2. 3. 4. Identify people, word and objects? Identify actions Identify symbols What point is cartoonist trying to make?
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