Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express

Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Listening and speaking l Pronunciation and listening skills l Conversations l Passage Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Focusing on time information The pronunciations of the words in brackets are difficult to distinguish. Listen carefully and check (✔) the words you hear. Tips 推算事件发生的时间 是听力中常见的一种 考题。遇到这样的题 目切忌听到哪个时间 就选哪个。听录音时 最好把听到的时间和 相关的关键词记下来 以便听到问题后进行 简单的运算。 1 A 5: 00 B 5: 03 C ✔ 5: 45 2 A 9: 00 B ✔ 9: 30 C 9: 20 3 ✔ 10: 00 A B 8: 00 C 9: 00 4 A 7: 50 B ✔ 7: 15 C 8: 15 5 ✔ 5: 15 A B 5: 30 C 5: 45 6 A 10: 00 B 10: 30 C 9: 30 ✔

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Focusing on time information Scripts 1 W: Please hurry up, it’s already five. Three quarters later my train is leaving. M: Don’t worry, Madam. I’ll get you there in time. Q: When is the train leaving? 2 W: It’s nine already. Why doesn’t the meeting start? M: Well, the secretary says it is delayed 30 minutes. Q: When will the meeting begin? 3 M: Could you give me some information about buses for Washington, please? W: They leave every hour. You just missed the nine o’clock bus. Q: When is the next bus leaving?

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Focusing on time information Scripts 4 M: Say, what time is it? Is it really only seven-fifteen? My watch says eight-fifteen. W: You forgot to set your watch back. Q: What time is it now? 5 M: What’s the time to leave? W: Half past five. That only leaves us 15 minutes to get to the airport. Q: When does the conversation take place? 6 M: It’s 10 o’clock now. I wonder when Jack will come here. W: Just now, I got a call and his wife said he left home 30 minutes ago. Q: When did Jack leave home?

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Focusing on time information Tips 英语时间 通常用以下两种方法表达： 1. 直接表达法 1) 用基数词 + o’clock来表示整点，注意o’clock须 用单 数， 可以省略。 如：eight (o'clock) (8: 00)。 2) 用基数词 按“钟 点 + 分钟 ”的顺 序直接写出时间 ，表示 非整点。如：eight five (8: 05)，eight forty (8: 40)。 2. 间 接表达法 1) 如果分钟 数少于30，可用“分钟 + past + 钟 点”表示， 其中past是介词 ，意思是“过 ”。如：twenty past four (4: 20)。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Focusing on time information Tips 2) 如果所表示时间 的分钟 数多于 30，可用“（60分钟 - 分 钟 数）+ to +（原钟 点数 + 1）”表示，其中 to 是介词 ， 意思是“差”。如：twenty-five to nine (8: 35)。 注： 1) 当分钟 数是 15 时 ，可用名词 quarter （一刻钟 ）表示。 如：a quarter past eight (8: 15)。 2) 当分钟 数是 30 时 ，可用名词 half （一半）表示。如： half past nine (9: 30)。

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Conversations l Conversation 1 Exercises Functional language l Conversation 2 Exercises Functional language Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities 1. Listen to a conversation and match the students in Column A with where they come from in Column B. Word tips plastic adj. 塑料(制)的 reusable adj. 可重复使用的 fuss n. 小题大做；大惊小怪 biodegradable adj. 可生物降解的

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities 1. Listen to a conversation and match the students in Column A with where they come from in Column B. 1 What is Tommy's attitude to environmental protection? A Indifferent. ✔ B Worried. C Not mentioned. 2 According to the conversation, what should Tommy do? A Take a new bag every time he buys something. B Degrade the plastic bags. C ✔ Bring his own bag every time he goes shopping.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities 2. Listen again and complete the following conversation with what you hear. hate to 1 Oh, but I ______ take reusable bags every time. 2 It is such a waste and _____ for the environment! bad supposed to 3 I'm ______ bring my own bag every time I go shopping?

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities Scripts Amy: Tommy: Amy: Tommy, you are using too many plastic bags! Oh, but I hate to take reusable bags every time. So you take a new bag every time you buy something? What’s wrong about that? It is such a waste and bad for the environment! Don’t make a fuss, Amy! It’s not that serious! It is very serious! It’s very harmful to the environment. You know, plastic bags aren’t biodegradable. Amy: I’m supposed to bring my own bag every time I go shopping? Tommy: You got it! It’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities 3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. (Sample) Situation 1 A is asking B about the duties of being a member of the English Club. (Sample) Situation 2 A is asking B about the duties of being a member of the university chorus (合唱 团).

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities 3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. A: Greet B and ask for the permission (许 GUIDED 可) to join the English Club/university CONVERSATION chorus. B: Show welcome. A: Ask about the things you have to do. B: Tell A his/her duties. A: Ask if there are other things you have to do. B: Give answers. A: Show thanks.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities Role play - Sample conversation Situation 1 Liz: Brown: Mike: Brown: Liz: Mike: Ann: Hello, Mike. I’m wondering if I could join the English Club. Sure. All the students who are interested in English are welcome to join it. What should I do if I join the club? As a member, you are required to take part in the activities organized by the English Club. I see. Anything else? It’s your duty to attend the meetings held by the Club. OK, I got it. Thank you!

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Chelsea: Hi, there! Lily: Hi, Chelsea! Chelsea: I am thinking about joining the university chorus. I’m not sure if I am qualified. Lily: Of course you are. You are such a good singer. You’re more than welcome to join us. Chelsea: Could you please tell me the duties of being a chorus member? Lily: Sure. It is our responsibility to be on time for rehearsals and performances. Chelsea: Yes, what else? Lily: The members must follow the rules of the chorus. Chelsea: OK. Many thanks!

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities Functional Language Talking About Responsibilities I am supposed to… You ought to / should… It is our responsibility / duty to… I think you must… We’re required to…

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities 1. Listen to a conversation and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Word tips charity n. 慈善事业 funds n. (pl. ) 资金 remote adj. 偏远的 worthwhile adj. 值得的 do one’s bit 尽自己的一份力量 optional course 选修课 rehearsal n. 排练

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities 1. Listen to a conversation and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). F 1. The show mentioned by Mary is a contest organized by the Students’ Union. F 2. The purpose of the charity show is to make children have fun. T 3. Mary and John agree with each other that charity work is meaningful. F 4. John has to take part in the rehearsal every other evening.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities 2. Listen again and complete the following conversation with what you hear. 1. Hi, John, there'll be a charity show next weekend. Are you interested in ______ coming? 2. It's a concert organized by the Students' Union. Its purpose _______ is to raise funds for the children in remote areas. in need 3. Yes, I think we're all supposed to help those _____. So, would you like to join us? 4. I don't think you have to. You can practice ______; on your own but I think you must take part in the final rehearsal.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities Scripts Mary: John: Mary: Hi, John, there’ll be a charity show next weekend. Are you interested in coming? What kind of charity show? It’s a concert organized by the Students’ Union. Its purpose is to raise funds for the children in remote areas. It sounds like you’re doing something worthwhile! Yes, I think we’re all supposed to help those in need. So, would you like to join us? Of course. I ought to do my bit and contribute to society. But, Mary, have I got to practice very often? I have an optional course every other evening. I don’t think you have to. You can practice on your own; but I think you must take part in the final rehearsal.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities 3. Role-play a conversation in groups of three according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. Situation 1 (Sample) A is going to take part in volunteer teaching in west China. He/She is asking B to describe what he/she has to do. Situation 2 (Sample) A is going to help B hold an art show. He/She is asking B to describe what he/she has to do.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities 3. Role-play a conversation in groups of three according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. GUIDED CONVERSATION A: Greet B and ask if he / she has any time. B: Say yes. A: Ask what you have to do when doing volunteer teaching / in the art show. B: Tell A what he / she has to do. A: Ask if there are other things you have to do. B: Give a reply. A: Show your understanding and determination of doing it well.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities Role play - Sample conversation Situation 1 John: Henry: John: Hi, Henry! Are you available right now? Can I speak to you for a minute? Sure. I know you took part in volunteer teaching in west China last year. I have just signed up for it. Could you give me some ideas about what I have to do when volunteering? Of course. It’s my pleasure. You will teach those primary school students in west China English. Are there anything else I have to do? I think the most important thing is to give encouragement to those students. I agree. I will try my best to do this volunteer work well.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Jerry: Tom: Jerry: Hi, Tom. Can I talk to you for a minute? Certainly. Since you are more experienced, could you please tell me what I have to do for the art show? I am afraid that you should help me to select from my works the ones suitable for theme of this show. Do I have to work on the layout of the works for the show? Yes. That will be very helpful. It will make my show more attractive. OK. I will try my best.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities Functional Language Talking About Responsibilities Do I really need/have to. . . ? Have I got to. . . ? I think you're expected to. . . I don't think you have to. . . I'm afraid that you have to. . .

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage 1. Listen to a passage and complete the following table with what you hear. Column A Column B calling on Beijgers not to use cars September 22, 1998 starting the first Car Free Day in France 2001 starting the first Car Free Day in Chengdu June 5 th

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage 2. Listen again and choose the best way to complete each of the following B 1 The first Car Free Day in the world was started in ______. A America B France C Beijing 2 In Beijing, drivers are asked to go to work on foot or by bike C _____. A every day B one day a week C one day a month C 3 The best title for this passage can be ______. A The Origin of Car Free Day B Ways to Protect the Environment C World Car Free Day

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage Scripts World Car Free Day was first started by over 30 cities in France on September 22, 1998. It was started to protect the environment. By now, more than 1, 000 cities around the world have had a Car Free Day. The first Car Free Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001. Other cities including Taipei, Shanghai, and Wuhan, also support the day. In Beijing, more and more people are joining the campaign. It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day every month, and to walk or ride a bike to work. It also calls on Beijingers not to use cars on June 5 th (the World Environment Day). The slogan for the day is, “If we drive for one less day, we can have one more nice day. ” So far, more than 200, 000 drivers have shown their support. They say, “We can’t control the weather, but we can choose not to drive. We must do more for Car Free Day. ”

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage 3. Talk about the ways you're practicing to protect the environment. The following may be helpful. saving water / paper classifying garbage recycling garbage planting trees no littering (乱扔垃圾) riding bicycles instead of driving cars (Sample) The environment is very important to all of us. There are many ways to protect it. This includes saving energy and resources, planting trees, classifying garbage, and so on. What I am doing to protect the environment is to save water and paper in daily life, and to plant trees. My friends and I go to plant trees every spring and we really enjoy doing that.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express l Passage A Is there life on Earth? l Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Passage A Is there life on Earth? l Lead-in l Text study l Exercises Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar – Is there life on earth Lead-in l Video appreciation l Extended reading l Pre-reading activity Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Lead-in Grammar Writing – Is there life on earth - Video appreciation Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Lead-in Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth - Extended reading 火星上有生命吗 ？有人吗 ？ 据国外媒体报道，美国宇航局的火星轨道探测器以及火 星车正在寻找有关火星生命的痕迹，目前科学家已经发现在 数十亿年前，火星曾拥有潮湿的环境，很有可能存在生命， 我们要做的就是找出它们留下的证据。地球上的生命具有非 常顽强的生存能力，过去数十年，研究人员已经在诸多恶劣 的环境中发现不可思议的微生物，比如冰川内部、深海热液 喷口、地下深处等，这些被认为几乎不可能有生命存在的地 方都发现了生命，甚至是核反应堆中也有可适应极端环境的 生命存在，这些情况都暗示火星可能还存在生命。 地球生命与火星生命之间是否存在关联呢？科学家已经 发现许多证据显示火星曾经拥有温暖的世界，有河流、湖 泊,

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Lead-in Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth - Extended reading 和海洋，火星可能存在地下水，有研究指出，火星生命与地 球生命属于太阳系中两个完全不同的生命分支，如果我们发 现火星生命，那么在外形等特征上可能与地球生命完全无关， 这也暗示了生命可以出现在任何一个适宜的星球上，宇宙中 几乎任何一个具备条件的行星都可能演化出生命。 另一种理论认为火星生命与地球生命是同源的，两颗行 星的生命拥有同一祖先，显然该理论暗示了地球生命可能来 源于数十亿年前的火星，即便火星没有演化出高级文明，那 么低等生物也可能通过陨石来到地球，这些空间碎片可以在 太阳系内侧的某个轨道上运行，并重新被另一颗行星引力场 捕获，进入另一个星球的环境中。如果这一假说得到证实， 那么地球生命可能就起源于火星，火星拥有潮湿环境的时期 比地球更早。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Lead-in Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth - Extended reading 对此，有研究认为火星生命无法在恶劣的宇宙环境中幸 存下来，这一观点并没有获得足够的支持，因此我们已经发 现可以忍受低温、强辐射环境的生命，顽强的微生物可以在 陨石中休眠保存，在一个新的环境中复苏。也有研究提出地 球生命或源于太阳系之外，当太阳系围绕银河系运行时，穿 过了一些星际气体团或者碎片群，由此引入了生命种子，该 假说暗示银河系生命可能更加普遍，无论是哪种情况，对火 星生命的探索都将给我们带来惊喜。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth Pre-reading activity 1. Match the following expressions with the pictures below. A white pollution B waste water C soil pollution D smog D A C B

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth Pre-reading activity 2. Try to imagine what the world would be like in 100 years if the problems above were not solved.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing – Is there life on earth Text study l Text reading l Organization of the text l Language points Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A Is there life on Earth 1. There was great excitement on Venus this week. For the first time Venusian scientists managed to launch a satellite in orbit around the planet Earth, and it has been _____ sending back signals as well as photographs ever since. _________________________ 2. _________________________ The satellite was directed over an area known as Manhattan-named after the great Venusian astronomer ___________________________________________________ Professor Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20, 000 light years ago. ________________ Because of excellent _____ weather conditions and strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the __________________________ possibility of landing a manned flying saucer on Earth. ________________________ A press conference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A __________________________ 3. "We have come to the conclusion, based on the satellite findings, " Professor Zog said. "There is no life on Earth. " __________________________ 4. "How do you know this? " the science reporter for the Venus Evening Star asked. 5. __________________________ "For one thing, Earth's surface is composed of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. For another, the _________________ atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide and other __________________________ deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe this air __________________________ and survive. " ______ 6. "What does this mean as far as our flying saucer program is concerned? “ 7. "We shall have to take our own oxygen with us, which means a much heavier flying saucer than we have planned. “

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A 8. "Are there any other difficulties that you have discovered in your studies? " 9. "Take a look at this photo. You see this dark black ____________ cloud over the surface of Earth? We don't know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot of trouble; ___________________ and we shall have to make further tests before we send a Venusian there. " 10. __________________________ "Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the __________________________ drink. This means we shall have to carry water is unfit to _________________ our own water, which will add even greater weight to the __________________________ saucer. "

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A 11. "Sir, what are all those tiny black spots on the photographs? " 12. "We're not certain. They seem to be metal particles that move along certain paths. They give off gases, ______ make noise, and keep crashing into each other. There _________________________ are so many of these paths and so many metal particles that they are quite likely to get smashed when we land a _________________________ flying saucer. " ______ 13. ____________________ "What are those pointed objects sticking up? ” 14. "They are tall buildings that give off light at night. Professor Glom has named them skyscrapers since they seem to be scraping the skies. "

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage A 15. you say is true, won't this set back the flying saucer program several years? " 16. "Yes, but we shall proceed as soon as the Grubstake _________________________ gives us the added funds. ” ____________ 17. "If all "Professor Zog, why are we spending billions and billions of Venusian dollars to land a flying saucer on Earth when there is no life there? ” 18. "Because if we Venusians can learn to breathe in the Earth's atmosphere, then we can surely live anywhere in the universe. "

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth Organization of the text 1 -2 Part I (Para. ______) The satellite landed on Earth has been sending back signals and photographs. Structure Part II (Para. ______) 3 -14 Venusian scientists have come to the conclusion that the Earth is unfit for them to live. Part III (Para. _______) 14 -18 The Venusian scientists are determined to proceed with the exploration of the planet Earth.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth … it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since. (Line 3, Para. 1) 之后，卫 星便不断地发 回信号和照片。 has been doing 是现在完成进行时，其构成为：主语+助动词（ have/has）+been+动词的现在分词+其他成分。表示动作从某一 时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要 继续下去。（与since，for连用时，常常表示动作会进行下去） 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续 下去） I have been learning English since three years ago.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth The satellite was directed over an area known as Manhattan —named after the great Venusian astronomer Professor Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20, 000 (Line 1, Para. 2) light years ago. 卫星对准的是一片叫曼哈顿的地区, 这个地区是以金 星上伟大的天文学家曼哈顿教授的名字来命名的。两 万光年前，曼哈顿教授用望远镜首次发现了这个地区。 direct sth. at / toward sth. : 把某物对准某物 机器将X光射线对准了病人的身体。 The machine directs an X-ray beam at the patient’s body.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth The satellite was directed over an area known as Manhattan —named after the great Venusian astronomer Professor Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20, 000 (Line 1, Para. 2) light years ago. name sb. /sth. after sb. /sth. : 以某人/某物的名字给某人/ 某物命名 他被冠以他爷爷的名字起了名。 He was named after his grandfather. who first discovered it 20, 000 light years ago 是非限制性 定语 从句，修饰 前面的Professor Manhattan。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth …Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the possibility of landing a manned flying (Line 6, saucer on Earth. Para. 2) 金星科学家们得以获得了有关载人飞碟能否在地球上 着陆的宝贵资料。 as to…: concerning: 关于 关于哪些学生获得奖学金的决定应当尽快做出。 Decisions as to which students receive scholarship should be made quickly. 对于这个短语是从哪来的，有两种说法。 There are two thoughts as to where this saying came from.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth …Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the possibility of landing a manned flying (Line 6, saucer on Earth. Para. 2) the possibility of doing sth. : 做某事情的可能性 年轻人拥有一套大房子的可能性通常是极其渺茫的。 The possibility of owning a large house for young people is usually rare. man: v. to work at, use, or operate a system, piece of equipment, etc. 在（某系统、设备等上） 作； 使用，操纵（某系统、设备等）。manned 在这 里是过去分词作定语，修饰flying saucer。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth “We have come to the conclusion, based on the satellite findings, ” Professor Zog said. “There is no life on Earth. ” (Line 1, Para. 3) “根据卫星上的发现，我们已经得出结论，”佐格教 授说，“地球上没有生命。” be based on / upon sth: 以某物为基础。 我们的关心应当以尊重和信任为基础。 Our relationship should be based on respect and trust.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth For one thing, Earth's surface is composed of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. (Line 1, Para. 5) 首先，地球表面由坚固的混凝土构成，什么东西也无 法在那里生长。 for one thing… for another…: 一个原因是······，另一个原因是······ 我不想买这栋房子。一方面太小，另一方面价格太高。 I don’t want to buy this house. For one thing, it is too small; for another, the price of it is too high.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth For another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe (Line 2, Para. this air and survive. 5) 另外，大气中充满了一氧化碳和其他致命的气体，任 何人呼吸了这种空气都不可能幸存下来。 be filled with: to be full of 被······充满 如果你嘴里满是食物的话怎么唱歌？ How can you sing if your mouth is filled with food? 珍的眼睛里充满泪水。 Jane’s eyes were filled with tears.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth We don’t know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot (Line 2, Para. of trouble. 9) 我们还不知道它是由什么形成的，但是它会给我们带 来许多麻烦。 be made of: 由······制成。主语为制成品，用于从制成品可直接 看出原材料的情况。 风筝是纸做的。 The kite is made of paper. 易与之混用的一个词组为be made from，其意思也是“由······制成”， 但是用在从制成品看不出原材料是什么的情况。 e. g. Butter is made from milk（黄油是用牛奶制成的。）

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink. (Line 1, Para. 10) 这边，诸位可以看到像是一条河的东西，不过卫星探 测的结果表明它已被污染，不适于饮用。 be unfit to do sth. : 不适合做某事 这场病使她身体不适合飞行。 The disease has left her medically unfit to fly.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth This means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer. (Line 4, Para. 10) 这意味着我们将不得不自己带水，这就会给飞碟增加 更多的重量。 add sth. to sth. : to put sth. with another thing 为某物增 添某种东西 我们可以将销售税摊到这些产品的价格上。 We can add sales tax to the price of these products.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth This means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer. (Line 4, Para. 10) even: adv. used for emphasizing that although sth. is big, good, bad, etc. , sth. else is bigger, better, worse, etc. 更加；愈加。用来修饰形容词比较级。 昨天天气就冷，今天更冷了。 It was cold yesterday, but it’s even colder today.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth There are so many of these paths and so many metal prticles that they are quite likely to get smashed when we land a flying saucer. (Line 3, Para. 12) 那里有很多这样的通道，很多这样的金属微粒，飞碟 在那里着陆的话，很可能把那些金属微粒撞毁。 在“get smashed”这个短语中，get 作始动性连系动词， 与多数都已形容词化了的过去分词连用，构成系表 结构，表示状态的变化和动作的结果。 别被雨淋到。 Don’t get caught in the rain.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth What are those pointed objects sticking up? (Line 1, Para. 13) 那些笔直竖立的凸出物是什么？ stick (sth. ) in / up / through: 把（某物）伸进/伸上/伸入 当护士将针头扎向他的胳膊时，他把脸转向了一边。 He looked away as the nurse stuck the needle in his arm. 常用词组 ： stick to… 坚 持，不放弃 stick by sb… 继续 支持并忠于某人 stick on sth… 把某物固定在······

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth Yes, but we shall proceed as soon as the Grubstake gives us the added funds. (Line 1, Para. 16) 是的，但是一旦创业基金组织给我们追加资金，我们 就会接着推进这一计划。 as soon as: 一······就······ ；一经 我们一到酒店就给你弄点东西吃好么? We'll get you something as soon as we get to the hotel.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A launch Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 2, Para. 1) vt. to send a weapon or a space vehicle into the sky or into space 发射；开展（活动、计划等） 该机构将于下月发射一颗新的气象卫星。 The agency will launch a new weather satellite next month. 警方已对该事件展开调查。 The police have launched an investigation into the incident.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A signal Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 4, Para. 1) n. a sound, action, or event that gives information or tells sb. to do sth. 信号；暗号 我们等待着他们发出行动的信号。 We waited for them to give us the signal to move.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A astronomer Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 2, Para. 2) n. a physicist who studies astronomy天文学者，天文学家 祖冲之是中国古代有名的天文学家。 Zu Chongzhi was a famous astronomer of the ancient China. 派生词：astronomy astronomical astronaut n. 天文学家 adj. 天文学的；极大的 n. 宇航员

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A possibility Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 7, Para. 2) n. the chance that sth. might happen or be true 可能；可能性 周末有可能租一辆 汽车 去海边 。 One possibility for the weekend is to rent a car and go to the beach.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A press conference Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 8, Para. 2) a conference at which press and tv reporters ask questions of a politician or other celebrity 记者招待会 作为 一名政府官员 ，你必须 在新闻发 布会上谨 慎措词 。 As a government officer, you have to pick your words at a press conference.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A findings Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 2, Para. 3) n. (pl. ) information that sb. Has learned as a result of studies, work, etc. 研究结果；发现 The findings show a high level of heart disease among old people. 这 些研究结 果显 示出了老年人中高发 的心脏 疾病。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A solid Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 1, Para. 5) n. a substance that is solid at room temperature and pressure 固体；立体图形；立方体 Solids turn to liquids at certain temperatures. 固体在一定的温度下会变为 液体。 adj. firm and hard 固体的；实心的；结实的 天气如此寒冷，湖面冻 得很结实 。 It is so cold that the lake is frozen solid.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A atmosphere Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 3, Para. 5) n. the layer of air or other gases around it 大气 These gases pollute the atmosphere of towns and cities. 这 些气体污 染了城镇 的空气。 n. the feeling that an event, situation, or place gives you 气氛 After Joe left, there was a more relaxed atmosphere at home. 乔 离开后，家里的氛围轻 松多了。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A breathe Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 4, Para. 5) v. to take air into your lungs and send it out again 呼吸 People are worrying about the quality of the air they breathe. 人们对 于呼吸空气的质 量表示担心。 He held her so tightly she could hardly breathe. 他紧紧 地抱住她，使她几乎透不过 气来。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A survive Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 5, Para. 5) v. to continue to live after an accident, illness, etc. 幸存；活过 来 She prayed every night that her husband would survive the war. 她每天晚上祈祷丈夫能在战 争中幸免于难 。 vt. live longer than 比······活得长 Most women will survive their spouses. 大多数女性都比配偶长 寿。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A discover Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 1, Para. 8) vt. to find someone or something, either by accident or because you were looking for them 发现；碰见；撞见 她发现 他们 已经 逃跑了。 She discovered that they'd escaped. 19 世纪时 ，在加利福尼亚发现 了金子。 In the 19 th century, gold was discovered in California.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A indicate Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 2, Para. 10) v. to show that sth. exists or is likely to be true 表明；表示 医院的报 告表明超过 13人在风 暴中丧 生。 Reports from hospitals indicated that over 13 people died in the storm. 测试结 果将表明这 种治疗 是否成功。 Test results will indicate whether the treatment was successful.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A pollute Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 2, Para. 10) vt. to make air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use污染；玷污，亵渎 我们应该采取措施阻止环境污染。 We should take measures to stop polluting the environment. 派生词：pollutant pollution n. 污染物 n. 污染；玷污，亵渎

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A spot Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 1, Para. 11) n. a small round area on a surface, that is a different color from the rest 斑点；（圆）点 她穿一件白底蓝 点儿的裙子。 She wears a white skirt with blue spots. v. to notice or recognize sb. or sth. that is difficult to see 发现 我们 在人群中很容易认 出她，因为 她穿了一件鲜艳 的夹克。 We spotted her easily in the crowd because she wears a bright-colored jacket.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A crash Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 3, Para. 12) v. to hit sth. hard, causing a lot of damage or making a loud noise 猛撞；撞击 突然间 ，一个棒球从我们 客厅 的窗户 撞进 来。 Suddenly, a baseball crashed through our living-room window. v. to have an accident in which a car, airplane, etc. hits sth. 撞车；（飞机）坠毁 在去聚会的路上，克里夫撞车 了。 On his way to the party, Cliff crashed his car.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A smash Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 5, Para. 12) v. to break into many small pieces in a forceful way, or to make sth. do this by dropping, throwing, or hitting it 打破；打碎 花瓶掉了下来，摔得粉碎。 The vase fell and smashed into a lot of small pieces. vt. to hit an object or surface violently 撞击；猛扣（球等） 他一拳打在了东 尼脸 上。 He smashed his fist into Tony's face.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A scrape Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 3, Para. 14) v. to rub against a rough surface in a way that causes slight damage or injury, or to make sth. do this （使）刮擦 The side of the car scraped against the wall. 车 的侧 面蹭到了墙 上。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A proceed Grammar Writing Culture express – Is there life on earth (Line 1, Para. 16) v. to continue to do sth. that has already been planned or started 继续进行；接着做 The council is proceeding with its plan to move the stadium. 理事会正在继续实 行其搬迁体育场 的计 划。 The project has proceeded very far since the last discussion. 自从上次讨论 以后，项 目进 展非常迅速。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing – Exercises l Comprehension l Vocabulary & Structure l Translation Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Comprehension 1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). F 1. The satellite launched by Venusian scientists hasn't sent back signals of the Earth. T 2. The Manhattan area was named after an astronomer T 3. According to Professor Zog, there is no life on Earth

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Comprehension 1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). T 4. The photographs show that the Earth's atmosphere is seriously polluted F 5. The flying saucer program will be ceased according to the findings

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Comprehension 2. Complete the following table. Earth’s surface A river on earth Earth’s atmosphere ↓ ↓ ↓ Compsed of solid 1)_____, nothing can grow there being polluted and the water is unfit 2) _____ to drink being filled with CO and other deadly 3)_______ gases, nobody could breathe it ↘ ↓ ↙ There is no life on Earth.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Comprehension 1. Complete the following sentences with proper prepositions or adverbs. on 1. Are there any living things _____ the planet Mars? 2. We named the baby Henry ______ his grandfather. after 3. This university is composed _______ 17 colleges and one of graduate school. 4. The Moon does not give _____ light by itself. off 5. There are many stars _____ the universe. in

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Vocabulary and structure 2. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary. survive breathe crash deadly solid spot solid 1. The concrete stayed as ______ as a rock. deadly 2. Fog is the sailor's _____ enemy. crashed 3. We _______ straight into the car ahead of us. 4. Please relax and _______ deeply. breathe 5. Only one person ____ the earthquake. survived spots 6. Jenny has a white dog with black _______ on its nose.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Vocabulary and structure 3. Add the suffix “-ist” to the words given below. Then complete the following sentences with the words thus formed. art economy physics piano novel pianist 1. Lang, the famous____, once performed in the White House in the U. S. A. novelist 2. The ____ gathered materials for his latest novel. physicist 3. Albert Einstein is a great _____, best known for his Theory of Relativity (相对论). economist 4. The _____ is interested in the workings of the economy as a whole. artist 5. The _____ has some students who are talented in painting.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Vocabulary and structure 4. Combine the following sentences using the structure “If…”. Sample 1: We Venusians can learn to breathe in the Earth's atmosphere. Then we can surely live anywhere in the universe. If we Venusians can learn to breathe in the Earth's atmosphere, then we can surely live anywhere in the universe. Sample 2: You are lucky. You get the prize. If you are lucky, you will get the prize.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Vocabulary and structure 4. Complete the following sentences using “if… ”. I’ll go to New York 1. If I get the job, __________. If it rains 2. ______, I will stay at home. I’ll take it away 3. If you can't open the box, _______. If he has time 4. ________, he will attend the concert. we’ll stay up late 5. If we must finish this task today, ________.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Translation 1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. For the first time Venusian scientists managed to launch a satellite in orbit around the planet Earth, and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since. 金星上的科学家首次把卫星成功送入环绕地球的轨道， ________________________ 之后，卫星就不断地发回信号和照片。 ________________________ 2. What does this mean as far as our flying saucer program is concerned? 就我们的飞碟计划而言，这意味着什么呢？ ________________________

Listening and speaking Reading Passage A Grammar Writing Culture express – Translation 2. Translate the following Chinese sentences into English with the help of the words or phrases given in brackets. 1. 厂散发出难闻的气味。(give off) gives off a terrible smell The factory _____________. 2. 经费的减少使这个研究项目延迟了好几年。(set back) set back the project for several years The spending cuts ________________. 3. 研究表明女性的寿命要比男性长。(indicate) The study indicates (that) ____________ women live longer than men.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra l Lead-in l Text study l Exercises

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra Lead-in l Pre-reading activity l Vienna Vegetable Orchestra l Video appreciation Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra Pre-reading 1. Put the following words under the corresponding pictures. guitar 1. _____ flute 2. _____ drum 3. _____ bell 4. _____ violin 5. _____

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra Pre-reading 2. Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1) Do you play musical ( 音乐的) instruments? 2) Have you ever tried to make one by yourself?

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra The Vegetable Orchestra was founded in 1998. Based in Vienna, the Vegetable Orchestra plays concerts in all over the world. Worldwide one of a kind, the Vegetable Orchestra performs on instruments made of fresh vegetables. The utilization of various ever refined vegetable instruments creates a musically and aesthetically unique sound universe. The Vegetable Orchestra has been playing with its food for 15 years, delighting audiences from Belfast to Hong Kong with its self-made cucumberphones, celery bongos, pepper trumpets and leek violins. Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra Drawing inspiration from electronic music artists such as Germany's Kraftwerk or John Cage, the dozen musicians from Vienna carve and chop their own instruments to create a truly organic sound. Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Lead-in Grammar Writing – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra - Video appreciation Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra Questions about video clip 1. Can you name some other interesting ways people play music? 2. Which one is your favorite and why?

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra Text study l Text reading l Language points Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra 1. Has your mom or dad ever told you to stop playing with your food? No one says that to members of the Vienna Vegetable Orchestra. They’re serious ______ about ________________ playing with _____ their food. They make music by playing instruments made from fresh vegetables. 2. This orchestra was founded in 1998. Its excellent ___________________ musicians are not musicians by trade. “We all have musical experience in different projects, but none of us have finished classical musical training, ” said Ernst Reitermaier, one of the group members. “In fact, group members have other careers that include medicine, sound engineering, computing, and art. ”

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B __________________________ 3. Members of the Vienna Vegetable Orchestra are known for trying new ideas. They create and carve their own instruments _______ just before each performance. Their creative vegetable ___________ instruments include carrot flutes, pumpkin bass drums, pepper __________________________ bells, leek violins, just to name a few. Vegetable instruments ________________ sound best when they’re fresh. “You can’t play on a rotten cucumber, ” one group member said. 4. Piringer, another group member, estimates that they need about 70 kilograms (about 155 pounds) of fresh vegetables for each concert. ____________________ The vegetables are prepared just as your mom or dad would at home, with a basic kitchen knife, though __________ sometimes the musicians use a hand drill. But you wouldn’t find these special vegetable instruments on your dinner plate.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B 5. __________________________ The simplest instrument is a plain tomato, which can be pressed flat and squeezed together to make a special __________________________ musical sound. _______More complicated instruments include the cucumber-phone. Made from a hollowed-out cucumber ________________________________________ with finger holes, this unique instrument has a mouthpiece made of a carrot, and a pepper on the end. _________________________ 6. It’s hard to imagine that instruments made of vegetables could really make music, but they do. They make sounds that can’t be easily produced by other instruments. Sometimes they sound like animals. At other times, the vegetables make abstract sounds—whirrs, clicks, and beeps that sound like music of the future.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Passage B 7. Audiences all over Europe come to hear the “veggies” _______________________ play. The orchestra tours in Belgium, the Netherlands, ________________ They have two CDs, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. and they’re also experimenting with a video. 8. According to Ernst, the group’s music is contemporary: __________________________ “Our program automates sounds like electronic music, ” he said. “Onion skins are the key. We use them for that digital, funny sound, ” said Nikolaus, another group member. 9. What happens to all those vegetables when the show is over? The veggies employ a cook. At the end of the show, the cook makes a delicious soup that the audience and musicians enjoy together. It’s the perfect ending to an entertaining performance.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra They’re serious about playing with their food. (Line 3, Para. 1) 他们认真地玩弄食物。 be serious about doing sth: 对做某事是认真的，不开 玩笑的 我姐姐真的要辞职。 My sister is serious about giving up her job. play with: 玩弄；摆弄；以······为消遣 小的时候我喜欢玩玩具娃娃。 I liked to play with dolls when I was little.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra This orchestra was founded in 1998. (Line 1, Para. 2) 维也纳蔬菜乐队成立于1998 年。 found: v. to start sth. such as a company, school, etc. by providing the money 创 立（公司，学校等）, found 的 过 去式和过 去分词 为 founded。应 注意将found（创 立）和find（寻 找）的过 去式和过 去分词 （found） 区分开。 The three young men founded the company by themselves. 三个年轻 人自己创 立了这 家公司。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra Members of the Vienna Vegetable Orchestra are known for trying new ideas. (Line 1, Para. 3) 维也纳蔬菜乐队的成员因勇于尝试新想法而出名。 be known for doing sth： to be famous for doing sth. 因 为 （做）某事而闻 名 这堵墙因能产生回音而有名。 The wall is famous for producing echoes.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra Their creative vegetable instruments include carrot flutes, pumpkin bass drums, pepper bells, leek violins, just to name (Line 3, Para. 3) a few. 他们富有创造力的蔬菜乐器包括胡萝卜长笛、南瓜低 音鼓、灯笼椒铃铛、韭菜小提琴等。 just to name a few: 略举几例 我喜欢吃水果，比如说苹果、香蕉和桃子。 I like fruits, apple, banana, peach, just to name a few.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra The vegetables are prepared just as your mom or dad would at home, … (Line 3, Para. 4) 他们准备蔬菜乐器时就像你的父母在家里做饭时一 样，······ as: conj. in the way that sb. says or that sth. Happens: “像 ······一样 ；同样 地·····”，文中连 词 as 引导 了方式 状语 从句。 这本书在美国被禁，随后的两本也是这样。 The book was banned in the U. S. , as were two subsequent books.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra The simplest instrument is a plain tomato, which can be pressed flat and squeezed together to make a special musical sound. (Line 3, Para. 4) 最简单的乐器是一个普通的番茄，可压扁挤在一起，产 生一种特别的音乐声。 which 引导 了非限制性定语 从句，先行词 为 tomato。 which 在定语 从句中作主语 ，其谓 语 部分为 被动 语 态 ，flat为 主语补 足语 。 她的头发被染成了棕色，这让她看起来与众不同。 Her hair was dyed brown, which makes her looks different.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra Made from a hollowed-out cucumber with finger holes, this unique instrument has a mouthpiece made of a carrot, and a pepper on the end. (Line 4, Para. 5) 这种独一无二的乐器是在挖空的黄瓜表面上钻出手指 孔，配上胡萝卜做的吹口和灯笼椒做的喇叭而制成的。 hollow sth. out: to make a hole or empty space by removing the inside part of sth. 把······挖空；使······成中空 他们在山体挖出一条隧道。 They hollowed out a tunnel through the mountain. hollow-out 在文中伟过 去分词 作定语 ，修饰 cucumber。

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra The orchestra tours in Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. (Line 2, Para. 7) 乐队在比利时、荷兰、瑞典和英国巡回演出。 tour: v. to make a journey by performers or a sports team to perform or play in several different places （剧团 的）巡回演出；（运动队 的）巡回比赛 。 明年春天这个剧目将在几个大城市巡回上演。 The play will tour in several big cities in the spring.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra According to Ernst, the group’s music is contemporary… (Line 1, Para. 8) 恩斯特认为，蔬菜乐队演奏的是当代音乐。 according to: as shown by sth. or stated by sb. 据······ 所示；按······所说 据警方所说，女孩被一只大狗攻击。 According to the police, this girl was attacked by a big dog. contemporary: adj. belonging to the present time; modern 当代的 当代音乐/舞蹈/艺术 contemporary music / dance / art

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B orchestra Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 3, Para. 1) n. a large group of musicians playing many different kinds of instruments and led by a conductor 管弦乐队 他已不在管弦乐队演奏了。 He no longer plays in an orchestra. 该管弦乐队将举办一场音乐会来纪念柴可夫斯基的 百年诞辰。 The orchestra will hold a concert to mark the centennial of Tchaikovsky's birth. 派生词： orchestral adj. 管弦乐队（演奏）的 orchestration n. 管弦乐编曲

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B instrument Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 4, Para. 1) n. a small tool used in work such as science or medicine乐器 这种乐器发出的声音和小提琴相似。 The instrument produces a sound similar to a violin. 学一门乐器能引导孩子了解音乐。 Learning a musical instrument can introduce a child to an understanding of music.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B trade Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 2, Para. 2) n. a job or type of work that sb. is trained to do 行业；职业 他的职业是一名鞋匠。 He’s a shoe maker by trade. 他在十几岁的时候就干了这个行当。 He’s took up this trade when he was a teenager.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B career Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 6, Para. 2) n. a job or profession that you have been trained for, and which you do for a long period of your life 生涯；职业 职业选择可能是一项很艰难的决定。 Choosing a career can be a very difficult decision. 她目前正专注于服装设计师的 作。 She is now concentrating on a career as a fashion designer.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B carve Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 2, Para. 3) v. to make an object by cutting it from a piece of wood or stone 雕；刻 他在一块老木料上雕出了一尊妻子的雕像。 He carved a statue of his wife out of a piece of old wood. 卢克打算把这块木头雕刻成烛台。 Luke plans to carve the wood into candlesticks.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B estimate Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 1, Para. 4) vt. to judge the value, size, etc. of sth. 估计；估量 我们估计客户中超过一半是女性。 We estimate that over a half of our customers are women. n. a calculation of the value, size, amount etc of something 估计，预测； 这个数据是最初估算的5倍。 This figure is five times the original estimate.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B prepare Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 3, Para. 4) vt. to make a meal or a substance 准备 吃饭或准备饭菜前要先洗手。 Wash your hands before eating or preparing food. 她走到厨房，希望看到有人在准备晚饭。 She made her way to the kitchen, hoping to find someone preparing dinner.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B drill Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 5, Para. 4) vt. & vi. to make a hole in something using a drill 钻（孔） 他在厨房的墙上钻了个孔。 He drilled into the wall of the kitchen. n. 钻，钻机 该钻机的速度可变。 The drill has variable speeds.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B plain Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 1, Para. 5) adj. simple, without anything added or without decoration 普通 的；简单的 简单普通的衣服适合做学生服。 Plain and simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. adj. very clear, and easy to understand or recognize 清楚的， 简单明了的 从我遇到玛丽的第一天起，她就清楚地表明她不喜欢我。 From the first day I met her, Mary made it plain that she didn’t like me.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B press Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 2, Para. 5) vt. to push sth. firmly against a surface 按；压 他的手按住了她的双肩。 His hands pressed down on both her shoulders. 孩子们正把脸贴在窗户上。 Children were pressing their faces against the window.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B squeeze Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 2, Para. 5) vt. to press sth. firmly together with your fingers or hands 挤； 捏 她挤了一些柠檬汁在鱼上。 She squeezed a bit of lemon onto the fish. 她把一些乳霜挤到手上。 She squeezed some cream onto her hands.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B complicated Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 3, Para. 5) adj. made up of many different but connected parts 结构复 杂的 人的大脑是一个非常复杂的器官。 The human brain is a very complicated organ. adj. difficult to understand or deal with, because of the many details or parts involved 复杂的；难处理的 这首诗内容很复杂我无法理解其含义。 The poem is so complicated that I cannot make out its meaning.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B abstract Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 5, Para. 6) adj. existing only as an idea or quality rather than as sth. real that you can see or touch 抽象的 美是一个抽象的概念。 Beauty is an abstract concept. n. a short written statement containing only the most important ideas in a speech, article 摘要 读读摘要你就知道论文是关于什么的了。 You will know what the paper is about just by reading its abstract.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B according to Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 1, Para. 8) as shown by something or stated by someone 根据，按照； 据······所说 他们必须根据各自律师的意见自行决定。 They must take their own decision according to their own legal advicer. in a way that agrees with a system or plan, or obeys a set of rules 取决于；以······为转移 价格随订购数量不同而有所变化。 Prices vary according to the quantity ordered.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B automate Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 2, Para. 8) v. to change to a system in which jobs are done or goods are produced by machines instead of people 使自动化 他想用计算机实现流程自动化。 He wanted to use computers to automate the process. 这种产品的装配过程是全自动的。 The assembly process of this product is fully automated.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B employ Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 2, Para. 9) vt. to pay sb. to work for you 雇佣 3，000余名当地人受从事旅游业。 More than 3, 000 local workers are employed in the tourism industry. 派生词 ：employer n. 雇主，老板；雇佣者 employee n. 雇 ，雇员 ，职 employment n. 雇用；使用；职业

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B entertaining Grammar Writing Culture express – Vienna Vegetable Orchestra (Line 5, Para. 9) adj. amusing and interesting 使人愉快的；有趣的 这一有趣的项目带给我很多乐趣。 The entertaining program brought me a lot of fun. 该公司制作娱乐性和知识性兼备的节目。 The company produces entertaining and informative programs.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing – Exercises l Comprehension l Vocabulary & structure l Translation l Oral work Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Comprehension 1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). F 1 All the members in the Vienna Vegetable Orchestra have finished classical musical training. F 2 According to a member of the orchestra, rotten vegetable instruments are as good as fresh ones. T 3 Some of the musical instruments of the group can be easily made. F 4 After the performance, the vegetable instruments are usually thrown away.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Comprehension 2. Answer the following questions. 1) What example does the writer give to show that the orchestra members are creative? They create and carve their own instruments just before each performance. Their creative vegetable instruments include carrot flutes, pumpkin bass drums, pepper bells, leek violins, just to name a few.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing – Comprehension 2. Answer the following questions. 2) Why does the writer say that the orchestra’s performance has a perfect ending? The veggies employ a cook. At the end of the show, the cook makes a delicious soup that the audience and musicians enjoy together. The vegetables are really fully used, so it’s the perfect ending to an entertaining performance. Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vocabulary and structure 1. Cross out (✘) the word in each group that does not belong. pumpkin pepper drum ✘ cucumber cook musician artist instrument ✘ Bass flute violin vegetable ✘ food ✘ leek tomato onion sound ✘ click beep whirr

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vocabulary and structure 2. Correct the underlined words in the following sentences. 1 We all have musical experience in different projects, but none of us have finished classic musical training. classical ____ 2 According to Ernst, the group’s music is temporary. contemporary ______ 3 Our program automates sounds like electric music. electronic ______

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vocabulary and structure 2. Correct the underlined words in the following sentences. 4 The veggies employ a cooker to make a delicious cook soup with the vegetable instruments. ____ 5 It’s the perfect ending to an entertained performance. ______ entertaining

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vocabulary and structure 3. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary. entertaining abstract employ plain press musical 1 The children ______ snow hard to make pressed snowballs. plain 2 The girl has a(n) ______ name which is not easy to remember. employed 3 The factory ______ many local workers.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vocabulary and structure 3. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary. entertaining abstract employ plain press musical 4 I enjoy the ______ sounds of a child’s laughter. abstract 5 He proposed some ______ principles ( 原则) such as justice, freedom, equality, etc. 6 I like this program very much because it is really entertaining _______.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Vocabulary and structure 4. Combine the sentence beginnings in Column A with the endings in Column B to form complete sentences. Column A Column B They are quite happy… … that such a wealthy man wears a worn coat. … just as it happened. … that it would take her four hours to water the garden. … though they are poor. It’s hard to imagine… I have told the story… The gardener estimated…

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Translation 1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. It’s hard to imagine that instruments made of vegetables could really make music, but they do. 很难想象蔬菜制成的乐器真的能够奏出音乐，但它们 ________________________ 确实能够。 ________________________ 2. What happens to all those vegetables when the show is over? 演出结束后，所有那些蔬菜该如何处理呢？ _______________________

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Translation 2. Translate the Chinese sentences into English with the help of the words or phrases given in brackets. 1. 我最近总是遇到一些奇怪的事。(happen to) happening to me lately Strange things have been ____________. 2. 他们估计旅游者的人数为 170 万。(estimate) They estimated (that) __________ the number of tourists is 1. 7 million. 3. 这个游戏对孩子们来说太复杂了。(complicated) This game is too complicated _______________ for children.

Listening and speaking Reading Passage B Grammar Writing Culture express – Oral work Work in groups to talk about the band you like best. The questions given below are for your reference. Questions you may ask • Which band do you like best? • What do you know about this band? • How many members are there in this band? • When was the band formed? • Which piece of music is this band most famous for? • What is the musical genre of the band?

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing l The future simple tense (一般将来时) l The future-in-the-past tense (过去将来时) l Exercises Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar The future simple tense (一般将来时) 一般将来时表示将来某一时间的动作或状态，通常由 “will + 动词原形”构成。主要用于以下几种情况： 1 表示将来要发生的动作或情况。如： 1) We will meet at the school gate. 2) She will be here at six o’clock. 2 用在 I think… will. . . 这类句型中，表示看法。如： 1) I think they’ll succeed. 2) I suppose they will come back. 3 表示提出请求。如： 1) Will you telephone me this evening? 2) Will you type this for me?

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar The future simple tense (一般将来时) 4 表示允诺。如： 1) I won’t tell anybody what you said. 2) I’ll be home in time for supper. 5 表示同意。如： —Will you answer him? —Yes, I will. 表示“将来”的其他结构包括： 1 be going to + 动词原形，多用于口语中，常表示打算 做某事或即将发生某事。 如： 1) Tom is going to get married. 2) It’s going to rain soon. 2 be about to + 动词原形，表示就要发生的事。 如：The English evening is about to begin.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar The future simple tense (一般将来时) 3 be to + 动词原形，表示安排或计划好了的事。 如： 1) The boys are to go to school next week. 2) You are not to smoke in the office. 另外，go，come，leave，start 等表示移动的动词，可 用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。 如：He is coming to see you tomorrow.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar The future-in-the-past tense (过去将来时) 过去将来时表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或事件，通 常由“would + 动词原形”构成。 过去将来时主要有以下几种用法： 1 表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或事件。如： 1) It was four o’clock. Soon the Sun would come up. 2) She would go to the library when I met her yesterday afternoon. 2 这个时态常用在宾语从句中。如： 1) They thought he would finish the book the next day. 2) She never dreamed the place would be so beautiful.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express Grammar The future-in-the-past tense (过去将来时) 除“would + 动词原形”的基本形式外，还可以用 “was / were going to + 动词原形”，“was / were about to + 动词 原形”，“was / were to + 动词原形” 等形式表示过去将来。 如： 1) She was going to sell her old car and buy a new one. 2) They were about to arrive when it began to snow. 3) I didn’t expect that we were to meet 10 years later.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express - Exercises 1. Complete the following sentences with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets. will go / am going 1 I _________ (go) back to see my childhood friends in the coming summer vacation. Will tell 2 I’ll be having a meeting. _____ you ____ (tell) her I’ll be back at five if she calls? would finish 3 They wanted to know when you _______ (finish) the article. would stay 4 We expected that you ______ (stay) here. would be 5 He was 68. In two years he ______ (be) 70.

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express - Exercises 2. Choose the correct tense of the verbs in brackets to complete the following sentences. will buy 1 I think they ______ the house. (will buy / would buy ) was going to go 2 He ________ to bed when there was a knock at the door. (is going to go / was going to go) will be 3 I _______ there, I promise you. (will be / would be) is to leave 4 No one ________ this building without their permission. (was to leave / is to leave) are about to leave 5 We _________, so there is no time to visit him now. (are about to leave / were about to leave)

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing l Warm-up l Notes Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Writing Grammar Writing Culture express - Developing a paragraph by process Warm-up 按过 程展开段落是在描述一系列事件或动 作时 ，按事件或动 作发 生 的顺 序依次描述，这 种写作手法也被称之为过 程描写。按过 程展开 段落需要注意描写过 程应 按照步骤 依次展开。 Sample Once you come across a person who has stopped breathing, you should begin immediately to do mouth-tomouth breathing. First, place the person on his back and remove any foreign matter from his mouth with your fingers. Then tilt (仰头) his head backward, so that his chin is pointing up.

Listening and speaking Reading Writing Grammar Writing Culture express - Developing a paragraph by process Warm-up 按过 程展开段落是在描述一系列事件或动 作时 ，按事件或动 作发 生 的顺 序依次描述，这 种写作手法也被称之为过 程描写。按过 程展开 段落需要注意描写过 程应 按照步骤 依次展开。 Sample Next, pull his mouth open and his jaw forward, pinch (捏) his nostrils (鼻孔) shut to prevent the air which you blow into his mouth from escaping through his nose. After that, place your mouth tightly over the person’s. Blow into his mouth until you see his chest rise. Last, turn your head to the side and listen for the outrush of air which indicates an air exchange.

Listening and speaking Reading Writing Grammar Writing Culture express - Developing a paragraph by process Notes 此段采用按过 程展开段落的方法，描述了给 病人进 行人 呼吸的过 程。用了 first →then→next→after that→last 等连贯 性词语 ，按照先 后顺 序详细 地介绍 了进 行人 呼吸的五个步骤 。 按过程展开段落时，常用的连接词如下： l first / firstly, in the first place, to begin with l second / secondly, in the second place, next, in the next place, then, subsequently (随后), after that l as, while, when, at this point, at the same time, once, as soon as l in conclusion, finally, lastly, in the end, the last step

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express l Musical instruments Culture express

Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Culture express Writing Culture express 1. Listen to the following four pieces of musical works in the CD-ROM and then match them with the instruments by which they are played. 1. Three Stanzas of Plumblossoms 《梅花三弄》 1 3 4 2 2. Nostalgia 《思乡曲》 3. Romance of Love 《爱的罗曼史》 4. A Wedding in the Dream《梦中的婚礼 》

Listening and speaking Reading Culture express Grammar Writing Culture express 2. Have you learned to play any musical instruments? If so, talk about your experiences. If not, what kind of musical instruments would you like to learn to play? Why? Sample answer 1 Yes, I have learned to play the piano. At first, I felt it extremely complicated and impossible for me to play the piano. I took the advice of my teacher who told me to get familiar with the rhythm of right hand first and then left hand. After I was good at both hands separately, I could play with both of them. Gradually, I can play the piano very well.

Listening and speaking Reading Culture express Grammar Writing Culture express 2. Have you learned to play any musical instruments? If so, talk about your experiences. If not, what kind of musical instruments would you like to learn to play? Why? Sample answer 2 I’ve never learned to play any kind of musical instruments. Given a chance, I would like to learn the pipa. Because pipa makes various beautiful, sweet and refreshing sounds. Now more and more people tend to learn westernstyle musical instruments, and pipa, as one of traditional Chinese musical instruments, is getting less popular these days. I think if I could learn to play the pipa, I might, to some extent, be preserving Chinese culture.