Liquid Medication Азнабакиева.pptx
- Количество слайдов: 11
Liquid Medication Aznabakieva Farida, ФА 12 -4 -1
Liquid medicines include liquids, solutions, syrups and mixtures and are commonly used in patients that have difficulty swallowing medicines. They are also commonly used in children and the elderly. The liquid medicine should be made such that the dose needed will be a sensible volume such as 5 ml (one teaspoon).
Liquid medicines include sweeteners and flavourings to cover-up the taste of the medicine so that they are more pleasant to take. The sorbitol included in some liquid medicines as a sweetener can cause diarrhoea when taken in large amounts, so it might be worth just checking how much sorbitol your medicine contains, and then talking to your doctor or pharmacist if you have any worries. Liquids tend to have a 'gloopy' consistency which makes them easier to measure out and administer but also safer to swallow. The consistency of the medicine is important as if it is too runny patients with swallowing difficulties may still choke.
Liquid medicine may also contain other ingredients to ensure the active medicine stays in the liquid and can work properly; this helps to make sure there is an even distribution of the active 'drug' throughout the whole bottle of medicine so that your first spoonful of medicine from the top of the bottle and your last spoonful from the bottom of the bottle contain exactly the same amount of active drug. Most medicines will state on the label 'shake bottle well before use', it is important that you do this to help ensure all of the drug particles are evenly dispersed throughout the bottle. Some liquid preparations may also contain alcohol. These should obviously be avoided in children, but caution should also be taken by patients who have problems with their liver.
Solution (dosage form) (lat. Solutio) - liquid formulation obtained by dissolving liquid, solid or gaseous substances in a suitable solvent. Solutions are used for indoor and outdoor use, as well as for injection.
Syrup - medicinal form , which is a concentrated aqueous solution of sucrose containing medicinal substances , colorants , flavoring , and perfuming agents. Syrups are prepared by dissolving the sugar in water with heating or in extracts from the plant material. Medicinal syrups are also prepared by adding a drug ( tinctures, extracts ) a sugar syrup. The syrup obtained was filtered and poured into dry , sterile vessels. If necessary, syrups added preservatives ( alcohol nipagin , nipazol , sorbic acid ) or other preservatives permitted for medical use.
Decoction (Latin Decóctum) undosed liquid formulation is an aqueous extract of medicinal plants , specially prepared for this purpose are designed for indoor or outdoor use. Technology infusions and decoctions largely similar. The main difference is in the applicable medicinal plant raw materials and more stringent extraction conditions. For decoctions are used mostly bark, roots , rhizomes, roots and rhizomes with thick hard sometimes leaves (eg , leaves lingonberry or bearberry ).
Tincture (Latin Tinctura) undosed liquid dosage form, is an alcohol and water -alcohol extract of medicinal plants obtained without heating and removal of the extractant.
Drops (lat. Guttae) Liquid dosage forms for oral administration, comprising one or more active substances dissolved, suspended or emulsified in a suitable solvent and dosed droplets. Distinguish drops for topical (eye, ear, nose drops) or internal (Corvalolum, valokordin) application.
Suspension- a liquid form, which is a disperse system containing one or more of solid medicinal substances, suspended in a liquid, as a rule - in water. Suspensions are used for indoor and outdoor use, as well as for injection.
Emulsion - (lat. Emulsum) undosed liquid dosage form representing a disperse system containing two or more soluble, or with immiscible liquids, one of which is emulsified in the other. Emulsions are used for indoor and outdoor use, as well as for injection.
Liquid Medication Азнабакиева.pptx