Linking spatial and streaming data in studies

Linking spatial and streaming data in studies of child development Candice L. Odgers, Ph. D

The E-risk Longitudinal Twin Study (n=2232)

Data Sources • Self Report • Resident Surveys • Police Data • ACORN • Google Street View e. g. , Street-level violence and childhood obesity http: //www. police. uk/metropolitan/00 BEGC/crime/anti-social-behaviour/+Dik. OAG/

Data Sources • Self Report • Resident Surveys • Police Data • ACORN • Google Street View Greater London Area ACORN SES MAP

Data Sources • Self Report • Resident Surveys • Police Data • ACORN • Google Street View

Mapping Income inequality (video) Odgers, CL, Donley, S*, Caspi, A. , Bates, CJ*. & Moffitt, TE. Living alongside more affluent neighbours predicts greater involvement in antisocial behavior among low-income boys. (in press). Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.

Which child will experience better outcomes? Christopher Sachiko

only 18% of low-income children live in concentrated poverty; the remaining in mixed-to-high SES

Antisocial behavior age 5 (mother + teacher) Low-income children growing up alongside more affluent peers engage in more antisocial behavior than their peers in concentrated poverty

Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) on Mobile Devices EMA, new tech ambulatory assessments Dunedin Study: embedded burst design

EMA: Advantages and Opportunities • Capture ‘film’ versus ‘snapshot’ of life • Moving from the Lab -> Life in Context • ↓ Reduce recall bias; capture variability and reactivity • Not a new method, but is creating new possibilities for discovery • Wireless sensors, GPS, video and voice diaries Russell & Odgers (in press). Understanding the daily process of risk and resilience. In C. Peitz and C. Mattson (Eds), Oxford University Press.

ü Focus on extreme vs. routine events, ü daily stressors have large effects on adult health, ü need for high-quality, high-res data, ü Benefits of unobtrusive measurement

• 150 adolescents & parents • 30 days, 3 x per day • Ages 12 -15 years • high-risk neighborhoods • 18 month follow-up

• ETV has immediate and next day effects on behavior, health and sleep. • Adolescents with the highest levels of exposure exhibit ‘blunted’ reactivity. • DRD 4 -7 R carriers are the most reactive to daily triggers

• ETV has immediate and next day effects on behavior, health and sleep. • Adolescents with the highest levels of exposure exhibit ‘blunted’ reactivity. • DRD 4 -7 R carriers are the most reactive to daily triggers *Russell, MR. , *Wang, L. & Odgers, CL. (submitted). Adolescents with the DRD 4 -7 R allele are more reactive to substance exposure: Evidence for a geneenvironment interaction in daily life.

EMA via mobile phones • Challenges with commercially available software -> move to in-house support • Data security; constant challenge • High-levels of compliance and response; but becoming increasingly challenging • Need for improved back-end analytics • Focus groups; reports of higher comfort disclosing sensitive information

Wireless sensors: Our Strategy - Minimize study member burden Gather more reliable (? ) data Real time assessment, lower cost Autosense vs. Commercial product Endless supply of new devices Leonard Ng’eno Challenges & Opportunities - Privacy (avoiding the cloud) - Building in-house capacity - Undergraduate internships (Bass) - Kumar, BD 2 K https: //md 2 k. org/ Michael Nipper

Basis & Sleep George, M. , & Odgers, CL. Seven fears and the science of how mobile technologies may influence adolescents’ social development, safety, cognitive performance and sleep. Perspectives in Psychological Science. George, M. , Russell, MA. & Odgers, CL. (in press). How mobile technologies can advance the study of psychopathology among children and adolescents. Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology, Wiley-Blackwell.

Embedded “Burst” Design Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study • 96% retention by age 38 • Three generation pilot study underway (Caspi, Hotz & Odgers) • Embedded measurement burst, ambulatory measures of sleep, activity, alongside EMA assessments • Early life adversity + momentary reactivity and the prediction of long term morbidity and mortality

Sachiko Donley Michael Russell Emma Hedman adaptlab. org Chris Bates Summer Robins Joy Piontak Madeline George Victor Wang Bonnie Delaune Michael Nipper Chloe Warnberg Leonard Ng’eno candice. odgers@duke. edu