Lilia Goldfarb, Director of the Leadership Department - YWCA Montreal Girls and Sexualization
Quatrième niveau de plan Cinquième niveau de plan In Greek mythology, the Sixième Medusa was a beautiful de niveau Cliquez pour éditer le nymph « the jealous plan format du plan de texte aspiration of many Septième suitors » who gets raped by Second niveau de plan Poseidon in Athena's temple niveau de and becomes pregnant. Troisième niveau de plan Huitième The enraged goddess transforms her beautiful de Quatrième niveau hair into serpents niveau de plan and makes her plan face so terrible to behold that it would the mere sight of. Cinquième Neuvième niveau de turn a man to stone. niveau de plan. Cliquez pour plan modifier les styles du Sixième texte du masque The Medusa Cliquez pour modifier les styles Cliquez pour éditer le du texte du format du plan de texte masque Second niveau de plan Troisième niveau de plan Quatrième niveau de plan Cinquième niveau de plan Sixième
Why the comparison? Medusa is « seduced » by forces far more powerful than her. Even though she was not responsible for the transgression, she is the one that is blamed and punished. The punishment alienates her from others. She ends up being victimized.
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Should we see girls as victims? Are girls mere dupes of sexualizing capitalism or real agents in control of their destinies? A popular trend in girl-studies insists that girls are not victims but rather fully able agents capable of negotiating their identities. They are victims of specific acts, it is always possible to find agency in context. Girls, like everyone else, take up whatever space of power that is available to them.
The Medusa in the story was probably able to decorate her cave and arrange her hair-serpents any way she wanted. Even slaves had agency and certain spaces of negotiation and resistance to occupy within their circumstances. That does not make slavery OK. The concept of girls’ agency needs to be expanded to include collective agency or leadership.
Agency &Consent Are young girls really free to consent? Does their willingness to participate in objectification and sexual acts constitute real agency? Without the capacity to foresee consequences… If they feel that there are no other choices … When their need to belong and be accepted is so important that the standards set by their peers are the only choice… When they grow up believing that their true value
Some Definitions Hypersexualization or sexualized culture: a social phenomenon, characterized by an overabundance of sexual themes in media images and interpersonal relationships. Sexualization: a process external to the individual Sexuality: a process internal to the individual Precocious sexualization: sexualized culture affects those under 15, who adopt adult sexual behaviours without the necessary maturity to face their consequences.
Healthy youth sexuality § § § Takes place when young people are ready for it. Involves mutual respect between freely consenting partners Equality Involves an intimacy that fosters the development of significant bonds and shared pleasure Respect for each person’s rhythm Doing things for mutual pleasure rather than because they feel they have to or just to pleasure men
Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model Cliquez pour modifier les styles du texte du masque Deuxième niveau Troisième niveau Quatrième niveau Cinquième niveau
Self: Identity formation based on appearances, domestication of the body and obsession with beauty defined by narrow criteria. Needs ignored, strategies that affect well-being Return to old male and female stereotypes Displacement of intellectual interests towards the « body project » Physical, intellectual, emotional health
Friends and Peers Peer pressure to conform to the norms the group has established for itself Trivialization of sexuality, particularly oral sex Popular culture and pornography as model of sexual behaviour Sex as a consumer product: mass availability, disposable, meaningless
Parents and family Overwhelmed Wish to be friends with their children Want to be cool and modern Prefer to avoid confrontation Are ill at ease speaking about sexuality Want to give their children what they did not have Opt out of supervisory parental role Their children’s youth becomes a way of preserving their own
Society: Consumerism Confusion between what is real and what appears real Quest for a perfect ideal: beauty, popularity, stardom, image, sexuality. An ideal that creates perpetual dissatisfaction with the self. Shopping gives meaning to life. Control over one’s appearance replaces our lack of control over larger issues. Fosters individualism and narcissism.
Powerful industries: pornography second people spend $ Pornography = every 3000 Annual combined revenue superior to all sport franchises 25% requests made to search engines Child pornography: 3 billion/year industry 116 000 daily requests to search engines 89% of sexual solicitation to children happens in
POWERFUL INDUSTRIES: COMMERCIAL MUSIC Rap and young teens The music portrays this kind of dating violence and coercion around sexual activity as normal relationships (. . . ) I see an acceptance among teenagers – both girls and boys, of the kind of sexual objectification celebrated in this kind of music. There is this notion that it's okay to be used for sex and that there is not any emotional commitment necessary. Michael Rich, spokesperson for the American Academy of Pediatrics Here is an example of clean rap: Nate Dogg's “I Need Me a Bitch. ” I need me a bitch, who ain't scared to flirt I need me a bitch in the middle of the grocery store she'll lift up her skirt I need me a bitch, like I need my crew I need me a bitch to pass on to my boys soon as I get through
Children/youth and media 8 -18 year-olds spend on average 7 hours 38 minutes of daily media consumption. If multitasking is taken into account 10 ¾ hours without including talking on the cell phone or texting, nor using computers for school work. (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2010) Of the roughly 14, 0000 references to sex a teen would see on TV each year, only a small fraction (165) will include any reference to sexual responsibility or STDs. Girls are also more likely to contract STDs than boys. (American Academy of Pediatrics, Sexuality, Contraception, and the Media, 2001) In films, almost 40 % of teenage girls compared to 6. 7 % of boys are shown in sexually revealing clothing (more than young women) (Choueiti & Smith, 2011)
Media influence on children From studies published by Pediatrics High media consumption has been linked to : aggressive behaviour, early sexualization, drug and alcohol consumption, unhealthy food choices, childhood obesity, negative self-image and negative school performance. Early sexualization is linked to unwanted pregnancies and a rise in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Sexual initiation before the age of 13 has been linked to: use of weapons, interpersonal violence and experimentation with drugs and alcohol. Early sexual initiation is inversely correlated to the use of coercion: the younger a girl is at sexual initiation, the higher the chance she has been forced or coerced. Sexually precocious boys have high self-esteem, sexually precocious girls low self-esteem
Stereotypes proposed to boys: Men are hardcore players, obsessed by the cult of the body, sex and cash. Masculinity is built around these practices and sexual harassment. Violence is normal. Women are to be seen and treated as sexual objects.
Stereotypes proposed to girls: Women must be sexy, very feminine and seductive. Willing to satisfy men. Femininity is built around the domestication of the body, diet, exercise, waxing… The body must be controlled and its needs ignored: hunger, pain, disgust. Power is found in self-control and sexuality Being a sex object is normal A woman is her body.
Media messages Cliquez pour modifier les styles du texte du masque Deuxième niveau Troisième niveau Quatrième niveau Cinquième niveau
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What do I sell? Cliquez pour modifier les styles du texte du masque Deuxième niveau Troisième niveau Quatrième niveau Cinquième niveau
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Same product ads for men and women Cliquez pour modifier les styles du texte du masque Deuxième niveau Troisième niveau Quatrième niveau Cinquième niveau
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adults?
Girl power is…
Games for girls: Miss bimbo Become the hottest, coolest most intelligent and talented bimbo the world has ever known! Miss Bimbo is a dress up game where you look after a Bimbo character as she goes through life. To progress in the game you have to get her a hot boyfriend, a cool place to live, and find her a great job. You can also style your Bimbo and show her off to other players. You can compete with other Bimbos to see who's the best dressed and most popular. Miss Bimbo is a free to play dress up game, so try it now! Are you ready to become Queen of the Bimbos!? !
Little girls
Barbies and Bratz
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Multiple forms of violence Does the omnipresence of these images constitute a form of: Symbolic violence? Social violence? Economic violence? Political violence?
In our work… Direct intervention in schools… Tool development and training of professionals working with youth… Conferences and activities with parents… Research and publications… sexuality equals porn Adults are afraid to intervene
What can be done to help kids? and reinforce their resilience and capacity Believe in to resist social and peer pressure to conform Dialogue with them and help them contextualize experiences including identifying their own needs and values around sex Teach them media literacy and help them develop a critical understanding of their culture and what consumer society tries to sell them. Help them improve their self-esteem and self-image Support them in their choice of health-enhancing projects
Guide for parents of preteen girls Cliquez pour modifier les styles du texte du masque Deuxième niveau Troisième niveau Quatrième niveau Cinquième niveau
Seven scenarios Cliquez pour modifier les styles du texte du masque Deuxième niveau Troisième niveau Quatrième niveau Cinquième niveau
Parental questioning Cliquez pour modifier les styles du texte du masque Deuxième niveau Troisième niveau Quatrième niveau Cinquième niveau
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Does consumerism affect our humanity? The poet Percy Bysshe Shelley wrote that, in the rapacity that the industrial revolution created, people first surrendered their minds or the capacity to reason, then their hearts or the capacity to empathize, until all that was left of the original human equipment was the senses or their selfish demands for gratification. At that point, humans entered the stage of market commodities and market consumers--one more thing in the commercial landscape. Without minds or hearts, they are instrumentalized to buy whatever deadens their clamoring and frightened senses--official lies, immoral wars, Barbies, and bankrupt educations. Luciana Bohne, 2003
Guide for parents of preteen girls activity kit for elementary and high school trainings films: Sexy Inc. : Our children under influence For more information please contact: & staying real: Teens confront sexual Lilia Goldfarb stereotypes lgoldfarb@ydesfemmesmtl. org 514 866 9941 ext. 429 www. ydesfemmesmtl. org
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