Life cycle of Leishmania Sandfly Stages Sandfly takes

Life cycle of Leishmania Sandfly Stages Sandfly takes a blood meal (injects promastigote stage into the skin) Divide in midgut and migrate to proboscis Human Stages Promastigotes are phagocytized by macrophages Promastigotes transform into amastigotes inside Amasigotes transform into promastigote stage in midgut Ingestion of parasitized cell Sandfly takes a blood Infective stage meal (ingests macro. Diagnostic phages infected stage with amastigotes) macrophages Amastigotes multiply

Kinetoplastida: morphological forms Amastigote kinetoplast flagellum nucleus Promastigote flagellum Epimastigote Tripomastigote flagellum kinetoplast

Distribution of Visceral leishmaniasis Africa L. donovanii L. infantum L. donovani+infantum No cases Asia and Mediterranean L. infantum L. donovani No cases L. infantum+donovani Europe South and Central America L. donovani L. infantum No cases L. chagasi No cases

New world cutaneous leishmaniasis L. mexicana, L. amasonensis L. venesuelensis L. major, L. garnhami

New World Cutaneous leishmaniasis L. mexicana L. amazonensis L. venezuelensis L. major L. garnhami

Mucocutaneous and diffuse leishmaniasis L. brasiliensis L. panamensis+L. amazonensiss L. peruviana L. guayanensis L. aethopica L. tropica

The life cycle of Trichomonas vaginalis Sexual intercourse Infective stage Diagnostic stage Trophozoite in vaginal and prostatic secretions Multiplies by longitu. Trophozoite in dinal binary fission vagina or uretra