Library Networks The Futuristic Trends Dr H K

Library Networks The Futuristic Trends Dr. H K Kaul Director, DELNET Developing Library Network 2013

Library Networks Around the World Ø Remodeling the profiles To support education, research growing knowledge societies Ø The ICT revolution Supports library networks for introducing latest ICT applications in libraries for offering best content at low cost

Future of Networked Digital Resources Interactive network covers digital LAN signals, video, television signals, local video, personal computers, television receivers, video cassette recorders, printers, and video cameras. A television interface enables any television in the network to receive and display local video output by a personal computer or other device in the network and enables the television to be used as a remote monitor for the computer. Intuitive computing facilitates answers for all types of questions in a given environment.

Future of Networked Digital Resources (contd. ) Relationships Complex relationships are going to be handled by computing models which will revolutionize the networking requirements Multimedia 99% of the digital explosion on the Internet would be in Multimedia format. . Multimedia Search: will provide new opportunities for online advertising and applications.

Future of Networked Digital Resources (contd. ) Resources We are going to have increasingly access to digital resources rather than to collections as the scope of physical collections will gradually decrease. Free, flexible, and virtual information Spaces In place of static library facilities with fixed stacks we are going to have access to free, flexible, and virtual information spaces.

Future of Networked Digital Resources (contd. ) Hypertext Every reliable and good work will get linked, for further explanation or reference, to every other necessary documents through the hypertext. Very large hypertexts and shared information spaces are going to emerge. Flexibility More and more flexibility is getting developed for use in high power computing services. New algorithms avoid large enumeration in programming

Future of Networked Digital Resources (contd. ) Contingency computing plans are going to cover major security systems against attacks, thefts etc Simulation Imitation of real phenomenon with a set of mathematical formulas/ advanced computer programs is going to be on the increase

Future of Networked Digital Resources (contd. ) Global vision of the world’s computational infrastructure is becoming day by day necessary Informal knowledge exchange and social relationships among like-minded individuals/ experts on the increase.

The Case of DELNET Union Catalogues and Union Lists Ø Compiling Union Catalogues and Union Lists DELNET offers about 19 million catalogue records of books, articles, periodicals, e-books, CD-ROMs, video-recordings, soundrecordings, theses and dissertations etc. Every day new records are added Ø ILL Ø DDS

Value Added Content Products Ø Specialised software products Ø Refinements to content Ø Knowledge discovery Ø Networking of virtual learning resources Ø Information support for advanced research projects

Value Added Content Products Ø Consultancy services Ø Support for digital library services Ø Making top quality content available Ø Cloud and data centre services Ø Specialized projects

Other Hidden Web Resources Ø Discovery of quality content from the Hidden Web Ø Paying copyright fees – Ø Pay-per-view

The Main Guidelines Ø Serving all types of libraries and sizes Ø Servicing libraries with all types of materials Ø Bringing the Best from the Web Ø Equitable Access and Services Ø Use of Latest Technologies

The Content-based services e-Book Services Constraints and Restrictions Ø One user per e-book license Ø The saving and sharing of e-books through reading devices Ø Database model-parallel access to different e-books Ø Restrictions on sharing of e-books by consortia and networks Ø Variable pricing models

The Content-based services e-Book Services Constraints and Restrictions Ø Delayed sales Ø Lack of standardisation of format. Ø Hardware Should be accessible through all types of hardware Ø Software: Use of particular e-book reader software facilitating access to hyperlinks, colour, networking features etc. Ø Obsolescence of e-book readers to changemakes libraries to be cautious Ø Purchase and subscription policies of publishers confuse libraries Ø Internet paying methods can’t be handled by all librarians

E-journals Ø Types of e-journals Ø The legal issues including copyright Ø Distribution of licensed content Ø The archival issues Ø Federated search facilities Ø Development of special platforms to manage the collection, distribution and archiving of e-journals.

The Metadata Standards Metadata standards / Retrieval services Ø Dublin Core( "core metadata" for simple and generic resource descriptions) Ø OAI ( Open Archives Initiative) for interoperability standards) Ø ONIX (an XML-based standard for book metadata for the book industry) Ø MARC (for bibliographic and related information)

The Metadata Standards Library of Congress has identified about 300 subject heading lists and thesauri across the world and identified them as ‘Subject Sources’. Library networks need to: Ø Correct the metadata of entries Ø Training Ø Participating libraries to adhere to international standards

Digital Library Technologies Ø Diverse - scanning of content, accessing and archiving of content. Ø Technologies getting upgraded. Ø A library network to select the best technologies

Resource Sharing Technologies Ø DELNET Services Ø ILL Software RLIN use ‘ILL Manager’, Virtual Catalogue Governance Group -SHAREit, Other important products include CBS, ILLiad, Odyssey, INN-Reach, Relais ILL, Clio, Rapid. ILL, Ariel, and Scannx. Ø ISO has been developing protocols for ILL. It ratified ISO ILL Version 2 in 2012 Ø DELNET hopes that all libraries in due course of time in India will adopt automated ILL platform.

Union Catalogues and Union Lists There apprehensions that the discovery environments may impact the creation of catalogues. Lorcan Dimpsey remarks that “ the catalog is being subsumed within larger library discovery environments and catalog data is flowing into other systems and services. ” It is important to see that new technologies are adopted side-by-side the present union catalogue tools to manage smooth changeover.

Cloud Computing Applications Ø Essential for DELNET to man cloud computing in future Stephen Abrams remarks, “The cloud has three aspects of corporate interest to information professionals—the cloud of content, the cloud of metadata, and cloud-based software applications that update software and offer a uniform, current platform to users. There is a risk that corporate end users will migrate to free commercial cloud providers and create maverick parallel systems, with the attendant confidentiality, security, and privacy issues, if the internal intranet doesn’t adapt to their needs. ”

New Search Tools and Technologies Three-pronged approach to searching appropriate content: Ø Content collected and collated from member-libraries and made it searchable Ø Select content collected and processed from open-source collections Ø Select content collected and processed from the hidden web sources.

Federated Searches Fetch in content from disparate public access databases through the Web using a proper query syntax. Ohio Public Library Information Network that had signed a contract for the use of Open. Translators WHICH facilitates the use of federated search interface to access licensed databases, free databases, catalogs, Z 39. 50, Telnet and proprietary databases. Discovery Systems The Other Emerging Tools

Copyright and Other Legal Issues Ø Upholding copyright conventions and rules Ø Content should reach the users Ø The users or concerned member-libraries should be able to pay license fee Ø e-management of copyrighted content at low price for research, reference and study. Ø The lending libraries should be able to make content sharable by other network member-libraries in the digital form Ø License agreements

License Terms Interlibrary loan of digital documents valid for research, reference or study. The libraries participating in consortia activity should insist on that the license: Ø Grants distribution, reproduction and communication rights for research, reference and study purposes only Ø Gives permission to the library to use the content within the members of a library network Ø Specifically mentions what the libraries should not do with the content Ø Method of payment if the use is for a commercial purpose Ø Specify the terms of fair use.

Consultancy to Libraries DELNET has started the consultancy service. This service includes: Ø Providing access to information Ø Guidance on matters of technology and use of tools Ø Access to tools – computers, Internet Ø Access to information resources – books, media, databases Ø How to find quality information.

Training As ICT applications in libraries get upgraded very fast, there is always the need to organise training programmes for library professionals. DELNET does that and hope to do so regularly Orientation Programmes Every month DELNET organized an orientation programme in one State or the other. These orientation programmes help librarians in using DELNET services effectively

Specialised Programmes As technologies remain changing training programmes on issues, technologies and tools is going to be essential. Library professionals have to provide specialized services to their library users. DELNET hopes to organize them from time to time.

Evolving Roles of Libraries A survey conducted in the United States reveals: Ø “There are over 121, 000 libraries in America and 69% of Americans use libraries Ø “ 67% of libraries offer downloadable e-books and 28% lend out e-readers and mobile devices Ø “ 95% of libraries have some kind of online, social media presence. ” Social Networking

Conclusion Ø A library network should have an R & D Ø Negotiations with publishers and vendors by libraries Ø Make open source repositories accessible to member libraries. The quality management have to be done to ensure fast and fair access to such resources.

Conclusion Ø Create value added products Ø Manage to get special content by paying copyright fee which the member-libraries would have to chip in Ø Network public librariesand school libraries also Ø Serve libraries with all types of materials from national and international resources

Conclusion Ø Use knowledge delivery services, search engines, subject portals etc Ø While subscribing to e-resources on behalf of the libraries negotiate the best pricing model. Ø Host e-books on behalf of member libraries. The network could also coordinate the metadata and manage archiving and access to such e-resources. Ø Identify the best digital library technologies.

Conclusion Ø Invite libraries to use automated ILL platforms Ø Create cloud computing facilities Ø Archive useful content made by member-libraries. Ø Adopt a discovery platform to provide better access to quality electronic resources. Ø DELNET respects the rights of copyright holders. While at the same time content should reach the users. The users or concerned member-libraries should pay license fee through the network.