Lesson 1 Types of Merchant Ships — Introduction-

Lesson 1 Types of Merchant Ships - Introduction-

A ship

Basic vocabulary 1 Write definitions for the words below: Radar Pilot house (wheelhouse) Upper deck Capstan

Basic vocabulary 1 Radar: apparatus that detects objects through the use of microwaves. Pilot house: a room in the superstructure containing navigation and steering equipment. Upper deck: higher deck on a ship. Capstan: vertical – axled winch that can be used to apply force to a cable, rope, etc.

Basic vocabulary 2 Write definitions for the words below: Hawsehole (hawsepipe) Anchor Bow Bulwark Flagpole Boom

Basic vocabulary 2 Hawsehole (hawsepipe): opening in the front of a ship for anchor cables. Anchor: a mechanical device that prevents a vessel from moving. Bow: part at the front of a boat that cleaves the water. Bulwark: protective rim of the upper deck. Flagpole: post used to hoist flags. Boom: post used to load and unload goods.

Classification of ships according to what they carry or jobs they perform PEOPLE Cruise liner Passenger liner Hydrofoil Hovercraft

Passenger Liner

Cruise Liner

Hydrofoil

Basic Vocabulary 3 Write definitions for the words below: Hydrofoil boat Stern Stack Windlass

Basic Vocabulary 3 Hydrofoil boat: high-speed ship which lifts above the water surface at speed. Stern: the rear part of a ship Stack (funnel): conical shaped structure consisting of a shaft for ventilation and the passage of smoke. Windlass: horizontal– axled winch that is used to hoist an anchor.

Hovercraft

Hovercraft

Basic vocabulary 4 Write definitions for the words below: Hovercraft Rudder Gearbox

Basic vocabulary 4 Hovercraft: transport vehicle that moves on a cushion of air. Rudder: apparatus for turning the boat. Gearbox: device which reduces or multiplies angular velocity.

Combined / mixed types Passenger – Car ferry General cargo ship Ro-Ro passenger ship

Ferry

Special purpose ship Oil tanker (ULCC, VLCC) Chemical carrier LPG carrier LNG carrier FPSO (Floating production storage and offloading)

Oil tanker (side view)

Oil tanker 1 oil tanker = petroleum tanker designed for the bulk transport of oil Basic types: Crude tanker (carries large quantities of unrefined oil from its point of extraction to refineries) Product tanker (smaller / carries petrochemicals from refineries to points near consuming markets)

Oil tanker 2 VLC – very large crude carrier (200, 000 – 300, 000 dwt) ULCC – ultra large crude carrier (> 300, 000 dwt)

Chemical carrier = type of tanker designed to transport chemicals in bulk has separate cargo tanks - coated

LPG carrier

LNG carrier

FPSO

FPSO = floating production, storage and offloading used by the offshore industry for processing hydrocarbons and storage of oil hydrocarbons produced from nearyby platforms are received, processed, stored, offloaded

Special purpose ship Container ship Ro-Ro ship Car carrier Bulk carrier

Container ship

Container ship rapid growth ofcontainer transport cargo can be transported from customer to customer TEU (twenty feet equivalent unit) FEU (forty feet equivalent unit)

Ro – Ro ship

Ro-Ro ship roll on / roll off wheeled cargo (automobiles, trucks, etc. ) ramps

Bulk carrier

Bulk carrier carries unpackaged bulk cargo (grain, coal, ore, cement) in cargo holds bulk cargo can be dense, corrosive and abrasive -> cargo shifting ; spontaneous combustion

Basic vocabulary 5 Write definitions for the words below: Navigation bridge Container Loading crane Bulbous bow

Basic vocabulary 5 Navigation bridge: raised platform from which a vessel is controlled. Container: standard sized boxlike object used for transporting goods. Loading crane: apparatus used to lift and operate cargo (containers). Bulbous bow: a protruding bulb at the bow of a ship just below the waterline.

Special purpose vessels Harbour tug Ocean -going tug Supplier Dredger LASH ship Heavy-lift vessel

Tugboat

Tugboat highly manoeuverable powerful for their size / strongly built

Supplier

Supplier = supply ship designed to supply offshore oil platforms transports goods and personnel to and from offshore oil platforms

Grab dredger

Grab dredger used to maintain or deepen channels and fairways

LASH SHIP Lighter aboard ship Loading of barges (lighters)

Heavy-lift vessel

Heavy-lift vessel moves vary large loads that cannot be handled by normally equipped ships semi-submersible

Special purpose vessels Cablelayer Icebreaker Oil drilling vessel Research ship

Icebreaker

Icebreaker hulls which are strengthened for navigation in ice reinforced stem

Fishing vessels Trawler Freezer trawler Fishery factory ship Whale factory ship

Trawler

Trawler engaged in all-the-year-round fishing must therefore be a strong, sturdy vessel able to work in the worst of weather

Freezer trawler can remain at sea for many weeks longer than this as the catch is sorted, washed, gutted and then frozen into about 40 kg-blocks and retained at a temperature of about -28°C, until port is reached.

Fish factory the catch is not only cleaned and gutted, but also filleted, skinned and processed ready for the market