Lesson 1 Types of Merchant Ships A

Lesson 1 Types of Merchant Ships

A ship – part 1

Basic vocabulary 1 a 1. You embark or disembark a ship by the _____. 2. The _____is for letting the smoke out of the engines. 3. The opposite end of the boat from the stern is the _____. 4. You can see the sea through the _____.

Basic vocabulary 1 b 5. I crossed the Channel on the ______. 6. The 'Charles de Gaulle' is a _____. 7. A _____ is the watertight body of a ship or boat. 8. A ______is a boat designed for sea rescue.

Basic vocabulary 1 a 1. You embark or disembark a ship by the GANGWAY. 2. The FUNNEL is for letting the smoke out of the engines. 3. The opposite end of the boat from the stern is the BOW. 4. You can see the sea through the PORTHOLE.

Basic vocabulary 1 b 5. I crossed the Channel on the FERRY-BOAT. 6. The 'Charles de Gaulle' is a WARSHIP. 7. A HULL is the watertight body of a ship or boat. 8. A LIFEBOAT is a boat designed for sea rescue.

A ship – part 2

Basic vocabulary 2 a Write definitions for the words below: Radar Pilot house (wheelhouse) Upper deck Capstan

Basic vocabulary 2 a Radar: apparatus that detects objects through the use of microwaves. Pilot house: a room in the superstructure containing navigation and steering equipment. Upper deck: higher deck on a ship. Capstan: vertical – axled winch that can be used to apply force to a cable, rope, etc.

Basic vocabulary 2 b Write definitions for the words below: Hawsehole (hawsepipe) Anchor Bow Bulwark Flagpole Boom

Basic vocabulary 2 b Hawsehole (hawsepipe): opening in the front of a ship for anchor cables Anchor: a mechanical device that prevents a vessel from moving Bow: part at the front of a boat that cleaves the water

Basic vocabulary 2 b Bulwark: protective rim of the upper deck Flagpole: post used to hoist flags Boom: post used to load and unload goods

Classification Ships can be classified according to their purpose: I. Transportation of cargo or/and passengers; II. Assistance and service (special purpose vessels); III Catching of fish (fishermen); IV. Peace keeping (warships).

I. Transportation Cruise liner Passenger liner Hydrofoil Hovercraft of passengers

Cruise Liner

Passenger Liner

Hydrofoil

Basic Vocabulary 3 Write definitions for the words below: Hydrofoil boat Stern Stack Windlass

Basic Vocabulary 3 Hydrofoil boat: high-speed ship which lifts above the water surface at speed Stern: the rear part of a ship Stack (funnel): conical shaped structure consisting of a shaft for ventilation and the passage of smoke Windlass: horizontal– axled winch that is used to hoist an anchor

Hovercraft

Hovercraft

Basic vocabulary 4 Write definitions for the words below: Hovercraft Rudder Gearbox

Basic vocabulary 4 Hovercraft: transport vehicle that moves on a cushion of air Rudder: apparatus for turning the boat Gearbox: device which reduces or multiplies angular velocity; it uses gears and gear trains to provide speed and torque conversions from a rotating power source to another device

Basic vocabulary 5 Write definitions for the words below: Navigation bridge Container Loading crane Bulbous bow

Basic vocabulary 5 Navigation bridge: raised platform from which a vessel is controlled Container: standard sized boxlike object used for transporting goods Loading crane: apparatus used to lift and operate cargo (containers) Bulbous bow: a protruding bulb at the bow of a ship just below the waterline

Bulbous bow

I. Combined / mixed types Passenger – Car ferry General cargo ship Ro-Ro passenger ship

Ferry

I. Cargo ships (freighters) Cargo ships/freighters can be divided into five groups, according to the type of cargo they carry: General Cargo Vessels Tankers Dry-bulk Carriers Multipurpose Vessels Reefer Ships

General Cargo Vessels carry packaged items like chemicals, foods, furniture, machinery, motor- and military vehicles, footwear, garments, etc. Tankers carry petroleum products or other liquid cargo.

Bulk carrier carries unpackaged bulk cargo (grain, coal, ore, cement) in cargo holds cargo in loose form bulk cargo can be dense, corrosive and abrasive -> cargo shifting ; spontaneous combustion

Bulk carrier

Multi-purpose Vessels carry different classes of cargo – e. g. liquid and general cargo – at the same time. A Reefer (or Refrigerated) ship is specifically designed and used for shipping perishable commodities which require temperature-controlled, mostly fruits, meat, fish, vegetables, dairy products etc.

Oil tanker (ULCC, VLCC) Chemical carrier LPG carrier LNG carrier FPSO (Floating production storage and offloading)

Oil tanker (side view)

Oil tanker 1 oil tanker = petroleum tanker designed for the bulk transport of oil Basic types: Crude tanker (carries large quantities of unrefined oil from its point of extraction to refineries) Product tanker (smaller / carries petrochemicals from refineries to points near consuming markets)

Oil tanker 2 VLCC – very large crude carrier (200, 000 – 300, 000 dwt) ULCC – ultra large crude carrier (> 300, 000 dwt)

Chemical carrier = type of tanker designed to transport chemicals in bulk has separate cargo tanks - coated

LPG carrier

LNG carrier

FPSO

FPSO = floating production, storage and offloading used by the offshore industry for processing hydrocarbons and storage of oil hydrocarbons produced from nearyby platforms are received, processed, stored, offloaded

Container ship Ro-Ro ship Car carrier Bulk carrier

Container ship

Container ship rapid growth of container transport cargo can be transported from customer to customer TEU (twenty feet equivalent unit) FEU (forty feet equivalent unit)

Ro – Ro ship

Ro-Ro ship roll on / roll off wheeled cargo (automobiles, trucks, etc. ) ramps

II. Assistance and service Harbour tug; Ocean -going tug Research ship Supplier Dredger Cablelayer LASH ship Heavy-lift vessel Icebreaker etc.

Tugboat

Tugboat highly manoeuverable powerful for their size / strongly built CPP

Supplier

Supplier = supply ship designed to supply offshore oil platforms transports goods and personnel to and from offshore oil platforms

Grab dredger

Grab dredger used to maintain or deepen channels and fairways

LASH ship

LASH ship Lighter aboard ship has a flat main deck, without obstacles loading and transport of barges (lighters) between inland waterways separated by open seas

Heavy-lift vessel

Heavy-lift vessel moves vary large loads that cannot be handled by normally equipped ships semi-submersible

Icebreaker

Icebreaker hulls which are strengthened for navigation in ice reinforced stem

III. Fishing vessels (fisherman) Trawler Freezer trawler Fishery factory ship Whale factory ship

Trawler

Trawler engaged in all-the-year-round fishing must therefore be a strong, sturdy vessel able to work in the worst of weather

Freezer trawler can remain at sea for many weeks longer than this as the catch is sorted, washed, gutted and then frozen into about 40 kg-blocks and retained at a temperature of about -28°C, until port is reached.

Fish factory the catch is not only cleaned and gutted, but also filleted, skinned and processed ready for the market

IV. Warships (Man-of-war) peace-keeping vessels equipped with a high-power propulsion plant