Lecture 2 Print Production Management and Standardization Dr

Lecture 2: Print Production Management and Standardization Dr. Anastasios E. Politis 11 June 2010

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE Structure and characteristics Small to medium sized businesses with a few, however, very important exceptions ØStrong dependency from the advertising industry ØContinuously tough competitive pressure due to ･ Massive over capacities ･ Similar content as in suppliers in the market ･ The entrance of new other European Countries but: The penetration of the electronic media into the market n Different structure n Influenced by other parameters - most important: the structure of the formal Hellenic Educational System

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM STRUCTURE OF THE FORMAL HELLENIC EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM POST GRADUATE STUDIES Tertiary UNIVERSITIES (AEI) GENERAL EXAMINATIONS Post secondary education Secondary education 15 -18 years Compulsory 9 years education 6 -15 years Vocational training 1 year GENERAL LYCEUM (3 years) Integrated Lyceum (3 years) IEK Institutions of vocational (initial) training 2 years Technical & Vocational Lyseum (3 years) PRIMARY SCHOOL 6 years NURSERY SCHOOL Technical & Vocational Schools (Initial Training) (2 years) LABOUR MARKET TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS TEI

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM POST GRADUATE STUDIES Tertiary UNIVERSITIES GENERAL EXAMINATIONS IEK Institutions of vocational (initial) training 2 years Post secondary education Secondary education 15 -18 years Compulsory 9 years education 6 -15 years LYCEUM (3 years) Technical Educational Units (3 years) GYMNASIUM 3 years PRIMARY SCHOOL 6 years NURSERY SCHOOL Technical & Vocational Schools (2 years) LABOUR MARKET TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM THE VOCATIONAL - TECHNICAL TRAINING SYSTEM IN GREECE Compulsory Secondary Compulsory education Technical Educational Units LYCEUM LABOUR MARKET Post secondary Institutions of Vocational training (IEK)

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM CHARACTERISTICS OF FORMAL HELLENIC EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM (1) GENERAL LYCEUM: 85%* of pupils TECHNICAL - VOCATIONAL 15%* of pupils LYCEUMS - SCHOOLS: *approx. Numbers, slide variation every year

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FORMAL HELLENIC EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM (2) n Most pupils want to succeed within the General Examination (Abschlusspruefung/ Matura) and attend a n n University Most pupils attend additional courses in private schools where they are prepared for the General examination Those pupils that do not succed at the General examination: 4 Attend a private post-secondary technical course or a college 4 4 Immigrate to a University in another country Try again to succeed within the General Examination by attending a preparation course.

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM YOUNG PEOPLE THAT STUDY IN ANOTHER COUNTRY IN RELATIONSHIP WITH THE TOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS AT THE HIGHER EDUCATION IN EACH COUNTRY

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM • University and/or TEI graduates and graduates from General Lyceum Graduates from the secondary technical and vocational educational system

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM University - TEI graduates Secondary technical vocational educational graduates

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM SCHOOLS OFFERING GRAPHIC ARTS COURSES WITHIN THE FORMAL EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM Higher Technological Educational Institutes: Athens TEI: Faculty of Graphic Arts Technology Faculty of Graphic Design Post secondary - Secondary IEK - vocational training Institutes (Public and Private almost exclusively in graphic design) Technical Schools (offering some graphic arts and design courses) Approx. 30 all around Greece Vocational Training Schools Only a few

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM STRUCTURE OF EMPLOYMENT IN THE GREEK GRAPHIC ARTS INDUSTRY Main specializations: n n n n Graphic Designer Page-layout maker Prepress systems operator Monteur Plate maker Printer Bookbinder Packaging printing and finishing operator

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM INFLUENCES ON THE GREEK GRAPHIC ARTS INDUSTRY : n Many graphic designers graduate from various schools n Low quality of education at many of these courses mainly offered by private schools n Quite limited opportunities for employement n A few schools for printing - graphicarts technology n High degree of requests for printers - unexperienced people enter the industry n Training on -the-job

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE Old-fashioned curricula. § § § Many schools offering graphic design modules courses. Only a few schools offering graphic arts education (Pre -press, Printing, Finishing). Special needs and requirements of certain branches of the industry such as Graphic Arts are ignored from the educational organisations (Public and private).

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE (cont): § § § Application of in-job training by the companies. Unions of Federations of employers and trade unions employees do not have access in the desing of education within the sector and to educational reforms. Reforms within the educational and training systems are taking place only atis done on a horizontal level (no sector approach).

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM THE FACULTY OF GRAPHIC ARTS TECHNOLOGY ATHENS TEI

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM HISTORY OF THE FACULTY • ESTABLISHMENT: 1973 • FIRST OPERATION: 1974 (As Higher School of Graphic Arts) • DURATION OF STUDIES: 7 semesters of study, 1 semester of practical employment (work placement), Diplom project. • CONTENT OF STUDIES: Graphic Arts Technology, Printed matters design and production, Colour, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Materials, Prepress, Printing Methods, Finishing, Packaging, Management, Production organization, Quality control. TITLE OF GRADUATES: • Graphic Arts Technologists (Diplom-Ingenieur) • Number of graduates 1977 -2005: 1100 (an approximate number)

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM GRAPHIC ARTS GRADUATES FROM THE FACULTY OF GRAPHIC ARTS TECHNOLOGY 1977 -1997 Source: Politis Research

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM GRAPHIC ARTS GRADUATES FROM THE FACULTY OF GRAPHIC ARTS TECHNOLOGY (cont) 19982004: Year 1998 1999 2000 -2001 Graduates 41 62 55 2001 -2002 57 2002 -2003 93 2003 -2004 26

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM EMPLOYMENT OF GRAPHIC ARTS GRADUATES A) ACCORDING TO THE PRODUCTION FIELD: Prepress, Publishing 35% Offset printing, Finishing Packaging 10% Advertisement - Screen Printing 5% Management, administration 25% Education 25% B) ACCORDING TO THE FORM OF EMPLOYMENT: Freelancers - Owners of a private company 40% Empoyees at a Graphic Arts Company 60 -65% Source: Politis Research 35 -

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM REFORM FOR THE FACULTY WITHIN THE NEW CONDITIONS IN EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY: n NEED FOR REORIENTATION OF STUDIES n NEED FOR A NEW CURRICULA n NEED FOR CLOSER COOPERATION WITH THE INDUSTRY / ORGANISATIONS / OTHER COUNTRIES AND UNIVERSITIES

GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION IN GREECE - Dr. Anastasios Politis, 25 -01 -2007 - FHM PARAMETERS FOR CONSIDERATION: n n n STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF THE GRAPHIC ARTS INDUSTRY FORMATION OF THE WIDER MEDIA INDUSTRY REQUIREMENTS FOR NEW SKILLS AND QUALIFICATIONS FLEXIBLE WORKING ENVIRONMENTS NEW LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS

Thank you for your attention! Dr. Anastasios E. Politis politisresearch@techlink. gr tasosp@kth. se Questions?