Lecture 1 The current state of processing of

Lecture 1. The current state of processing of mineral resources of Kazakhstan. Lecture 2. Minerals and ores of rare metals and their methods of enrichment Yerbolat Sailaukhanuly, Ph. D

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Application of rare metals 4

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Technological features of rare metals production from their minerals 1. Rare metals ore is usually poor. So, it is required enrichment and complex processing 2. None of rare metal is not reduced directly from the raw ore. Previously, pure chemical compounds (oxides, salts), serving raw material for the production of pure metal, are obtained from raw material 6

Processing of raw materials 1. Decomposition concentrate 1. 1 pyrometallurgical processes - alloying, burning, sublimation 1. 2 hydrometallurgical processes – acid, alkaline treatment 2. Obtaining pure chemical compounds 2. 1 Chemical processes in aqueous solutions (extraction, ion exchange, deposition, crystallization and etc. ) 2. 2 Pyro processes (sublimation of chlorides or oxides, rectification of halogenides) 3. Obtaining pure metals Pyrometallurgical processes of reduction of metals from chemical compounds 3. 1 Reduction from aqueous solution by cementation or electrolysis (Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Re) 3. 2 Reduction from oxides or halogenides by H, Co and C at elevated temperatures (W, Mo, Re, Ge, Nb, Ta) 3. 3 Reduction from oxides or salts by Me (metalthermy) or electrolysis (Ta, V, Ti, Zr, Li, Be, Th, U) 7