Learning Aim The Basic Layout of English Newspapers General Features of News English Different Styles of News Articles
The Significance of Newspaper Reading 1. Good learning Resources for English learners for the rich vocabulary, which includes various idioms, common sayings and diverse phrases.
The Significance of Newspaper Reading 2. Enable the learners to enhance their reading ability by providing authentic English learning material.
The Significance of Newspaper Reading 3. Broaden the readers’ horizon, being the major access to world news.
The Significance of Newspaper Reading 4. Good helper for the learners to improve their writing skill, due to the expert use of various writing techniques like personification, irony etc. in features.
Brief Introduction of American and British newspapers and magazines
美国和英国的日报总数约两千多家， 各种期刊为五千余种，其中绝大多数 是地方性和专业性报刊，全国性大报 和杂志为数并不多。下面介绍在美英 国内若干有影响的报刊。
American major papers The New York Times The Washington Post Los Angeles Times USA Today The Wall Street Journal 《纽约时报》 《华盛顿邮报》 《洛杉矶时报》 《今日美国报》 《华尔街日报》 The Christian Science 《基督教科学箴言报》 Monitor International Herald Tribune 《国际先驱论坛报》
American major papers Free Press Chicago Sun-Times New York Daily News Boston Globe Dalas Morning News San Francisco Chronicle 《自由新闻报 》 《芝加哥太阳时报 》 《纽约每日新闻 》 《波士顿环球报 》 《达拉斯晨报 》 《旧金山纪事报 》
American major news magazines Time Newsweek Reader’s Digest Fortune Business Week Far Eastern Review 《时代》周刊 《新闻周刊》 《读者文摘》 《财富》杂志 《商业周刊 》 《远东经济评论》
American major news magazines 《美国新闻与世界报道 》 U. S. News and World Report 《史密斯森学会》杂志 Smithsonian 《明星》 Star Family Circle 《家族》月刊 American Legion 《美国军团》 People Weekly 《人民周刊》 National Geographic 《国家地理》杂志
British newspapers 英国报刊发行与美国不尽相同，国内外财团控制的大报业集团的 报纸占全英发行量的90%，这些大集团以往又都是集中在伦敦市 中心的报业中心“舰队街”（Fleet Street）。因此，Fleet Street常 用来借喻伦敦或英国“报界”或“新闻界”。现在为了改善发行和促 进在海外销售，有的已移往伦敦其他地区或城市，甚至海外，如 《卫报》就在德国发行国际版，而《金融时报》就直接在德国、 美国和日本等国印刷发行。英国报纸按风格和内容分为quality /popular /mid-market papers, “质量类”报纸是严肃性大开张（ broadsheet）的全国性日报，有很高的编辑水平，读者对象是受 过较高教育的上层和中产阶级人士。Daily Express《每日快报》、 Daily Mail《每日邮报》、Daily Mirror《每日镜报》、Daily Star 《每日明星报》、The Sun《太阳报》都是“通俗类”小报，消息 不如quality papers 那样严肃可靠，往往追求轰动效应。如《太阳 报》就以刊登英国王室成员和政界人士的桃色新闻和美女照片而“ 著称”。其发行量居首位。读者基本是 人阶级和中产阶级。“中 间市场类”指介于这两者之间的报纸。
British major newspapers The Times Financial Times The Guardian The Telegraph Daily Express Daily Mail Daily Star Morning Star The Sun 《泰晤士报》 《金融时报》 《卫报》 《每日电讯报》 《每日快报》 《每日邮报》 《每日明星报》 《晨星报》 《太阳报》
British major news magazines Weekly News The Spectator Tribune Punch Finance Private Eye Listener New Statesman and Society 《每周新闻》 《旁观者》 《论坛》 《笨拙》 《金融》周刊 《私探》双周刊 《听众》 《新政治家和社会》
Now, watch a CNN video clip for relaxation
Major News Agencies Major provider of news for newspapers, radios and TV stations A. P. ( Associated Press) UPI( United Press International) Reuters(Reuter’s News Agency) PA(Press Association) DPA AFP ANSA （美国）美联社 （美国）合众社 （英国）路透社 （英国）报纸联合社 （德国）德新社 （法国）法新社 （意大利）安莎社
Major News Agencies 美英通讯社简介 西方报纸、电台和电视等新闻，许多都是由通讯社提供的。下面介绍 的是英美四大通讯社。 1． AP (abbrev. Associated Press) (美国) 美联社，成立于1848年， 总部设在纽约市。1976年就已有1，181家美国日报和约 3，462家广播 电台和电视台接受该社提供的新闻服务，现在它是世界最大的通讯社。 2． UPI (abbrev. United Press International) (美国)合众国际社，成立 于1907年，它开创了一些重要的新闻报道业务，如它于1925年开办了 新闻图片等服务。在 20世纪 70年代末，该社就为 100多个国家的4，503 家客户服务。它有250多个分社向外提供新闻。 3． Reuters (abbrev. Reuter’s News Agency) (英国)路透社，1851年 由路透(Paul Julius Reuter)创建，总部设在伦敦。它是一家商业性通讯 社。20世纪 60年代以来，它播发经其压缩的来自诸如中国等国的新闻 报道，美国也有几十家报纸定购该社的新闻。现在其业务已遍及全球 150多个国家。该社拥有91个国家 14，800名职员，1，800名记者， 138个分社。 4． PA (abbrev. Press Association) (英国)报纸联合社，它通过该社 的新闻（PA News）、体育（PA Sport）和数据设计(PA Data Design) 这三家公司而成为英国的全国新闻社，为报纸、广播电台和电视台提供 全方位的新闻和信息服务。
Newspaper contents &Sections 报刊内容与版面编排 一般而言，英美报刊常见的新闻报道中有以下这几 方面读者感兴趣的内容： 1． 政治与政府 (politics and government) 2． 灾难 (disasters) 3． 犯罪与诉讼 (crime and courts) 4． 商业 (business) 5． 罢 、示威游行及纠纷 (strikes, demonstrates and disputes) 6． 战争和恐怖主义活动 (war and terrorism) 7． 环境 (environment) 8． 名人 (famous people) 9． 体育 (sports) 10. 娱乐 (entertainments)
Newspaper contents &Sections News Features Sports Business Editorial/OP-Ed Classifieds Science and Technology Life Health Entertainment 新闻版 专题报道版/特写 体育版 财经版 社论版/专栏版 分类广告版 科技版 生活版 医疗保健版 娱乐版
Reading Exercises Passage 1 Kerry Blasts Bush Iraq “mistake” Democrat presidential hopeful John Kerry has accused President Bush of failing to do enough to get the world support needed to win peace in Iraq. In a weekly radio address to Democrats Mr. Kerry said the Bush administration has to change its strategy in Iraq. This month has seen a surge of violence and kidnappings of foreigners in Iraq, including an American soldier. Jordan’s King Abdullah has said the presence of US troops in Iraq has led to great animosity in the Arab. The King, in the US for talks with Mr. Bush, said the feeling “being felt toward the United States around the region and around the world is not a healthy one. ” “Stubborn”
Reading Exercises Meanwhile, Mr. Kerry called for a new UN-backed mission to help rebuild Iraq, with a Nato security force under US command keeping order. The president may not want to admit mistakes, but his choices in Iraq have so far produced a tragedy of errors, ” he said. “Staying the course does not mean stubbornly holding to the wrong course. ” In the address, taped in Pittsburgh, on Friday, he added: “The failure of the administration to internationalize the conflict has lost us time, momentum and credibility and made America less safe. ” (According to) the BBC’s Jannat Jalil, in Washington, this is an attempt by John Kerry, just seven months before an election that’s too close to call, to show he would deal with the mounting violence and casualties in Iraq.
Reading Exercises Choose the Correct Answer 1 Who is the article about? A) George W. Bush B) King Abdullah C) John Kerry D) Jannat Jalil 2. How did Kerry make his statements? A) in a weekly radio address B) in an exclusive interview C) on a late night talk show D) on a web-based interview 3 King AbullahⅡ is the king of what country? A)Iraq B) Afghanistans C) Jordan D) Syria
Reading Exercises Choose the Correct Answer 4. The king believes that, A) people in the Middle-east adore Americans B) middle-eastern people welcome the presence of American soldiers C) violence and kidnappings are not important D) the presence of US troops has caused great resentment among Middle-eastern people. 5 Animosity means what? A) animal-like B) hostility C) adoration D) happiness 6 A synonym for stubborn is what? A) pig-headed B) crafty C) wise D) open-minded 7 Where did Kerry record his address? A) Washington D. C. B) San Francisco C) Pittsburg D) Fallujah
Reading Exercises Choose the Correct Answer 8. The election for the president of the US is described as being “too close to call”, what does this mean? A) The election will happen soon B) both sides have an equal chance of winning C) betting on the results is not allowed D the election will happen in Richmond 9. Mr. Kerry refers to US Troops “keeping order”, what does he mean? A) maintaining a peaceful society B) giving orders to Iraqi people C) making lists and files D) none of the above Keys to Article 1. C A C D B A C B A
The Major Difficulties of Reading English Newspapers 1. the special writing style which often goes against the normal grammar will pose great obstacle for learners because it always strives to contain the richest information in as few words as possible.
The Major Difficulties of Reading English Newspapers 2. News English is rich in puns(双关)， overtones(弦外之音)，and various word games by means of polysemy ( 一词多义), synonym(同义词) and antinomy(反义词).
The Major Difficulties of Reading English Newspapers 3. Western journalists like to quote the classics in their reports, so lack of necessary cultural background knowledge will lead to confusion.
Example So far, the European Commission is wary of（谨 慎的） encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation. That might, it is feared, open a Pandora’s box already containing Basques, Corsicans and other awkward peoples. (The Economist ) Basques 巴斯克人，居住在西班牙北 部比利牛斯山区。曾多次举行大规 模游行示威要求脱离西班牙政府， 实行自治。
Example So far, the European Commission is wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation. That might, it is feared, open a Pandora’s box already containing Basques, Corsicans and other awkward peoples. (The Economist ) Corsicans科西嘉人。科西嘉岛是地中海 中的岛屿，1769年被强行并入法国领土； 拿破仑一世的出生地。自从被侵占后，科 西嘉人从未停止民族独立运动。
Example So far, the European Commission is wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation. That might, it is feared, open a Pandora’s box already containing Basques, Corsicans and other awkward peoples. (The Economist ) Pandora’s box潘多拉之魔盒，典 出希腊神话。比喻“灾难之源”或“由 于不明智的干预而引起许多难以解 决的复杂问题”。
Example The idea of March looms as a crucial time. Pollster Richard Wirthlin and Counsellor Ed Meese have warned the president that just about now President Carter began to yield to outside clamor. He lost his power through retreat（退却） and vacillation（动摇犹豫）. ( Time) “idea of March”指古罗马日历的 三月十五日，比喻“危险即将来临 的日期”。典出莎士比亚悲剧 Julius Caesar(《裘力斯 • 恺撒》)。
Essential Techniques for Reading English News 1. Familiarity with news English vocabulary.
Essential Techniques for Reading English News example run, race, juice, measure, Speaker, chemistry, establishment, take a walk, go fishing, high profile, dry, wet, He blinked, I’m a family man may mean respectively in daily English“跑”、 “竞赛”、“汁”、“措施”、“发言人”、“化学”、“ 建立”、“散步”、“去钓鱼”、“高姿态”、“干”、“ 湿”、“他眨了眨眼”、和“我是一个有家室的人 ”。
Essential Techniques for Reading English News example run, race, juice, measure, Speaker, chemistry, establishment, take a walk, go fishing, high profile, dry, wet, He blinked, I’m a family man may mean respectively in daily English But in news English these words may mean respectively : “竞选”、“神通”、“议案”、“ 议长”、“（人际）关系”、“权势集团”、“退党”、“与党 离心离德”、“引人注目或公开的”、英国保守党中的“ 强硬派”、“温和派”、“他顶不住而退让了”、和“我是一 个治家有方、治国有道的人”。
Essential Techniques for Reading English News 2. Accumulation of various world knowledge is highly important.
Example Republicans narrowly retained control of the House in November. The new Senate will be split 50 -50, and will include Mr. Lieberman. But any ties will be broken by the new vice president, Mr. Cheney. The International Herald Tribune 在十一月大选后组成的新一届国会中，共和 党仍勉强控制着众议院。在参议院，两党平 分秋色，各占 50席，而且民主党议员中还包 括落选的副总统候选人利伯曼。然而，如果 在表决中票数相等而出现相持不下的局面时， 新任副总统切尼先生会打破这种僵局
Example Republicans narrowly retained control of the House in November. The new Senate will be split 50 -50, and will include Mr. Lieberman. But any ties will be broken by the new vice president, Mr. Cheney. The International Herald Tribune 美国宪法规定，参议院主席（ President of the Senate)一职由副总 统兼任，在表决出现相持不下的局面 时，他才有投票权。
Reading Exercises EU expansion: The end of the beginning BBC, News, April 5, 2004 By James Arnorld It may smack of cliché to point out that expansion of the European Union is not the end of a process but rather a station along the way. For the past decade a batch of (mainly ex-communist) European states have been returning their laws, upgrading their bureaucracies, selling off state property and generally aligning their economies as closely as possible to EU norms. Their entry into the EU is a sign that this process has been successful. But only yup（yes) to a point. With a few slick exceptions. Central Europe does not look or feel Western yet, and the deeper you dig into the region’s political and economic structure the more obvious it becomes that the process of catching up has barely begun.
Reading Exercises Labour markets are arguably the best-known area of concern. The issue runs much deeper than the current migration scarcity, however. In the longer term, Central Europe is torn between two conflicting worries: that Brussels-mandated deregulation could cost thousands of jobs; and that fussy Germen-style Labour rule could put off investors who value the region’s flexibility and low costs. Most tricky- and arguably least publicized-of all is the region’s progress towards adopting the euro. Central Europe is keen on the euro: some are pegged to it. The euro zone's fiscal and monetary criteria are not too much of a stretch for most new members, especially since there will be at least another two years before they can join. And Central Europe’s extensive trade links with the West are seen as an indicator that its economies are in lockstep.
Reading Exercises Choose the Correct Answer 1. What does the headline mean? a). That the goal_the end_is beginning to happen b). The beginning moment of the EU expansion is ending c) The EU is beginning to end d) The final expansion of the EU is complete 2. Why does the writer say, “may smack of cliché”? a). it might seem unimportant b). The statement may be obvious c). His statement is not a cliché d). His article might be boring 3. How have the nations of Central Europe been aligning themselves with EU Norms? a). revising laws and regulations b). modernizing governmental organizations c). shedding government owned real estates d）all of the above.
Reading Exercises Choose the Correct Answer 4. Why does Central Europe attract investors? a). flexibility and low-cost b). prevalence of smokestack industries c). German-styled labour rules d) High unemployment 5. The phrase “could put off investors”, what is a synonym for “put off”? a) attract b) place c) take away d) repel 6. Central European countries are: a) eager to have the euro as their currency. b) afraid to lose their national currencies. c) devoted to the ideas of nationalism as symbolized by national currencies d) indifferent to the euro
Reading Exercises Choose the Correct Answer 7. How long before Central Europe may join the eurozone? a) immediately b) upon joining the EU c) in 2006 d) they cannot 8. Another way to say “the deeper you dig”? a) higher you climb b) the more you investigate c) longer you think d) father you walk 9 What are “smokestack industries”? a). industries that make smokestacks b) industries that look like smokestacks c) Heavily polluting industries d) nuclear reactors Keys to Article 2 : b b d a c b c
Reading Exercise Directions: Read the following news articles and try to get the general features of News English Rupee sinks against dollar Khozem Merchant, Bombay
Reading Exercise The Indian rupee sank to an all-time low against the US dollar yesterday after concerns over the rising price of oil, the country’s costliest import. Oil prices have touched 10 year highs in recent days. The Nepali rupee, which is fixed against the Indian currency, also fell to a fresh low against the dollar. The Indian rupee has weakened by about 6. 6 per cent since January. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) tried to calm the markets but as in last month’s bout of rupee nervousness, the impact of the central bank’s attempts to reassure markets was short-lived. After a brief spurt, the rupee weakened following the RBI’s assurances that domestic oil companies’ foreign exchanges needs would be fully met.
Reading two Colombian Sent to U. S. for Drug Trial
Reading Exercise BOGOTA, Colombia—The alleged leader of one of Colombia’s most powerful drug cartels was sent yesterday to the United States to stand trial, days after drug dealers threatened violence if authorities carried out the extradition. Security forces escorted Alberto Orfandez Gamboa onto the tarmac at Bogota’s international airport, where he boarded a U. S. Drug Enforcement Administration plane, said President Andres Pastrana. U. S. authorities say Gamboa, 44, is the head of an international drug trafficking and money laundering organization headquartered in Barranquilla on Colombia’s Caribbean coast. He faces charges in U. S. District Court in Manhattan that he conspired to import and distribute thousands of pounds of cocaine from Colombia to New York and other U. S. destinations. He is also accused of smuggling cocaine to Europe and conspiring to launder millions of dollars in drug profits. .
Reading Exercise . Gamboa is the third Colombian Pastrana has extradited to the United States to face drug charges in the past nine months, following a 10 -year moratorium. Garnboa’s extradition comes three days after a newspaper ad paid for by a band of drug dealers known as the Our Country Movement threatened to assassinate judges and government officials unless authorities reversed their decision. Meanwhile, the U. S. government yesterday added two other Colombians to its list of 524 individuals and companies suspected of drug trafficking and banned from doing business in the United States. Arcangel de Jesus Henao Montoya and Juan Carlos Ramirez Abadia are responsible for huge volumes of drugs that have entered the United States, the Treasury Department said. (Associated Press)
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