Languages in a Flat World December 2007 Rajen

Languages in a Flat World December 2007 Rajen Vurdien, Ph. D. Vice-President of Instruction Saddleback College Craig Justice, Ph. D. Vice-President of Instruction Irvine Valley College

Why languages in a flat world? n Linguistic diversity is in danger n UNESCO has concluded that by 2050 more than half of the world’s languages could be extinct n Globalization has led to the realization that people would be better off speaking the same language, whether it is English, Spanish, Chinese, or any language n World will be closer together n Access to the same information n Less room for misunderstandings

The continued spread of English today is a consequence of and a contributor to globalization. n Growth in international trade and multinational corporations n The ever widening reach of American mass media n The expanding electronic network created by the Internet n The linguistic impact of American songs, dress, food, sports, and recreation n Growth in the study of English overseas n Swelling number of students who go abroad to study in English speaking countries n More than half of foreign students enrolled in 6 English mother-tongue countries: Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the USA

A Genuinely Global Language USA, UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland n The Inner Circle: n The Outer Circle: Bangladesh, Ghana, India, Kenya, Malaysia, Mauritius, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Zambia n The Expanding Circle: China, Egypt, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Nepal, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, USSR, Zimbabwe

International Languages n International Languages ¡ ¡ ¡ 6700 languages according to UNESCO 21 countries with Spanish as official language 1. 12 billion speakers of Mandarin Chinese n France spends hundreds of millions of Euros to support French language and culture world wide n Muslim organizations spend millions of dollars to promote Arabic n Germany fund 78 Goethe Institutes worldwide to promote German n Singapore has a “Speak Mandarin only” campaign n The future of non English languages will essentially rest with the growth of intimate local connections and regionalization

Foreign Languages Course Data Saddleback College FTES Fall 2004 -2006 LANGUAGE Fall 2004 Fall 2005 Fall 2006 ARABIC 9. 89 8. 19 9 CHINESE 10. 43 8. 82 9 FRENCH 26. 89 21. 99 20 GERMAN 15. 02 19. 95 14 HEBREW 4. 34 4. 72 5 ITALIAN 28. 29 28. 96 26 JAPANESE 15. 65 13. 6 14 KOREAN 0 2 0 PERSIAN 9. 24 10. 92 14 SPANISH 136. 5 137. 68 129 Total 256. 25 256. 83 240 Spanish generates the highest number of FTES among all of the foreign languages offered at Saddleback.

Foreign Languages Course Data Saddleback College Number of Sections Offered Fall 2004 -2006 LANGUAGE Fall 2004 Fall 2005 Fall 2006 ARABIC 2 3 2 CHINESE 3 3 2 FRENCH 11 11 9 GERMAN 10 11 9 HEBREW 2 2 2 ITALIAN 11 11 9 JAPANESE 3 3 3 KOREAN 0 1 0 PERSIAN 4 2 7 SPANISH 41 45 37 Total 87 92 80 Spanish offers the most sections among all of the foreign languages offered at Saddleback.

Foreign Languages Course Data Saddleback College Enrollment Fall 2004 -2006 LANGUAGE Fall 2004 Fall 2005 Fall 2006 ARABIC 93 78 93 CHINESE 104 88 95 FRENCH 261 212 199 GERMAN 146 193 139 HEBREW 44 45 50 ITALIAN 281 289 254 JAPANESE 153 133 140 KOREAN 0 22 0 PERSIAN 92 104 145 SPANISH 1378 1358 1301 Total 2552 2522 2416 Spanish has highest enrollment among all of the foreign languages offered at Saddleback.

Foreign Languages Course Data Saddleback College Success Rate Fall 2004 -2006 FALL 2004 FALL 2005 FALL 2006 ARABIC 74. 2% 70. 8% 91. 7% CHINESE 66. 3% 53. 7% 71. 7% FRENCH 52. 5% 58. 7% 51. 9% GERMAN 63. 7% 73. 4% 71. 0% HEBREW 65. 2% 66. 7% 58. 3% ITALIAN 69. 5% 61. 6% 71. 8% JAPANESE 72. 9% 77. 8% 73. 6% KOREAN 0. 0% 95. 5% 0. 0% PERSIAN 78. 6% 58. 8% 72. 0% SPANISH 65. 9% 68. 4% 73. 5% Total 66. 0% 67. 0% 71. 8% The overall success rate is almost 70% in the three year span. Arabic, Japanese and Spanish have high success rates.

Foreign Languages Course Data Saddleback College Retention Rate Fall 2004 -2006 FALL 2004 FALL 2005 FALL 2006 ARABIC 91. 0% 75. 0% 97. 6% CHINESE 98. 1% 92. 7% 92. 5% FRENCH 83. 2% 79. 6% 81. 5% GERMAN 79. 3% 86. 4% 83. 2% HEBREW 91. 3% 91. 1% 100. 0% ITALIAN 82. 0% 87. 1% 90. 0% JAPANESE 87. 9% 92. 9% 90. 7% KOREAN 0. 0% 100. 0% PERSIAN 97. 6% 98. 0% 88. 8% SPANISH 85. 5% 88. 4% 89. 8% Total 85. 9% 87. 9% 89. 4% Overall the retention rate foreign languages is approximately 88%. Chinese and Hebrew have high retention rates.

American Sign Language Saddleback College Fall 2004 Fall 2005 Fall 2006 Number of Sections 17 19 19 Enrollment 449 465 452 Success 80. 0% 80. 2% 75. 4% Retention 95. 1% 94. 2% 92. 5% Awards (degrees & certificates) 9 5 10 American Sign Language continues to have strong enrollments each year.

Foreign Languages Course Data Irvine Valley College FTES Fall 2004 -2006 Fall 2004 Fall 2005 Fall 2006 Chinese 13. 91 15. 17 15. 69 French 21. 55 22. 95 22. 57 Japanese 30. 95 39. 65 50. 44 Spanish 57. 62 56. 98 59. 30 TOTAL 124. 03 134. 75 148. 00 Overall FTES growth in the foreign languages have grown over the past 3 falls semesters. Spanish generates the largest number of FTES at Irvine Valley College.

Foreign Languages Course Data Irvine Valley College Number of Sections Offered Fall 2004 -2006 Fall 2004 Fall 2005 Fall 2006 Chinese 5 6 5 French 10 8 9 Japanese 9 11 11 Spanish 18 13 13 TOTAL 42 38 38 Spanish offers the most sections at Irvine Valley College.

Foreign Languages Course Data Irvine Valley College Enrollment Fall 2004 -2006 Fall 2004 Fall 2005 Fall 2006 Chinese 156 164 166 French 133 137 125 Japanese 242 268 320 Spanish 391 349 366 TOTAL 922 918 977 Enrollment has grown in foreign languages over the past 3 semesters. Spanish enrollment has dropped slightly and Japanese has increased from Fall 04 to Fall 06.

Foreign Languages Offered at our satellite campus Advanced Technology & Education Park (ATEP) Fall 2007 & Spring 2008 7 Sections of Foreign Language offered at ATEP: ¡ ¡ ¡ Chinese 1 French 1 A Japanese 1 Korean – Introduction to Korean Culture Persian 2 Spanish 1 and 1 A

Opportunities and Challenges for SOCCCD Discussion Topics n English, the Killer Language ¡ ¡ n Teaching Partnerships with foreign countries Prepare foreign students to attend US universities and colleges Agreements with foreign universities Teacher exchange Promote Foreign Language ¡ ¡ ¡ Continue Study abroad Understanding of foreign cultures through student/faculty exchange Promote regional languages (Spanish, Japanese, Chinese, Korean)

SOCCCD an International Community n 482 students on F-1 Visa from 48 countries ¡ ¡ Saddleback College – 162 students from 38 countries (68% from Japan, China, Taiwan & Korea) Irvine Valley College – 320 students from 37 countries (57% from Korea, Japan, Taiwan & China) About 75 different languages spoken from Quechua to Swahili Students come from Australia to Yugoslavia and all 6 continents