La scienza delle misure chimiche e qualità della

La scienza delle misure chimiche e qualità della vita Mario Gallorini I. N. R. I. M Unità di Radiochimica e Spettroscopia c/o Università degli Studi di Pavia Torino - 25 Gennaio 2007

INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

EUROTERVIT - JRC- Ispra 1990 -2000 INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

TRACE METALS DETERMINATION IN BIOLOGICAL SPECIMENS SAMPLING Procedure used to evaluate possible TM contamination during samples collection Characterization and Identification of the analysis of the materials A which come in contact potential contaminants Trace metals released from surgical tools in collecting rabbit lung tissues. Radio-release procedure. Element bistoury (ng) forcep human lung w. t. (ng) with the samples Neutron activation of the materials (bistoury, B needles, forceps Production of the corresponding contaminants radionuclides C Contact of the irrad iate materials with the samples Ag D 1. 3 120 2. 1 Ce 25 80 87 Co 3. 7 25 80 Cr 50 3200 312 Cs 0. 7 1. 3 17. 2 Fe 1700 30000 2640000 Identification of the contaminats Hg < 10 17 90 Ir 0. 02 0. 2 Ni 135 450 600 Rb 37 140 4775 Sb 22 35 230 Ta 2 14 13 Zn <30 12130 (radio -release method) (ref. Value ng/g) NAA of “uncontamined” sample in comparison with the sample treated with the sampling materials INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia Quantification of the degree of contamination

INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

The application of the Neutron Activation Analysis for trace metals determination in human brain tissues and substantia nigra neuromelanin In human brain many transition metals are necessary for important biological processes, and alterations in their homeostasis can produce neurotoxic effects. Toxicity pathways frequently involve oxidative stress through an increase of free radicals production (redoxreactions). The subsequent damages or death of cells can lead to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and Alzheimer Disease (AD) INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

Trace metals and human health – Parkinson disease Trace elements analysis in human brain tissues is an important step in understanding the PD pathogenesis. Thanks to a controlled separation procedure, NM was isolated from SN with no metal contamination. NM showed a great ability to bind large amounts of metals, especially Fe, suggesting that NM can play a protective role for brain neurons against the free toxic radicals deriving from redox active metal ions. Fe and Cu concentrations in brain tissues increase along with aging in normal subjects. INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

Human substantia nigra in parkinsonian (A) and in normal subject (B) A INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia B

Substantia nigra pars compacta of normal (A) and parkinsonian subjects (B) A INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia B

INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

Trace metals in human brain tissues and their neuromelanines INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

Biochemical Pharmacology, Aug 1; 66(3), pp. 489 -94, (2003). INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia Pigment Cell Res. , 17(6): 610 -7. , Dec; (2004).

Fe Cu SN LC LC LC Cu SN INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. ; 101(26): 9843 -8. Epub Jun 21, (2004)

Radiotracers in vivo experiments Nuclear reaction : p, xn Nat Ti 48 V INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

Toxic metals in the environment - K and P comparison of CCQM IAWG (2006) INRIM INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

As in shellfish INRIMM INRIM INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

FOOD ANALYSIS : TRACE METALS DETERMINATION IN TOMATO PASTE Analytical techniques and procedures for Cadmiun determination INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

with PM 10 concentration more than 75 mg/m 3 … Decreto Ministeriale n° 60 del 02/02/2002

Pre-impactor (> 9. 0 m) Stage 1 (6, 0 – 9, 0 m) Stage 2 (4, 6 – 6, 0 m) Stage 3 (3, 3 – 4, 6 m) Stage 4 (2, 15 – 3, 3 m) Stage 5 (1, 08 – 2, 15 m) Stage 6 (0, 70 – 1, 08 m) Stage 7 (0, 41 – 0, 70 m) Stage 8 (0 – 0, 41 m)

Air particulate matter collected onto filters Stage 1 Stage 5 (1. 08 -2. 15 m) (6. 0 -9. 0 m) Stage 8 -0. 41 m) (0 Total Suspended Particle (TSP)

Reference Materials for life science : Trace elements in air particulate matter PM 2. 5 NIST 2783 Air Particulate on Filter Media Lab. 7: IMGC Lab. 12: NIST INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

Reference Materials for life science : Trace elements in air particulate matter PM 2. 5 NIST 2783 Air Particulate on Filter Media Lab. 7: INRIM Lab. 12: NIST INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

Gaithersburg, MD 20899 Certificate Issue Date: 2 January 2002 INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia

INRIM Unit of Radiochemistry and Spectroscopy c/o University of Pavia YES !!