Kravtsov M 1 The American Revolutionary War

Kravtsov M. 1

The American Revolutionary War (1775– 1783) or the American War of Independence, or simply the Revolutionary War, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen British colonies in North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers.

• Strengthening the colonial yoke of England. • Prohibition of the colonists to move west. • The introduction of stamp duty (1765) 2 camps during the war. Patriots Farmers, southern plantation owners, the national bourgeoisie, Working people. Loyalists. The landed aristocracy, received land from the king, the officials.

"No taxation without representation" - D. Otis. This requirement sounds everywhere.

Society "Sons of Freedom" Officials have drawn a stamp duty, daubed with tar, feathers and throw out a worn attached to long poles under the sound of pans.

• 1773 - 1775 threshold of war for Independence. Boston Tea Party 1773.

1774 - First Continental Congress of representatives of the colonies, forbidding Americans to trade with England. Violated the ban, suspended for the belt on the posts. ("Column free").

1774 - 1775 - the emergence of armed guerrilla otryadov. 19 April 1775 - the beginning of universal warfare. George Washington became commander of the army of the colonists. . • Biography : George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799) commanded the Continental Army in American Revolutionary War (1775– 1783), and was the first President of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797. Because of his central role in the founding of the United States, Washington is often called the "Father of his Country". His devotion to republicanism and civic virtue made him an exemplary figure among early American politicians.

May 10, 1775 - II Continental Congress took on the role of the national government during the War of Independence.

June 4, 1776 - Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence. (by Thomas Jefferson). • Jefferson was chairman of the committee to establish a declaration of independence. Apart from him, the committee was still 4 people: John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert R. Livingston. In one of the committee meetings, these 4 people unanimously asked Jefferson to write the declaration itself.

Netherlands France Russia Spain

In March 1780 Catherine II signed the declaration of "armed neutrality. " England had to reflect not only the onslaught of the American army, and attack allies.

The number of enemy battleships. Year France Spain Netherlands USA Итого союзники England 1778 52 — — 0 52 66 1779 63 58 — 0 121 90 1780 69 48 — 0 117 95 1781 70 54 13 0 137 94 1782 73 54 19 0 146 94

In 1781, British forces surrendered to American and French troops under the Yorktown.

In 1783 - the signing of a peace treaty. England recognized the formation of the United States.

Results of war Forces of the parties 27 000 Continental United States Army soldiers 250 000 militia 5 000 Blacks 13 500 French 8 000 Spanish 30 -40 frigates and smaller ships 15 200 British 50 000 Loyalist 20 000 Blacks 30 000 German (Hesse soldiers) 13 000 Indians 100 frigates and smaller ships military losses 8 000 killed 17 000 died of disease 25 000 injured 8 000 killed 17 000 died of disease 24 000 injured

The War for Independence, which was the model at the time of the revolutionary war, had an impact on the struggle of the European bourgeoisie against the feudal-absolutist order • In the ranks of the U. S. Army fought about 7 thousand European volunteers, among them the French Marquis Lafayette, Saint-Simon, A. , Pole T. Kosciusko. War of Independence hailed progressive people of many countries, including Russia. Radishchev sang her ode to "Liberty. "

In 1787 in the U. S. constitution was adopted, the most progressive world. The Constitution was amended "Biel of rights. " In the United States established the bourgeois - democratic republic. The war for independence destroyed all obstacles hindered the development of the industry.

U. S. authorities on the Constitution. U. S. President The head of state elected for 4 years. Legislative power. congress upper chamber lower chamber Senate House of Representatives period of 6 years period of 2 years В США было узаконено рабство.