Kondicionalne rečenice CONDITIONALS TYPE 1 2 AND 3

Kondicionalne rečenice CONDITIONALS (TYPE 1, 2 AND 3)

Kondicionalne rečenice Su složene rečenice koje koristimo da bi govorili o situacijama koje su moguće u sadašnjosti ili budućnosti (Tip 1), o zamišljenim situacijama u sadašnjosti ili budućnosti (Tip 2) ili o zamišljenim situacijama u prošlosti (Tip 3). Sastoje se iz dve proste rečenice od kojih jedna izražava uslov, a druga rezultat.

Conditional Type 1 If + present simple / will + inf. Lisa has lost her watch. Sue tells her: “If I find it, I’ll let you know. ” If rečenica uvek izražava uslov (“ako ga nađem”), a druga rezultat (“javiću ti”). Tip 1 izražava situaciju koja je realna, moguća u sadašnjosti ili budućnosti. Na srpski se prevodi kao: Ako+ prezent / futur Ako ga nađem, javiću ti.

Primeri If we invite Bill to the party, we ______ (have to invite) his friends too. If I catch the early bus, I ______ (not be late) for the exam. If I see Kate today, I _______ (tell) her the good news.

Conditional Type 2 If + past simple / would + inf. If I found a wallet in the street, I would take it to the police station. Tip 2 izražava situaciju koja nije realna: ovde se samo zamišlja uslov i rezultat, ne očekuje se da se to i desi. Iako koristimo prošlo vreme, ne govorimo o prošlosti, već o zamišljenoj situaciji u sadašnjosti ili budućnosti. Srpski: Kad bi / potencijal (bih, bi) Kad bih našao novčanik na ulici, odneo bih ga u policiju.

Primeri If there _____ (be) an election tomorrow, who would you vote for? They would be offended if I ______ (not go) to their party. If they offered me the job, I _______ (take) it. If we caught the 10. 30 bus, we _______ (arrive) too early.

U if rečenici uvek koristimo past simple. U drugoj rečenici, umesto would, moguće je upotrebiti might/could. If you took more exercise, you would feel better (=I’m sure of it. ) If you took more exercise, you might feel better. (=it’s possible that you would feel better. ) If it stopped raining, we would go out. If it stopped raining, we could go out. (=we would be able to)

Type 2 (nastavak) Često je nerealna situacija koja se zamišlja, suprotna od stvarne. Sarah wants to phone Polly, but she can’t do this, because she doesn’t know her number. She says: “If I knew her number, I would phone him. ” U stvarnosti, ona ne zna broj telefona. Ovaj kondicional odnosi se na sadašnjost.

Primeri Tom would read more if he had more time. (= but he doesn’t have more time. ) We wouldn’t have any money if we didn’t work. (=but we work. ) If I didn’t want to go to the party, I wouldn’t go (= but I want to go. ) It would be useful if you could drive. (= but you can’t. )

I wish I knew I wish (“želeo/la bih”) je izraz koji izražava žaljenje govornika što situacija u sadašnjosti nije onakva kakvu bi želeli. I wish I knew his phone number. (= I don’t know it and I regret this. ) It’s raining! I wish I had an umbrella. Iako se iza I wish koristi past simple, zapravo se govori o sadašnjosti: Pada kiša! Želela bih / Bar da imam kišobran.

Primeri Do you ever wish you could fly? (Da li nekad poželiš da umeš da letiš? ) It rains a lot here. I wish it didn’t rain so often. (Ovde često pada kiša. Bar da ne pada tako često. ) I wish I didn’t have to work tomorrow, but unfortunately I do. (Bar da ne moram da radim sutra, ali nažalost moram. ) I wish I had something to read. (Bar da imam nešto da čitam. )

If I were / if I was Posle if i wish, može se koristiti were (past tense od glagola to be) u svim licima. Tako se može reći: If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that coat. Ili If I was you. . . I would go out if it weren’t so cold. Ili if it wasn’t. . . I wish Carol were here. Ili Carol was here.