KIBBUTZ and the CHALLENGE of ECO-ZIONISM Dr. Michael Livni www. michael-livni. org Center for Creative Ecology Kibbutz Lotan , D. N. Chevel Eilot, ISRAEL 88855 www. kibbutzlotan. com
HEADINGS 1. BACKGROUND - SUSTAINABILITY & INTENTIONAL COMMUNITY 2. TWO ROOTS OF ZIONISM 3. CONCEPT of ECO-ZIONISM 4. KIBBUTZ & ECOLOGY 5. KIBBUTZ LOTAN & ECO-ZIONISM 6. THE FUTURE of ECO-ZIONISM on the KIBBUTZIM
1. BACKGROUND SUSTAINABILITY AS A GLOBAL CHALLENGE NON-MATERIAL CULTURE VALUES and NORMS UTILITARIAN and/or ABSOLUTE (FAITH)
B. THE POTENTIAL OF INTENTIONAL COMMUNITY FOR REALIZING SUSTAINABILITY MATERIAL CULTURE - PHYSICAL FACTORS e. g. COMMON KITCHEN, TRANSPORTATION NON – MATERIAL CULTURE BEHAVIORAL NORMS REGARDING MATERIAL CULTURE (PRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION – WASTE DISPOSAL) COMMUNALLY DETERMINED
C. SUSTAINABILITY WEST OF THE JORDAN (Ecological irrelevance of political boundaries) Area: 26, 000 sq. km. = 10, 000 sq. mi. Pop. 10 million Compare Vermont - Pop. 630, 000 - 23, 960 sq. km. Massachusetts - Pop. 6. 6 million Area 20, 300 sq. km Macedonia - Pop. 2. 2 million Area 25, 000 sq. km.
2. TWO ROOTS OF ZIONISM POLITICAL ZIONISM CULTURAL ZIONISM THEODOR HERZL ACHAD HA’AM STATE for the JEWS SAVE JEWS ANTI-SEMITISM “LIKE ALL THE NATIONS” JEWISH STATE SAVE JUDAISM ASSIMILATION UNIQUELY JEWISH UTILITARIAN ABSOLUTE VALUES
3. THE CONCEPT OF ECO-ZIONISM • As derived from POLITICAL ZIONISM Utilitarian – for our benefit and for the benefit of future generations – “green movements”. • As derived from CULTURAL ZIONISM The integrity of CREATION as a whole and the environment in Israel as absolute Jewish and universal values. (Faith) ECO - ZIONISM as SYNTHESIS
4. KIBBUTZ and ECOLOGY • THE EMERGENCE OF ECOLOGICAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND MOVEMENTS in the 1970’s (Club of Rome 1968 – 1972) • DECLINE of the KIBBUTZ as an IDEOLOGICAL MOVEMENT WITHIN ZIONISM. (1977 – Political Turnabout in Israel) • • TWO MOVEMENTS OUT OF SYNCH THE RISE OF NEO-LIBERALISM
KIBBUTZ LOTAN and ECO-ZIONISM Kibbutz Yahel Kibbutz Lotan is located in Israel’s southern Arava desert on the border with Jordan, 50 kilometres north of Eilat, at the foot of the Edom Mountains.
5. KIBBUTZ LOTAN and ECO-ZIONISM (The Atypical Reflects on the Typical) Integration of Four Characteristics - Only on Lotan 1. Collective – only 25% of the kibbutzim 2. Religious (Reform) commitment – one of two 3. Ecological commitment – only member of GEN 4. Vision Statement – includes an ecological commitment
ECOLOGY (from the Lotan Vision Statement) We strive to fulfill the Biblical ideal, “…to till the Earth and to preserve it” (Gen. 2: 15) in our home, our region, our country and the world. We are working to create ways to live in harmony with our desert environment
Statement on Ecology in the Lotan Vision Statement KIBBUTZ LOTAN RECYCLING CENTER “ Ecology: We strive to fulfill the Biblical ideal ‘…to till the Earth and to preserve it’ (Gen. 2: 15) in our home, our region, our country and the world. We are working to create ways to live in harmony with our desert environment. “
Lotan Center for Creative Ecology Ecological Playground Lotan is famous for turning waste, like tires, cans and bottles into giant playground creatures like Morla the turtle…
Lotan Center for Creative Ecology Building the Eco-campus Lotan’s internationally recognized eco-design courses impart environmental awareness, practical training and teaching skills: “Ecology in a Jewish Community Setting”.
THE ECO-CAMPUS The Eco-Campus neighbourhood, with its gardens and recycling systems, is a model for sustainable living.
6. THE FUTURE of ECO-ZIONISM on KIBBUTZ • REGIONAL INITIATIVES Activists in Ecological Units of Regional Councils and Educators in the Regional Schools. • NATIONAL INITIATIVES Government, Jewish National Fund and NGOs Positive precedents – protection of wild flowers • INDIVIDUAL KIBBUTZIM Awaits the emergence of a concerned public (as elsewhere in Israel). Possible conflict of interests.
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