Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Greenhouse Gas GHG Management

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Management An introduction Tim Holmes, P. E. Kenwood Energy P. O. Box 692 Kenwood, CA 95459 (707) 833 -1028 www. kenwoodenergy. com 1

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Green House Gases A diagram to help explain the process of global warming and how greenhouse gases create the "greenhouse effect. " Main gases are: carbon dioxide (CO 2) methane (NH 4) nitrous oxide CFC’s 2

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Global Warming Potential The Global Warming Potential (GWP) of methane is 21 while the GWP of CO 2 is 1. This means that one ton of methane has 21 times the 3 potential effect as does CO 2.

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Human Effect Fossil Fuels - for energy and transportation, includes: coal, natural gas, propane, gasoline, diesel, etc. GHG’s are released when burned Carbon trapped for 250 million years in the form of coal, oil etc. Land Use Practices Deforestation, agriculture & landfills Production of nitrogen based fertilizers Leaking air conditioners and refrigerators 4

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Global Warming Effect Warmer oceans, melting polar ice-caps & glaciers an increase in storm intensity rising sea levels An increase in heat waves heatstroke, heart attacks and other ailments aggravated by the heat Other health concerns malaria and dengue fever spreading 5

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services The Solution? 6

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Assembly Bill - 32 AB 32 institutes a mandatory limit (cap) on GHG pollution Reduce GHG emissions in California to 1990 levels by the year 2020, or 25% below forecasted levels. 7

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services AB 32 Goals • • • Design regulations Ensure equity across economic classes Ensure early implementers are treated fairly Work with Federal & State air quality Consider cost effectiveness burden • • • Societal benefits Minimize administrative burden Minimize leakage Consider all gases Emergency provisions to adjust the applicable deadlines if needed 8

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services AB 32 Timeline • • • By July 1, 2007 - form Environmental Justice and Economic & Technology Advancement advisory committees By July 1, 2007 - adopt early action measures that can be adopted and implemented before January 1, 2010 By Jan 1, 2008 - adopt regulations for mandatory GHG emissions reporting Jan 1, 2009 - adopt plan indicating how emission reductions will be achieved via regulations, market mechanisms, etc. During 2009 - draft rule language to implement its plan and hold public workshops During 2010 conduct series of rule-makings, adopt GHG regulations and market mechanisms Jan 1, 2011 - complete major rules and market mechanisms Jan 1, 2012 - GHG rules and market mechanisms adopted legally enforceable Dec 31, 2020 - Deadline for achieving 2020 GHG cap For more information - www. arb. ca. gov/cc/cc. htm 9

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Potential AB 32 Action Plan Costs Registry fees (California Action Registry): ? Baseline Certification process: $3, 500 to $15, 000 due to complexity Engineering services: $5 k to $50 k Internal costs 10

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Baseline Effort Scope Buildings Fleet Commute Baseline Year Available records Baseline Year may affect the Plan’s difficulty GHG Contributors Building Electric Use & Natural Gas Commute Gasoline Fleet Gasoline and Diesel Baseline Trends Construction of new facilities Population trends Commuting Trends 11

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Inventory Sample 12

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Baseline and Target Sheriff Facility Added JJC Center Started Deregulated Green Electric Purchase 13

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Climate Action Plan Steps Identify GHG Reduction Actions Create Action Plan Energy Efficiency Self generation Alternative fuels - Fleet Commute Completed Projects Establish minimum cost effectiveness Plan Options Implementation Methodology In-house Energy Service Contract Be an Early Implementer for cost effective projects Measure and Verify 14

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Sonoma County Example Sample Projects Solar Electricity - Photovoltaics (PV) Central Mechanical Plant Energy Efficiency Landfill Gas Direct Access Electricity Flexible Fuels Efficient Fleet Vehicles Comprehensive Commute Program Climate Protection Action Plans Plan A - Heavy PV reliance Plan B - Includes Commuter Program Sonoma Plan - Plan B A lower Return on Investment Commute contribute 38% of GHG emissions Napa Considerations Some Sonoma Actions won’t be available to Napa Implementation of the Plan may result in net cost to County 15

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Accomplishments to Date ü JJC Photovoltaic ü Sheriff Facility Photovoltaic ü Administration Building Lighting and HVAC ü Jail Lighting ü 650 Imperial Way Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning 16

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services PV Systems 17

Kenwood Energy Consulting Services Energy Efficiency Only nine months of energy data Project has been fully complete for about 6 months Some Changes in facility use 18